Batho ba bangata ba thahasella potso ena: lefu la tsoekere le lefsitsoeng - ke eng? Polelo ena e bua ka pathology, nts'etsopele eo bongata ba tsoekere bo atamelaneng haholo ka moo ho ka khonehang. Sena se fihlella ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo. Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea bona, ho ka khonahala ho fokotsa tšokelo ea mathata.
Mohloli oa matšeliso
Lefu la tsoekere le lekantsoeng le tsamaea le likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa tsoekere ea mali. Ho fihlella mmuso ona, khalemelo ea lijo le ho latela mokhoa o ikhethileng oa thusa. Boikoetliso bo kopanetsoeng ha bo na bohlokoa ba letho.
Maemong a mang, mehato ena ha ea lekana ho boloka bophahamo bo tloaelehileng ba tsoekere.
Mokhahlelo oa matšeliso
Ho latela boemo ba mokuli, ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea pathology. Lingaka li khetholla methati e latelang ea matšeliso a lefu la tsoekere:
- E lekantsoe - boemong bona, ho a khonahala ho boloka paramethara e tloaelehileng ea tsoekere. Kotsi ea mathata a teng maemong ana ha e nyane. Ho lefella phekolo ea methapo ea mafu, meriana ea lipilisi, tsamaiso ea insulin, khalemelo ea lijo le mojaro oa lipapali li sebelisoa.
- Subcompedated - e tšoauoa ke naha e mahareng moo litekanyetso tsa glucose li pakeng tsa methati e tlatselitsoeng le e patisaneng. Tšoso ea litlamorao tse mpe e teng hona joale. Empa bakeng sa ho hlaha matšoao a litlamorao tse mpe, ho nka nako ho feta ho le boemong ba ho buseletsoa.
- E lekantsoe - e tsamaisoa le bophahamo bo eketsehileng ba tsoekere. Boemo bo khetholloa ke tšokelo e kholo ea mathata.
Likhetho tsa matšeliso
E le hore matšeliso a lefu la tsoekere a atlehe, liteko tse ling li lokela ho nkuoa khafetsa. Mekhoa ea matšeliso ea lefu la tsoekere e kenyeletsa:
- Bophahamo ba glucose - bo ikemiselitsoe maling le moroto;
- Glycated hemoglobin;
- Acetone ka har'a moroto;
- Fructosamine;
- Lipidogram.
Glycated Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin ke proteni e teng maling. Ntho ena e ikarabella ho abeng oksijene 'meleng oohle. Tšobotsi e ikhethang ea ntho ena ke bokhoni ba ho tšoara molek'hule ea oksijene le ho netefatsa hore e tsoela pele.
Leha ho le joalo, hemoglobin e ka boela ea nka limolek'hule tsa glucose. Ka lebaka leo, hemoglobin ea glycated e thehiloe, e leng karolo ea matla a phahameng. Ke letšoao lena le u lumellang ho lekanya palo ea tsoekere e ngata ho feta likhoeli tse 2 tse fetileng.
Ka hona, mokhoa ona o bohlokoa haholo ho khetholla boima ba lefu lena le katleho ea lona kalafo. E thusa ho tseba mofuta oa matšeliso bakeng sa lefu lena.
Ho hlahloba boemo ba hemoglobin e joalo, ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa immunochemical kapa ion-exchange chromatography. Ka tloaelo, kamora thupelo ea pele, letšoao lena ke 4.5-7,5%, kamora ea bobeli - 4.5-5.7%.
Lefu la tsoekere le lekantsoeng le tsamaea le paramente ea 6-9%. Haeba ho fumanoa liperesente tse phahameng, sena se tiisa ho se sebetse hantle ha kalafo le tsoekere e kholo ea tsoekere.
Fructosamine
Paramente ena ke ea bobeli e nang le tsebo. Fructosamine e kopantsoe le likarolo tse tlamang tsa protheine ea lero la mali le glucose. Keketseho ea molumo oa ntho ena e bonts'a tsoekere e ngata haholo bakeng sa libeke tse 2-3.
Lipidogram
Ts'ebetso ena e felletseng ea ho lemoha e thusa ho tseba se ka har'a lipid tsa methapong ea mali.
Bakeng sa ho etsa li-lipidograms, ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa ho etsa litšoantšo oa colorimetric. Ho etsa sena, fana ka mali a tsoang mothapong.
Ho fumana sephetho se ts'epahalang, o lokela ho latela likeletso tsena:
- Khaotsa ho tsuba metsotso e 30 pele ho thuto;
- Qoba khatello ea maikutlo
- Se ke oa ja lihora tse 12 pele ho tlhahlobo.
Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso, ho ka khona ho fumana k'holeseterole e felletseng, letšoao la atherogenicity, boemo ba triglycerides, lipids tsa methapo e fapaneng. Puseletso e felletseng ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 e tšoauoa ke:
- Triglycerides - 0-2.25 mmol / L;
- Atherogenicity - 2.2-3.5;
- Cholesterol - 0-5.2 mmol / L;
- Lipoprotein tse tlase haholo - 0.13-1.63 mmol / l;
- Li-lipoprotein tse fokolang haholo - 0-3.3 mmol / l;
- Li-lipoprotein tse phahameng haholo - 1.03-1.55 mmol / L.
Subcompensation le decompensation ea pathology li khetholloa ka litefiso tse phahameng. Sena se tiisa kotsi e tsotehang ea atherosclerosis, stroke, lefu la liphio, lefu la pelo.
Sekhahla sa tsoekere
Litekanyetso tsa glucose li hloka ho hlahlojoa ho fihlela makhetlo a 5 ka letsatsi. Empa ha se mokuli e mong le e mong ea ka etsang liteko tse ngata. Ka hona, palo e fokolang ea lits'ebetso ke makhetlo a 2 - hoseng le bosiu. Ho etsa thuto ena, sebelisa glucometer.
Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere e lekantsoeng hantle o hloka thuto ea khoeli le khoeli. Haeba boemo ba tsoekere moriring ke 12-15 mmol / l, ts'ebetso e lokela ho etsoa khafetsa. Ka tloaelo, tsoekere ha ea lokela ho ba ka har'a moroto. Haeba e le teng, thuto e eketsehileng e bonts'oa ho "acetone" e teng ka har'a moroto.
Ho lekola litekanyetso tsa ho lefella mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, likhoele tsa liteko li sebelisoa tse fetolang mmala oa tsona ha li pepesetsoa moroto. Haeba 'mala o koahetsoe ka ho lekana, hona ho bontša ho ata ha acetone ka har'a moroto. Ha se moriti o khanyang o bonts'a sekhahla se tlase.
Thibelo ea Mathata
Ho thibela nts'etsopele ea litlamorao tse mpe, ho bohlokoa haholo ho thatafatsa le ho boloka tsoekere e lekaneng maling. Puseletso e sebetsang bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 ha e khonehe ntle le insulin. Ka mofuta oa 2 pathology, sena ha se hlokahale, ho latela mokhoa oa letsatsi le letsatsi oa ho ja, oa ho ja le oa ho ikoetlisa.
Ka mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa lefu la tsoekere, litataiso tsa ja ha li fetoloe. Ho bohlokoa ho latela likhothaletso tse joalo:
- Qoba lijo tse tsoekere le mafura;
- Fana ka khetho ea mefuta e bonolo ea kalafo ea mocheso - ho belisa, ho baka;
- Nka lijo tse itekanetseng;
- Khetholla tsoekere ka botlalo;
- Fokotsa tšebeliso ea letsoai - bophahamo ba eona ha boa lokela ho feta 12 g ka letsatsi;
- Leka-lekanya lihlahisoa tsa khalori ea lihlahisoa le boholo ba matla a sebelisitsoeng.
Bakeng sa puseletso ea mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 hore o atlehe, ntle le ho tloaela lijo, o hloka ho etsa liketso tse latelang:
- Nako le nako lekola bophahamo ba glucose;
- Fana ka tikoloho e ntle ea kelello;
- E-ea bakeng sa lipapali.
Ho bohlokoa ho nahana hore boikoetliso bo sa lekaneng kapa bo feteletseng bo kotsi haholo ho lefu la tsoekere. Li ama hampe menyetla ea matšeliso bakeng la lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, le lebisang ho eketseheng ha tsoekere. Litsebi li eletsa letsatsi le leng le le leng ho ikoetlisa kapa ho etsa mekotla e mekhutšoanyane.
Ho latela litlhahiso tsa bongaka, boemo ba mokuli boa ntlafala. Mofuta oa mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere o na le matšoao a latelang:
- Glycated hemoglobin 6-7%;
- Khatello e ka tlase ho 140-90 mm Hg. st .;
- Bophahamo bo tloaelehileng ba k'holeseterole;
- Hypoglycemia hoseng 5.5 mol;
- Likahare tse tsoekere tse ngata ka mor'a ho ja.
Lefu la tsoekere le lekantsoeng le tsamaea le litekanyetso tse ngata tsa glucose. Boemo bona ha bo bake mathata le ho u lumella ho phela bophelo bo tloaelehileng. Ho fihlela sephetho se setle, ho bohlokoa haholo ho latela ka mokhoa o hlakileng ho beoa ha ngaka.
