Matšoao le kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2

Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere ke lefu le atileng ka ho fetisisa le bakoang ke mathata a endocrine. E hlaha ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha maikutlo a li-cellular receptor ho ea ho hormone e hlophisitsoeng ke manyeme.

Pathology ha e sebelisoe kalafo mme e hloka ho khomarela lijo nako eohle le ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse theolelang tsoekere ho boloka maemo a tsoekere a mali a le maemong a amohelehang.

Sehlopha sa 2 lefu la tsoekere

Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea sah. lefu la tsoekere:

1. Latent - boemo ba lefu la tsoekere ho batho ba kotsing ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu lena. Mothating ona, matšoao a kliniki le a laboratori ea pathology ha a eo.
2. E patiloe - liphetoho tse nyane tsoekere ea mali li bonoa. Matšoao a lefu la tsoekere ha a hlahe, empa sethala sa lero la plasma kamora ho ja se fokotseha butle ho feta se tloaelehileng.
3. E hlakotsoe - Matšoao a ts'oaetso a lefu la tsoekere a bonoa. Matšoao a tsoekere ho moroto le mali a feta tekanyo e lumellehang.

Lefu lena le ka hlaha ka mefuta e fapaneng ea boima:

1. Kereiting ea 1, matšoao a lefu la tsoekere ha a bonoe. Glucose ea mali e eketsehile hanyane, tsoekere ho moroto ha e eo.
2. Ka li-degree tsa 2 tsa pontšo ea lefu lena, li se li bonahala haholo. Tsoekere e fumanoa moriring, 'me tsoekere e nyoloha maling maling a fetang 10 mmol / L.
3. Tekanyo ea boraro ea lefu la tsoekere ke eona e matla ka ho fetisisa. Boleng ba "glucose" plasma le mkojo oa mali bo feta lipalo tse mahlonoko, 'me matšoao a nts'etsopele ea komello ea hyperglycemic a bonoa. Tabeng ena, lithethefatsi tse fokotsang tsoekere le liente tsa insulin lia hlokahala.

Mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa lefu la tsoekere o kotsi bakeng sa mathata a lona.

Ho ba le tsoekere e ngata maling a mali ho baka tšenyo tsamaisong ea methapo le liseleng tse ka hare, e leng se lebisang khothong ea li-pathologies tse joalo.

1. Atherosclerosis. Tsoekere e ngata e baka phetoho sebopeho le thepa ea mali le sebopeho sa li-cholesterol plaque marakong a methapo ea mali.
2. Retinopathy. Ka lebaka la tlolo ea phepelo ea mali, edema ea retinal e etsahala, 'me ka nako le ho senyeha ha eona. Sena se lebisa khōlong ea bofofu.
3. Nephropathy. Liphetoho tsa Vascular ke sesosa sa phepo e sa lekaneng ea liphio, e sitisang tšebetso ea tsona ea ho pepeta le ho sefa le ho kenya letsoho ho theheng ho se sebetse ha liphio.
4. Pathology e baka ho fokotseha hoa ts'ireletso ea 'mele, e bakang tšekamelo ea mafu a tšoaetsanoang.
5. Ho phalla ha mali butle ho lebisa ho bolaeeng ha moea oa pelo, bokong, ho baka ts'abo ea methapo ea kutlo lithong. Sena sohle se halefisa nts'etsopele ea ischemia, khatello ea mali, stroke le lefu la pelo.
6. Coma. Puseletso e sa lekaneng ea tsoekere e phahameng e lebisa ho kholo ea eona e matla le ho hlaha ha motsoako o kotsi - hyperglycemic coma. Maemong ana, ho haella ha thuso ea nako ho ka lebisa lefung.

Lisosa tsa lefu lena

Pathogenesis ea mofuta oa 2 mellitus ea lefu la tsoekere ke ho fokotsa kutloisiso ea li-cell receptors ho insulin. 'Mele ha o na khaello ea li-hormone, empa ts'ebetso ea insulin ha e na matla, lisele tsa eona ha li lemohe ebile ha li arabele. Kahoo, tsoekere e ke ke ea kenella ka har'a lisele, 'me khatello ea eona maling e ea eketseha.

Ho fapana le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, lefu la mofuta oa 2 le etsoa ho batho ba baholo kamora lilemo tse 35, empa le lona ha le phekolehe. Ke maemong ana feela moo ho sa hlokeng kalafo ea insulin, 'me ho hlokahala lithethefatsi tse fokotsang tsoekere le ho ja lijo tse matla, ka hona mofuta ona oa lefu la tsoekere o bitsoa o sa itšetleheng ka insulin.

Etiology ea mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere ha e e-so utloisisoe ka botlalo.

Sehlopha sa kotsi se kenyeletsa batho ba nang le lintlha tse latelang boteng ba bona:

• likhahla tse fapaneng tsa botenya;
• bokamoso bo futsitsoeng;
• tšebeliso ea nako e telele ea meriana e meng (diuretics, lihormone, corticosteroids);
• mafu a tšoaetsanoang;
• nako ea ho ba le ngoana;
• lefu la sebete la sebete;
• mathata a endocrine;
• ho ikoetlisa ka tekanyo e tlase;
• tlhekefetso ea lipompong le lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse potlakileng;
• tloaelo ea ho ja lijo tse nang le khalori e tlaase;
• maemo a sithabetsang a nako e telele;
• joala le tahi ea nikotine;
• khatello ea mali
• morabe le bong ho basali li fumanoa li na le mafu hangata ho feta ho banna, le ho baemeli ba morabe o motšo hangata ho feta ho batho ba Europe.

Matšoao a lefu la kelello

Boloetse bo hlaha ka nako e telele ntle le ho bonts'a matšoao a bohlokoa, a thibelang ts'oaetso ea lefu la methapo mohato oa pele oa ho etsoa.

Nakong e tlang, o ka ela hloko matšoao a latelang:

• lenyora le sa feleng le takatso e matla ea lijo;
• ho ruruha khafetsa le ho tsoa ha bongata bo boholo ba moroto;
• ho hlobaela le boroko ba motšehare;
• ho felloa ke matla, ho teneha;
• ho sitisoa hoa pono;
• ho fokotseha kapa ho eketseha ha boima ba 'mele;
• ho omisoa ha mucous membrous ea cavity ea molomo le letlalo;
• maikutlo a ho hlohlona;
• ho fufuleloa ho eketsehileng, haholo bosiu;
• tloaelo ea mafu a tšoaetsanoang;
• ponahalo ea lekhopho hape ho thata ho folisa liso tsa letlalo;
• mafu a ho hema molomong;
• botenya ba maoto le matsoho;
• ho opeloa ke hlooho le ho nyekeloa ke pelo.

Ts'oaetso

Ts'oaetso e qala ka ho bokella data ea bophelo ba mokuli. Ngaka e thabela litletlebo tsa mokuli, mekhoa e fetileng le e tsamaeang le eona, mekhoa ea bophelo le litloaelo tsa bona, hammoho le linyeoe tsa lefu la tsoekere ho beng ka bona ba haufi. Ho etsoa tlhahlobo ea pono ea mokuli, ho baloa ha boemo ba botena le tekanyo ea khatello.

Mohato o latelang ke ho etsa liteko tsa tlhahlobo ea mafu:

1. Tlhahlobo ea moroto bakeng sa boteng ba 'mele oa ketone le tsoekere. Ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere, boemo ba glucose le acetone ka har'a moroto bo ntse bo eketseha.
2. Sampole ea mali ho tloha monoana ka mpeng e se nang letho ho khetholla maemo a tsoekere ea plasma. Tsoekere ka har'a khatello e kaholimo ho 6mmol / l e bontša nts'etsopele ea lefu lena.
3. Teko ea mamello ea glucose. Madi a nooa habeli. Lekhetlo la pele kamora ho qeta lihora tse 8 a itima lijo, 'me ea bobeli kamora lihora tse' maloa ka mor'a hore mokuli a fuoe tharollo ea tsoekere. Liphetho tsa boithuto ba bobeli, moo matšoao a fetang 11 mmol / l, a netefatsang tlhahlobo eo.
4. Teko ea dikahare tsa hemoglobin ea glycosylated.

Mekhoa ea kalafo

Boloetse bo bobebe ba lefu lena bo lumella ho boloka litekanyetso tsa tsoekere tse amohelehang ka lijo le keketseho ea tšebetso ea makoloi ea mokuli. Maemong a mangata, sena se lekane.

Haeba litholoana li ke ke tsa fihlela sephetho kapa keketseho e kholo ea tsoekere ea plasma e fuoa meriana.

Litokisetso

Phekolo e qala ka ts'ebeliso ea moriana o le mong, mme nakong e tlang, kalafo e kopaneng ea lithethefatsi e sebelisang lithethefatsi tse 'maloa e laetsoe. Maemong a mang, sebelisa phekolo ea insulin.

Ha ho phekoloa lefu la tsoekere, meriana e latelang e sebelisoa hangata haholo:

• li-activation tse susumetsang tsa li-hormone (Sitagliptin, Starlix);
• Metformin - sethethefatsi se eketsang kutloelo-bohloko ea li-receptor tsa cellular ho insulin;
• motsoako oa vithamine o nang le ascorbic acid, livithamini A, E le sehlopha B;
• lithethefatsi tse theolelang tsoekere (Siofor, Glucofage);
• lithethefatsi tse theolang sethibela sa tsoekere ka har'a urine le plasma ea mali, le ho khutlisetsa kutloisiso ea li-receptors (Rosiglitazone);
• litokisetso tsa sulfonylurea (glimepiride, chlorpropamide).

Phetoho ea phepo e nepahetseng

Ho fihlela sephetho, bakuli ba lokela ho tlohela lihlahisoa tse latelang:

• lijana tse nang le letsoai le lengata, linoko tse linoko le linoko tse ngata;
• nama e tsubelletsoeng, lihlahisoa tse halikiloeng le tse halikiloeng;
• Lihlahisoa tsa baking tse tsoang ho phofo ea koro, li-pastry le liswiti;
• soseji le bijoux ho mefuta e bonolo ea koro;
• lihlapi, nama le lihlahisoa tsa lebese tse nang le liperesente tse ngata tsa tse mafura;
• lisose tse monate le tse mafura;
• raese e tšoeu, semolina le mafura a liphoofolo;
• Tsoekere e tsoekere, lino tse tšetsoeng kofi, kofi e matla.

Lihlahisoa tse lokelang ho theha motheo oa lijo:

• raese e sootho, harese ea perela, buckwheat, durum koro ea koro;
• lijo-thollo tse felletseng le bohobe ba rye;
• litlama tse ncha, meroho le litholoana tse sa buuoeng;
• skim lebese le lihlahisoa tsa lebese le bolila;
• lijo tsa leoatleng, litlhapi tse halikiloeng le lihlahisoa tsa nama, nama ea mohope, khoho le mmutla;
• li-decoctions tsa litholoana le tee ntle le tsoekere e ekelitsoeng;
• oli ea limela, linate, linaoa le mahe.

Melao-motheo e latelang e lokela ho bonoa:

• lijana li entsoe haholo, li besitsoe ebile li apehoe;
• tsoekere e nkiloeng le linoko tse monate tsa tlhaho;
• Ho lokela ho ba le lijo tse tharo tse ka sehloohong le lijo tse peli ka letsatsi;
• likarolo ha lia lokela ho ba tse nyane - ha ua tšoanela ho ja ho feta, empa ha ua lokela ho ikutloa u lapile;
• nka li-vithamine tse ngata;
• kenyelletsa joala;
• ho ja mahe le litholoana khafetsa ho feta makhetlo a 'maloa ka beke;
• Pele u ja le ka mor'a ho ja, lekanya tsoekere ea mali a hau.

Lijo tsa phepo e nepahetseng li tla tlameha ho lateloa ho fihlela qetellong ea bophelo. Ho kopantsoe le ho ikoetlisa kamehla ka tsela e leka-lekaneng, ho ja ke ntlha ea bohlokoa kalafong ea tlhokomelo.

Ka lebaka la phepo e nepahetseng, o ka fokotsa boima ba 'mele, oa etsa hore khatello ea mali e fokotsehe mme oa thibela keketseho e kholo ea khatello ea tsoekere. Sena se tla boloka lefu lena tlas'a taolo le ho thibela mathata.

Puo ea video mabapi le phepo e nepahetseng ka lefu la tsoekere 2:

Litlhare tsa setso

Infusions le li-decoctions tsa limela tsa meriana li ka thusa tsoekere e tlase ea mali, empa mekhoa ea meriana ea setso e ka sebelisoa feela kamora tumellano le ngaka le ho kopantsoe le kalafo le lijo tse boletsoeng:

1. Peel 30 g ya ginger, inela hora ka metsing a batang mme o hlohlore. Tšela 250 ml ea metsi a phehiloeng ebe u ema lihora tse peli. Sefa 'me u hlapolle ka tee, ho nooa hoseng le mantsiboea.
2. Kopanya 0.5 tsp. lekhasi la bay, turmeric le lero la lekhala. Fana ka hora ea ho ema le ho ja metsotso e 30 pele ho lijo tsa hoseng le tsa mantsiboea.
3. Ka likhalase tse 4 tsa metsi, tšela 100 g ea artichoke e omisitsoeng ea Jerusalema. Tlisa ho pheha le ho belisa nako e ka etsang hora ka mocheso o tlase. Nka 50 di ml ka letsatsi.
4. Ka likopi tse 1.5 tsa metsi a belisitsoeng, lahlela likotoana tse 10 tsa makhasi a bay. Kamora ho pheha metsotso e ka bang 7, pheha lihora tse hlano. Sefa ebe u arola likhato tse tharo. Motho e mong le e mong o noella motšehare. Phomola libeke tse peli ebe u pheta.
5. Grind Buckwheat ho ba phofo le thispone kopanya le 100 di ml tsa kefir. Ema bosiu 'me u noe hoseng. Pheta pele u robala.
6. Grind halofo ea Lemon e kholo ka celery kapa motso oa parsley. Ho pepesa metsotso e 10 ho tloha motsotso oa ho pheha le ho ja khaba e kholo pele ho lijo tsa hoseng, lijo tsa mots'eare le lijo tsa mantsiboea.

DM 2 baneng

Pejana, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 e ne e le lefu la batho ba tsofetseng, empa hona joale lefu lena la kelello le ntse le eketseha bongoaneng.

Batsoali ba lokela ho ela hloko boiketlo ba ngoana 'me hang-hang ba ee ngakeng haeba ho bonahala matšoao a latelang:

• khothatso ea khafetsa ea ho noa le ho ea le eena hangata ho ea ntlung;
• ho tšoenyeha ha boroko le ho ferekana;
• ho tsitsipana hoa pelo;
• ho fufuleloa ho eketsehileng;
• mafu a meno le ho senyeha hoa pono;
• ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ka tšohanyetso kapa boima ba' mele;
• ho luma le ho akheha ka maoto le matsoho;
• ponahalo ea ho hlohlona;
• bofokoli ka kakaretso le mokhathala.

Lisosa tsa lefu la tsoekere bongoaneng li kenyeletsa:

• phepo ea maiketsetso;
• mathata a ho ja;
• tlhaho ea tlhaho;
• ho ikoetlisa ka tekanyo e tlase;
• lefu la tsoekere ho 'm'a ka nako ea kemolo;
• botenya
• mafu a tšoaetsanoang le vaerase.

Phekolo ea lefu lena ho bana e ipapisitse le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse fokotsang tsoekere, ho eketsa ho ikoetlisa le phetoho ea lijo ntle le lijo tse nang le tsoekere tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse ngata.

Ho tsoa mekhoa ea setso, o ka leka mekhoa e latelang:

• 1 tbsp. l kopanya asene ea apple cider ka 250 ml ea metsi mme u fe ngoana senoelo sa 50 di ml ka makhetlo a mangata;
• qhala kotara ea khalase ea soda ka 250 ml ea lebese le futhumetseng mme o fe ngoana letsatsi le leng le le leng;
• pepesa lero ho tsoa ho li-nodule tsa artichoke tsa peeled ebe u nka 100 ml hoseng, thapama le mantsiboea bakeng sa libeke tse 4.

Video e tsoang ho ngaka ea bana e tummeng ea Komarovsky mabapi le lefu la tsoekere ho bana:

Thibelo

Maemong a mangata, nts'etsopele ea lefu lena e ka thibeloa ka ho latela bophelo bo phetseng hantle.

Ho bohlokoa ho boloka melao-motheo e 'maloa:

• fana ka nako ea ho fana ka linako tsa maoto bakeng sa maoto a malelele kapa lipapali;
• laola boima ba hau, u qoba ho shebahala ka liponto tse eketsehileng;
• khomarela phepo e nepahetseng, ho ja lijo makhetlo a 5 ka letsatsi ka likarolo tse nyane, ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea tsoekere le lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse potlakileng;
• u se ke oa lebala ka metsi a hloekileng - nooa bonyane likhalase tse 6 letsatsi le leng le le leng;
• eketsa ho itšireletsa mafung ka ho nka li-protein tsa vithamine;
• inehela joala le bokhoba ba nikotine;
• Se ke oa inahana, u noe meriana feela joalokaha u laetsoe ke ngaka;
• likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse 6 ho etsa tlhahlobo e tloaelehileng;
• haeba matšoao a tšosang a fumanoa, ntle le tieho, etela ngaka.

Mehato ea thibelo e ka thibelang nts'etsopele ea lefu la tsoekere ha e hloke litšenyehelo ebile ha e bake mathata. Mme jwalo ka ha o tseba, lefu lena ho bonolo ho le thibela ho feta ho phekola. Ka hona, o lokela ho nka bophelo ba hau bo botle ka ho teba le ho thibela ho hlaha ha bokuli bo tebileng.