Lintho tse ngata tse sebetsang li ba teng 'meleng oa motho. Li ama lintho tsohle tse etsahalang ka har'a lisele le ntho e fapaneng.
Boithuto ba likhomphutha tse joalo, bao bongata ba bona bo leng sehlopheng sa lihormone, ha bo lumelle feela ho utloisisa mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea bona, empa hape le ho li sebelisa bakeng sa bongaka.
Pheko ea Hormone e fetohile mohlolo oa nnete ho bakuli ba bangata ba nang le mafu a ke keng a phekoloa ka mekhoa e meng. Sehlopha se tsebahalang haholo sa lithethefatsi tse joalo ke li-glucocorticoids, matšoao a ts'ebeliso ea tsona a loketseng makaleng a mangata a meriana.
Kakaretso ea thepa
Li-glucocorticosteroids ke metsoako e sebetsang ea bioloji e hlahisoang ke litšoelesa tsa limela tsa adrenal. Tsena li kenyelletsa cortisol, corticosterone le lihormone tse ling. Boholo ba tsona li tšeloa mali maling nakong ea maemo a sithabetsang, tahlehelo e matla ea mali kapa likotsi.
Ho ba le phello ea li-antishock, glucocorticosteroids e na le litlamorao tse latelang:
- eketsa khatello ea methapo ea methapo;
- eketsa kutloisiso ea marako a lisele tsa myocardial ho catecholamines;
- thibela tahlehelo ea sensitivity ea receptor ka catecholamine e phahameng;
- susumetsa tlhahiso ea lisele tsa mali;
- ho matlafatsa sebopeho sa tsoekere maling;
- kenya letsoho keketseho ea tsoekere ea mali;
- ho thibela ts'ebeliso ea tsoekere ke lithapo tse ka morao;
- matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea glycogen;
- ho thibela tšebetso ea liprotheine le ho potlakisa ho bola hoa tsona;
- matlafatsa tšebeliso ea mafura liseleng tsa lisele tse kenang;
- kenya letsoho ho bokelleng ha metsi, sodium le chlorine 'meleng, hammoho le tlhahiso ea calcium le potasiamo;
- ho thibela ho kulisoa ke lintho tse ling;
- ama ho hlaka hoa litho tsa 'mele ho lihormone tse fapaneng (adrenaline, lihormone tsa kholo, histamine, lihormone tsa methapo ea setho sa botšehali le thyroid);
- ba le matla a mangata tsamaisong ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung (inhibit tlhahiso le tšebetso ea lisele tse ling tsa ts'ireletso, empa li potlakisa ho etsoa hoa lisele tse ling tsa boits'ireletso);
- eketsa katleho ea ho sireletsa lithane ho radiation.
Lenane lena le lelelele la litlamorao tsa glucocotricoid li ka tsoelapele ka nako e telele. Ho ka etsahala hore hona ke karolo e nyane feela ea thepa ea bona.
E 'ngoe ea litlamorao tsa bohlokoahali tse bakang ts'ebeliso ea li-glucocorticoids ke phello e khahlanong le ho fokola.
Lintho tsena li thibela ho senyeha ha lisele le metsoako ea manyolo tlasa ts'usumetso ea ts'oaetso e matla ea ho ruruha ka ho sitisa ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme tse ikhethang.
Lihormone tsa Glucocorticosteroid li thibela sebopeho sa ho ruruha sebakeng sa ho ruruha, kaha li fokotsa ho ata ha lesapo la mokokotlo. Ba boetse ba baka ho theoa ha lintho tse ling ka litlamorao tse khahlanong le ho ruruha.
Matšoao a ts'ebeliso ea li-glucocorticoids
Matšoao a ts'ebeliso ea li-glucocorticoids a latelang:
- kalafo ea maloetse a adrenal (glucocorticoids e sebelisetsoa ho haelloa ke matla haholo, mofuta o sa foleng oa ho haella, congenital cortical hyperplasia), moo ba sa khoneng ho hlahisa ka botlalo (kapa esita le) ho hlahisa lihormone tse lekaneng;
- kalafo ea mafu a autoimmune (rheumatism, sarcoidosis) - e ipapisitse le bokhoni ba lihormone tsena tsa ho susumetsa ts'ebetso ea boits'ireletso, ho li hatella kapa ho li qala. Glucocorticoids e boetse e sebelisoa bakeng sa ramatiki;
- kalafo ea maloetse a urinary system, ho kenyelletsa le a tšoaetsang. Lihormone tsena li khona ho loana ka katleho le ts'oaetso e mabifi;
- glucocorticoids bakeng sa allerg e sebelisoa e le mahlahana a amang tlhahiso ea metsoako e sebetsang e hlahisang le ho ntlafatsa karabelo ea motho ka mong;
- kalafo ea maloetse a tsamaiso ea ho hema (glucocorticoids e laetsoe lefu la asthma ea bronchial, pneumocystic pneumonia, allergic rhinitis). Re lokela ho hlokomela hore lithethefatsi tse fapaneng li na le li-pharmacodynamics tse fapaneng. Lithethefatsi tse ling li sebetsa ka potlako, tse ling lia lieha. Mekhoa e nang le tšenyo ea nako e telele, ea nako e telele e ke ke ea sebelisoa haeba ho hlokahala ho imolla liponahatso tse mpe (mohlala, ka tlhaselo ea asthmatic);
- li-glucocorticoids ka har'a meno li sebelisoa kalafo ea pulpitis, periodontitis, liketsahalo tse ling tse fokolisang, hammoho le sebopeho sa litlatsetso tsa ho tlatsa le ho ba moemeli oa anti-shock bakeng sa litšitiso tsa anaphylactic tse bakoang ke lithethefatsi;
- kalafo ea mathata a dermatological, ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha ho dermis;
- kalafo ea mafu a ea gastrointestinal pampitsana. Pontšo ea ho khethoa ha li-glucocorticoids ke lefu la Crohn;
- Phekolo ea bakuli kamora ho tsoa likotsi (ho kenyeletsa morao) e bakiloe ke litlamorao tsa anti-shock, anti-inflammatory.
- e le karolo ea kalafo e rarahaneng - e nang le edema ea "cerebral".
Cortisone
Motheong oa lintho tsa sehlopha sa glucocorticosteroids, litokisetso tsa bongaka li entsoe ka mokhoa oa litlolo, matlapa, tharollo ka ampoules, lino tse tahiloeng:
- Cortisone;
- Prednisone;
- Dexamethasone;
- Hydrocortisone;
- Beclomethasone;
- Triamcinolone.
Litlamorao
Boholo ba litlamorao tse ntle tseo li-glucocorticoids li bakileng tšebeliso ea tsona e atileng ho tsa bongaka.
Phekolo ea Hormone e ne e sa sireletseha ho hang, e bonahala ka ho ba teng ha litlamorao tse ngata:
- ho senyeha ho boleng ba moriri le letlalo, ponahalo ea matšoao a otlolohileng, lihlooho tse ntšo;
- khōlo e matla ea moriri libakeng tsa 'mele tsa basali ho basali;
- ho fokotseha ha matla a vascular;
- ponahalo ea liphetoho tsa lihormone;
- ho tsosa ho tšoenyeha, psychosis;
- pono e fokotsehileng;
- tlolo ea metabolism ea metsi a letsoai.
Tšebeliso ea li-glucocorticoids e ka lebisa ho hlaheng ha maloetse a mangata:
- ulcer;
- lefu la tsoekere;
- botenya
- khatello ea mali
- boits'ireletso;
- dysmenorrhea.
Ho na le maemo ha glucocorticosteroids e baka kholo e potlakileng ea ts'oaetso, li-activation tsa causative tseo e neng e le 'meleng pele, empa li sena bokhoni ba ho ata haholo ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea boits'ireletso.
Litlamorao tse mpe ha li hlahisoe feela ke ts'ebeliso ea nako e telele ea li-glucocorticosteroids kapa litekanyetso tsa tsona tse ngata. Li boetse li bonoa ka ho felisoa ha lithethefatsi haholo, hobane kamora ho amohela li-analogue tsa lihormone, litšoelesa tsa adrenal li emisa ka botsona.
Kamora ho fela ha phekolo ea li-hormone, ponahatso ea:
- bofokoli;
- ponahalo ea bohloko ba mesifa;
- ho felloa ke takatso ea lijo;
- feberu;
- ho mpefala ha li-pathologies tse ling tse seng li ntse li le teng.
Tšusumetso e kotsi ka ho fetesisa e bakiloeng ke ho hlakoloa ke lihormone tse joalo ke ho se leka-lekane ho matla ha adrenal.
Letšoao la eona le ka sehloohong ke ho theoha ha khatello ea mali, matšoao a mang - mathata a tšilo ea lijo, a tsamaeang le bohloko, ho bolaoa ke sethoathoa.
Contraindication
Boholo ba litlamorao tse bakoang ke tsamaiso ea li-glucocorticosteroids le tsona li baka likhang tse ngata bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea tsona:
- mofuta o matla oa khatello ea mali;
- ho se sebetse hantle ho potoloha ha mali;
- boimana
- syphilis;
- lefuba
- lefu la tsoekere
- endocarditis;
- jade.
Ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse nang le li-glucocorticoids bakeng sa kalafo ea tšoaetso ha e lumelloe ntle le haeba ho fanoa ka ts'ireletso e eketsehileng ea 'mele nts'etsopele ea mafu a mang a tšoaetsanoang. Mohlala, ho kuta letlalo ka litlolo tsa glucocorticoid, motho o fokotsa ts'oaetso ea lehae mme o kotsing ea ho ba le mafu a fungal.
Livideo tse amanang
Mabapi le litla-morao tse ka bang teng tsa glucocorticosteroids ho video:
Glucocorticoids e hlile e lokeloa ke tlhokomelo e haufi le tumello ho lingaka, hobane li ka thusa maemong a joalo a fapa-fapaneng. Empa lithethefatsi tsa li-hormonal li hloka tlhokomelo e khethehileng ha ho nts'oa nako ea kalafo le litekanyetso. Ngaka e lokela ho tsebisa mokuli ka li-nuances tsohle tse ka hlahang ha u sebelisa li-glucocorticoids, hammoho le likotsi tse letetseng ka ho hana lithethefatsi ka matla.
