HDL cholesterol e phahame: e bolela eng le ho eketsa lipalo tsa batho ba phahameng haholo

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Hypercholesterolemia, boemo boo k'holeseterole ea mali e phahamiselitsoeng ho bona, e kenyelelitsoe lethathamong la mabaka a mantlha a kotsi a bakang ho hlaha ha lefu la myocardial. Sebete sa motho se hlahisa cholesterol e lekaneng, ka hona ha ua lokela ho e ja ka lijo.

Lintho tse nang le mafura li bitsoa lipids. Lipids eona e na le mefuta e 'meli ea sehlooho - cholesterol le triglycerides, e tsamaisoang ke mali. Ho tsamaisa cholesterol maling ho atlehile, ho latela liprotheine. K'holeseterole e joalo e bitsoa lipoprotein.

Lipoproteins li phahame (HDL kapa HDL), li tlaase (LDL) le letsoalo le tlase haholo (VLDL). E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea tsona e nkuoa ha ho hlahlojoa kotsi ea ho ba le mafu a tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo. Boholo ba k'holeseterole ea mali e fumanehiloe ka har'a litekanyetso tse tlaase tsa methapo ea methapo ea methapo (LDL). Li isa cholesterol liseleng le liseleng, ho kenyeletsa le methapo ea methapo ea pelo ho ea pelong le holimo.

Cholesterol e fumanoeng ho LDL (lipensense tse tlase tsa methapo ea methapo) e bapala karolo ea bohlokoahali ho theheng mapetjo (ho bokella lintho tse mafura) maboteng a ka hare a methapo ea methapo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ana ke lisosa tsa sclerosis tsa methapo ea mali, methapo ea methapo ea mokokotlo, le menyetla ea hore myocardial infarction e be teng.

Ke ka hona k'holeseterole ea LDL e bitsoang "e mpe." Litloaelo tsa LDL le VLDL li phahame - ke moo lisosa tsa maloetse a pelo le mala li atileng.

HDL (lipidrotein tse phahameng haholo) le tsona li tsamaisa cholesterol maling, empa kaha ke karolo ea HDL, ntho ena ha e nke karolo ho etseng lipopiso. Ebile, ketsahalo ea liprotheine tse etsang HDL ke ho tlosa cholesterol e ngata liseleng tsa 'mele. Ke tšobotsi ena e khethollang lebitso la k'holeseterole ena: "hantle."

Haeba litekanyetso tsa HDL (litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa methapo ea mali) maling a motho li phahame, menyetla ea lefu la pelo le methapo e ke ke ea latoloa. Triglycerides ke polelo e 'ngoe bakeng sa mafura. Mafura ke mohloli oa bohlokoa oa matla mme sena se tsotelloa ho HDL.

Karolong e 'ngoe, li-triglycerides li kena' meleng ka mafura hammoho le lijo. Haeba bongata ba lik'habohaedreite tse ngata, mafura le joala bo kena 'meleng, joale lik'halori li ka holimo ho tse tloaelehileng.

Tabeng ena, tlhahiso ea palo e eketsehileng ea triglycerides e qala, ho bolelang hore e ama HDL.

Li-triglycerides li tsamaisoa ka lisele ke lipoprotein tse tšoanang tse tsamaisang cholesterol. Ho na le khokahano e tobileng lipakeng tsa kotsi ea ho ba le mafu a pelo le li-triglycerides tse phahameng, haholo haeba HDL e ka tlase ho tloaelehileng.

Seo u lokelang ho se etsa

  1. Haeba ho khonahala, fokotsa lijo tse mafura lijong. Haeba khatello ea mafura ho matla a fanoeng ke lijo e fokotseha ho 30%, 'me karolo ea mafura a phetseng hantle e lula e le tlase ho 7%, phetoho e joalo e tla ba tlatsetso ea bohlokoa ho fihleleng tloaelo ea cholesterol ea mali. Ha ho hlokahale ho qhekella ka botlalo mafura lijong.
  2. Mafura le mafura a sitsoeng a lokela ho nkeloa sebaka ke polyunsaturated, mohlala, oli ea soya, oli ea mohloaare, safflower, sonobolomo, poone. Lijo tse nang le mafura a mafura a mangata li lokela ho fokotsoa hanyane. Ba phahamisa boemo ba LDL le VLDL bo phahametseng karolo efe kapa efe ea lijo. Liphoofolo tsohle, tse ling tsa meroho (oli ea palema le ea kokonate) le mafura a nang le hydrogen tse ngata haholo.
  3. Se ke oa ja lijo tse nang le mafura a trans. Ke karolo ea hydrogenated mme kotsi e ho tsona e phahame bakeng sa pelo ho feta ka mafura a tletse. Moetsi o bonts'a tlhaiso-leseling eohle mabapi le mafura ho sephutheloana sa sehlahisoa.

Bohlokoa! Khaotsa ho ja lijo tse nang le k'holeseterole. Ho fokotsa ho kenella ka "cholesterol" e mpe "(LDL le VLDL) 'meleng, ho lekane ho hana lijo tse mafura (haholo-holo mafura a nang le lijo tse ngata).

Ho seng joalo, LDL e tla phahama haholo ho feta e tloaelehileng.

Lihlahisoa tseo cholesterol e phahamisitsoeng:

  • mahe
  • lebese lohle;
  • crustaceans;
  • mollusks;
  • litho tsa liphoofolo, haholo-holo sebete.

Tshekatsheko e tiisa hore ho theola cholesterol ho thusa ho sebelisoa ha fiber.

Mehloli ea fiber ea limela:

  1. lihoete;
  2. pears
  3. liapole
  4. peas
  5. linaoa tse omisitsoeng;
  6. harese;
  7. oats.

Ho bohlokoa ho tlosa liponto tse eketsehileng 'meleng haeba boima bo phahame haholo ho feta bo tloaelehileng. Ke ho batho ba nang le botenya moo cholesterol e atisang ho phahamisoa hangata. Haeba u leka ho lahleheloa ke 5-10 kg, sena se tla ba le phello e kholo letšoao la cholesterol mme o tsamaise kalafo, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe tlhahlobo ea mali.

Lekola se kahare ho eona ho tla thusa sesebelisoa sa ho lekanya cholesterol.

Ho ikoetlisa le hona ho bohlokoa. E bapala karolo e kholo ho boloka pelo e sebetsa hantle. Ho etsa sena, o ka qala ho matha, ho palama baesekele, ho nka peeletso ho letamong la ho sesa. Kamora ho qala lithuto, tlhahlobo efe kapa efe ea mali e tla bontša hore cholesterol ha e sa phahamisoa.

Le ntho ea mantlha e ka nyolohelang litepising (tse holimo hamolemonyana) le ho lema li tla ba le phello e ntle ho 'mele oohle mme haholoholo ho theola cholesterol.

Ho tsuba ho lokela ho tlohelloa hang. Ntle le taba ea hore temallo e lematsa pelo le methapo ea mali, e boetse e phahamisa litekanyetso tsa cholesterol ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Kamora lilemo tse 20 le ho feta, tlhahlobo ea litekanyetso tsa cholesterol e lokela ho nkuoa bonyane hanngoe ka lilemo tse 5.

Ts'ebetso e etsoa joang

Pale ea lipoprotein (seo ho thoeng ke tlhahlobo) ke tekanyo ea khoholeho ea cholesterol e felletseng, HDL (lipalo tse phahameng tsa methapo ea kutlo), LDL, VLDL le triglycerides.

Ho etsa hore lintlha li be le sepheo, tlhahlobo e lokela ho etsoa ka mpa e se nang letho. Ka lilemo, sekhahla sa cholesterol sea fetoha, sekhahla se tla eketseha boemong bofe kapa bofe.

Ts'ebetso ena e bonahala haholo ho basali nakong ea ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli. Ntle le moo, ho na le tloaelo ea lefutso ea hypercholesterolemia.

Ka hona, ha ho utloe bohloko ho botsa beng ka bona ka matšoao a k'holeseterole (haeba tlhahlobo e joalo e entsoe), ho fumana hore na matšoao ohle a kaholimo ho tloaelo.

Phekolo

Haeba boemo ba cholesterol maling bo nyolohile, hona ke ntho e khothalletsang nts'etsopele ea mafu a pelo le pelo. Kahoo, ho fihlela ho fokotseha hoa letšoao lena ho mokuli le ho fana ka kalafo e nepahetseng, ngaka e lokela ho nahanela mabaka ohle, a kenyeletsang:

  • khatello ea mali e phahameng;
  • ho tsuba
  • ho ba teng ha lefu la pelo ho beng ka motho ea haufi;
  • lilemo tsa mokuli (banna ka mor'a 45, basali kamora lilemo tse 55);
  • HDL e fokotsehile (≤ 40).

Bakuli ba bang ba tla hloka kalafo ea bongaka, ke hore, ho beoa ha lithethefatsi tse fokotsang lipids tsa mali. Empa le ha u sebelisa meriana, motho ha aa lokela ho lebala ka ho sheba lijo tse nepahetseng le ho ikoetlisa.

Kajeno, ho na le mefuta eohle ea lithethefatsi tse thusang ho boloka metabolism e nepahetseng ea lipid. Phekolo e lekaneng e tla khethoa ke ngaka - endocrinologist.

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