Lefu la tsoekere ke mofuta o tloaelehileng oa bophelo, 'me le ama batho ba ka bang 5% lefatšeng ka bophara. Ka lefu, khatello ea mali maling a motho e eketseha, e amang boemo ba tsamaiso ea potoloho ea mali, ho kenyelletsa le methapo ea mahlo.
Ho hlōleha ha retina ho hyperglycemia ho bitsoa ke lingaka e le lefu la tsoekere, ho kula ke hona ho etsang hore motho a lahleheloe ke pono, a sebetse le ho foufala ka botlalo. Ka nts'etsopele ea lefu lena, lilemo tsa mokuli li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa, ha lefu la tsoekere le fumanoa pele ho lilemo tse 30, menyetla ea retinopathy e eketseha ho theosa le lilemo. Kamora lilemo tse 10, lefu la tsoekere le tla ba le mathata a pono ka monyetla oa 50%, kamora lilemo tse 20, kotsi ea retinopathy e fihla ho 75%.
Haeba lefu la tsoekere le fumanoa ho motho ea lilemo tse ka holimonyana ho 30, lefu la hae la mahlo le hlaha ka potlako, ho hoo e ka bang 80% ea bofofu ba bakuli le hlaha lilemo tse 5-7 kamora hore lefu la tsoekere le netefatsoe. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ha ho na phapang ea hore na motho o kula le lefu la mofuta oa metabolic, retinopathy le eona e ama lefu la tsoekere mofuteng oa pele le oa bobeli oa lefu lena.
Mothati oa lefu la tsoekere:
- ea pele (sebopeho sa li-hemorrhages tse nyane, edema ea retinal, micaneurysms e bonoa);
- ea bobeli (mahlaba a sa tloaelehang, ho hlaha lisele tse kholo);
- ea boraro (e hlahisoang ke ho ruruha ho tebileng 'meleng oa vitreous, boteng ba lisele tsa fibrous, neoplasms ka har'a lijana tsa "optic disc".
Haeba o sa emise lefu lena mokhahlelong oa pele, lefu la tsoekere le fana ka mathata.
Tlhophiso ea lefu la tsoekere la Retinopathy
Retinopathy ho lefu la tsoekere e hlaha ka mekhahlelo e 'maloa, mohato oa pele o bitsoa retinopathy e sa feteng lefu la tsoekere. Boemo bona bo tšoauoa ka ho ba teng ha li-micaneurysms, li baka ho phahama ha methapo ea methapo, ho supa hemorrhages mahlong.
Manonyeletso a sefahleho a bonoa ke matheba a lefifi a sebopeho se chitja. Ntle le moo, likarolo tsa ischemic, ho ruruha ha membrane ea mucous, nts'etsopele ea retina, boteng ba methapo le ho eketseha ha fragility.
Plasma ea mali e kena kahara retina ka marako aotiloeng a methapo ea mali, e bakang edema. Ha karolo e bohareng ea retina e kenella ts'ebetsong ea methapo ea methapo, mokuli o hlokomela ho fokotseha ka potlako ho boleng ba pono.
Re lokela ho hlokomela hore foromo ena:
- e ka hlaha karolong efe kapa efe ea lefu la tsoekere;
- e emela mohato oa pele oa retinopathy.
Ntle le kalafo e lekaneng, lefu lena le tsoela pele ho fihlela mohato oa bobeli ha nako e ntse e tsamaea.
Prproliferative diabetesic retinopathy ke mohato o latelang oa lefu lena, o tsamaea le mathata a ho potoloha ka har'a mokokotlo. Ka lebaka leo, ho na le khaello ea oksijene, e leng ischemia le tlala ea oksijene.
Ho a khonahala ho khutlisetsa botsitso ba oksijene ka lebaka la ho theoa ha likepe tse ncha; ts'ebetso ena e bitsoa neovascularization. Li-neoplasms li senyehile, li tsoa mali ka mafolofolo, mali a kenella kahare ho karolo ea "retina" mmele o matla.
Ha bothata bo ntse bo mpefala, motho ea nang le lefu la tsoekere o tla hlokomela ho fifala ha lintho ha a ntse a fokotseha ka mokhoa o hlakileng. Mehato ea morao-rao ea lefu lena ka ho hola ha methapo e mengata ea mali ka nako e telele, lisele tsa letlalo e tla ba ntho ea pele:
- retinal detachment;
- ho qala ha lefu la glaucoma.
Sesosa sa lefu la tsoekere retinopathy ke ho haella ha insulin, e bakang ho bokellana ha sorbitol, fructose.
Ka bongata bo feteletseng ba lintho tsena, keketseho ea khatello ea mali, leqhubu la mabota a li-capillary, le ho fokotseha hoa khanya ho tsona li hlokomeleha.
Matšoao a lefu la tsoekere, retinopathy
Pathogenesis ea lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy le matšoao a lona li its'epahalla boteng ba lefu lena, hangata batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba tletleba ka mekoloko e lefifi kapa bohareng ba mahlo, pono e lerootho, bofofu ba nako le nako. Taba ea bohlokoa ke hore boleng ba pono bo itšetlehile ka ho kenella ha tsoekere maling.
Qalong ea lefu lena, litšitiso tse bonahalang ha li bonahale ho mokuli; bothata bo ka fumanoa feela nakong ea tlhahlobo. Mokuli e mong le e mong ea nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa pele le oa bobeli o lokela ho lula a le tlasa taolo le taolo ea ngaka e eang teng, haholoholo ke endocrinologist, ophthalmologist le psychapist.
Ho fumanoa ha retinopathy ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ho etsoa ho latela:
- ho tletlebo ea mamello ea boleng bo fokotsehileng ba pono;
- tlhatlhobo ea fundus e nang le ophthalmoscope.
Ts'ebetso ea ophthalmoscopy e etsa hore ho khonehe ho khetholla ho ba teng ha liphetoho tsa pathological ho fundus. Tlhahlobo e khethollang e thusa ho khetholla lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy le mathata a mang a mahlo.
Lithuto tse ling tsa ophthalmological ke boikemisetso ba khatello ea methapo, biomicroscopy ea litho tsa ka ntle tsa pono. Ho nka lifoto tsa fundus ho boetse ho bontšoa, ho hlokahala hore ho hatisoe liphetoho mahlong. Ntle le moo, ngaka e fana ka taelo ea fluorescence angiography ho tseba hore na ho na le likepe tse ncha tse etsang mokelikeli oa mali le tse halefisang.
U sebelisa lebone le bolokiloeng, ho ntse ho etsoa lipatlisiso - lens biomicroscopy, hore na ke eng, e ka baloa inthaneteng.
Phekolo ka litlhare tsa setso, litlatsetso tsa ho ja
Lefu la tsoekere le retinopathy le lona le phekoloa ka mekhoa e meng, bakuli ba bang ba fuoa mokhoa oa ho tlatsana le lijo. Hona joale lishelefong tsa meriana ea litlama ho na le litlatsetso tse ngata tsa phepo ea tlhahiso ea lapeng. Glucosil e kanna ea ba lithethefatsi tse joalo, e tlameha ho taoa makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi nakong ea lijo, nako ea kalafo e tsoa ho likhoeli tse tharo. E le karolo ea lithethefatsi, li-extracts tsa limela tsa kalafo, lintlha tsa mohlala, bioadditive e ntlafatsa monko oa tsoekere.
Matšoao a lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy a tšoaroa ke phytosarves Arfazetin, Sadifit. Grama e le 'ngoe ea meriana e na le 0,2 g ea makhasi a stevia, makhasi a linaoa, letlobo la blueberry, motso oa Jerusalema le artichoke hammoho le 0.15 g ea tee e tala, 0,05 g ea peppermint. Fitosbor tšela 300 ml ea metsi a belang, thatela ka thaole ebe u tsitlella metsotso e 60. Nka infusion makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi ka halofo ea khalase, ho khothalletsoa ho nka thupelo e felletseng - matsatsi a 20-30.
Haeba mokuli a e-na le prinopathy e sa eketseheng, o fuoa Arfazetin, setlhare se na le chamomile ea moriana, joang ba St. John, wort, monokotšoai o tsoileng taolong, lebala la li-browneberry, makhasi a linaoa le makhapetla a chokeberry. Hoa hlokahala ho tšela li-skets tse peli tsa sehlahisoa ka metsi a belang, e futhumale makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi pele ho lijo. Nako ea kalafo ke khoeli e le 'ngoe.
Ha ho ata ka mokhoa oa exudation, pokello e fapaneng e tla sebetsa, ho hlokahala hore e lekane ka bongata bo lekanang:
- makhapetla a makhapetla le a manyoka;
- burdock motso;
- makhasi a peppermint;
- makhasi a lingonberry;
- Birch
- bebele.
Moetso o boetse o kenyelletsa nettle, knotweed, makhasi a linaoa, amaranth, Jerusalema artichoke, joang ba lipoli .. thispone ea pokello e tšeloa ka 500 ml ea metsi a belang, a ts'eloe hora, ho hloekisoa, ho nooa ka halofo ea khalase makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi.
Nako ea phekolo ke likhoeli tse 3.
Phekolo ea lefu la tsoekere la Retinopathy
Phekolo ea lefu la retinopathy ho lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 ho latela boteng ba lefu lena, hape e kenyelletsa mekhoa e mengata ea kalafo. Qalong ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea methapo, ho na le lebaka le utloahalang la ho ba le mokhoa oa phekolo, ho fanoa ka moriana oa nako e telele ho fokotsa ho fokola ha "capillaries". Angioprotectors e khothalletsoang: Predian, Ditsinon, Doksium, Parmidin. Ho tlameha ho boloka sekhahla se tloaelehileng sa tsoekere maling.
Bakeng sa thibelo le kalafo ea mathata a mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere methapong ea mali, le lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy, Sulodexide ea lithethefatsi e lokela ho sebelisoa. Ntle le moo, li-ascorbic acid, vithamine E, P, li-antioxidants tse entsoeng motheong oa tlhahlobo ea tlhaho ea "blueberry", beta-carotene lia nkuoa. Moriana oa Styx o ipakile, o sebetsana le ho matlafatsoa ha marako a methapo, ts'ireletso khahlanong le litlamorao tse mpe tsa radicals ea mahala, le ho ntlafatsa mahlo. Ka linako tse ling hoa hlokahala ho fana ka ente ka leihlong.
Ha ts'oaetso ea lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy e senola liphetoho tse kotsi le tse mpe, ho thehoa ha methapo e mecha ea mali, ho ruruha ha karolo e bohareng ea retina, le hemorrhage ho eona, ho hlokahala ho qala kalafo ea laser kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang. Haeba lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy le tšoauoa ka thupelo e mpe, ho bontšoa ho buuoa ka mpeng.
Diabetesic maculopathy, ha karolo e bohareng ea retina e ruruha, sebopeho se secha sa mali a tsoang mali, se kenyelletsa laser retinal coagulation. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, borashe ba laser bo kenella libakeng tse amehileng ntle le ts'ebetso ka:
- lense;
- mmele o moholo;
- cornea;
- kh'amera e ka pele.
Ka lebaka la laser, ho ka khoneha ho kopanya libaka tse ka thoko ho pono ea bohareng, tse felisang monyetla oa tlala ea oksijene. Maemong ana, ts'ebetso e thusa ho senya ts'ebetso ea ischemic ho retina, methapo e mecha ea mali e khaotsa ho hlaha ho mokuli. Ho sebelisa theknoloji ena ho tlosa likepe tse seng li ntse li le teng tsa pathological, ka hona ho fokotsa ho ruruha, leihlo ha le shebahale le le khubelu.
Ho ka phethoa hore sepheo sa mantlha sa ho fetoha ha methapo ea methapo ea kutlo ke ho thibela tsoelopele ea matšoao a lefu la tsoekere. Ho ka etsahala ho fihlela sepheo ka mekhahlelo e 'maloa, e etsoa ka nako ea matsatsi a' maloa, nako ea ts'ebetso e ka ba metsotso e 3040. Bakhachane ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ha baa lokela ho latela likhoeli tse peli pele ho DA.
Nakong ea seboka sa khalemelo ea laser, bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere hangata ba utloa bohloko, e leng se bakoang ke tšebeliso ea meriana ea bohloko ea lehae. Likhoeli tse 'maloa ka mor'a ho qeta kalafo, ho hlokahala fluorescence angiography ho bona boemo ba retina. Ntle le moo, moriana o lokela ho laeloa, marotholi a marotholi.
Phekolo ea lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy le cryocoagulation hangata e etsoa ha mokuli:
- ho na le liphetoho tse kholo ho fundus;
- e senotse li-hemorrhage tse ngata tse ncha;
- boteng ba likepe tse sa tsoa etsoa.
Hape, ts'ebetso e hlokahala haeba ho sa khonehe ho etsa laser coagulation le vitibleomy (joalo ka foto).
Lefu la tsoekere le fetolang kalafo ea tsoekere le bontšoa ke hemorrhage ea vitreous, haeba e sa rarolle, ngaka e fana ka lengolo le nepahetseng. Ho molemo ho etsa ts'ebetsong methapong ea pele ea lefu lena, ha ba sa rarahane. Hona joale menyetla ea ho ba le bothata ba lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 ha e ea fokola. Ts'ebetso e ka etsoa ho bana, ngoana o ikemiselitse mokhoa esale pele.
Nakong ea kalafo, ngaka e buoang e tlosa vitreous, e bokella mali, e e nkela oli ea silicone kapa saline. Maqeba a bakang ho phatloha le ho phatloha hoa mmele hape:
- qhekella;
- Koena le laser
Ka kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy, ho tloaelehileng ha metabolism ea carbohydrate ha se sebaka sa ho qetela, hobane hyperglycemia e sa lefelloeng e baka kholo le ho eketseha ha retinopathy. Matšoao a tsoekere e phahameng ea mali a tlameha ho felisoa ka litlhare tse ikhethileng tse khahlanong le lefu la tsoekere. U boetse u hloka ho lekola lijo tsa hau, ho latela lijo tse nang le carb e tlase le lithethefatsi tsa lepato.
Diabetesic retinopathy syndrome e phekoloa ke setsebi sa masapo a mahlo le endocrinologist. Ntle le hore ho ka etsahala ho khetholla lefu lena ka nako, ho atamela kalafo ka botlalo, ho na le menyetla ea 'nete ea ho phekola lefu lena, ho boloka pono ka botlalo, ho khutlisa bophelo bo felletseng le ts'ebetso.
Mehato ea thibelo, mathata a ka bang teng
Thibelo ea lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy e kenyelletsa ho boloka glycemia e tloaelehileng, matšeliso a nepahetseng a metabolism ea carbohydrate, ho boloka khatello ea mali le ho fetola metabolism ea mafura. Mehato ena e ka fokotsa kotsi ea mathata a tsoang liphoofolong tsa pono.
Phepo e nepahetseng, ho ikoetlisa ka tsela e leka-lekaneng ho tsoekere ho ama boemo ba mokuli ka kakaretso. Prophylaxis ea nako e nepahetseng ea lefu la tsoekere le atileng ka nako ea lefu la tsoekere ha le na thuso. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la taba ea hore likhathatso tsa pono ha li fane ka matšoao qalong ea lefu la mahlo, bakuli ba batla thuso ea bongaka ha feela ba na le:
- hemorrhage e ngata;
- liphetoho tsa pathological karolong e bohareng ea leihlo.
Mathata a mantlha ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ke lefu la ho hlohlona kapa ho choachoasela ka mokokotlong. Maemo a joalo a hloka kalafo e qobelloang.
Hangata, ntle le kalafo e matlafatsang ea lefu la tsoekere, ho khothalletsoa ho ea ngakeng ea litlama. Litokisetso tse thehiloeng ho Ginkgo biloba li bonts'itsoe, e 'ngoe ea lithethefatsi tse joalo ke Tanakan. Moriana o lokela ho nooa letlapa le le leng makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi, nako ea kalafo ke bonyane likhoeli tse 3.
Diabetes retinopathy e tšoaroa ka sethethefatsi se seng - Neurostrong, e entsoe ka likarolo:
- monokotšoai oa blueberry;
- lecithin;
- Li-vithamine tsa B;
- ginkgo biloba.
Moriana ona o thusa ho ntlafatsa tšilafalo ea oksijene, o fokotsa menyetla ea ho ba le thrombosis le hemorrhage ea retinal. Hoa hlokahala ho nka moriana makhetlo a 3-4 ka letsatsi.
Lefu la tsoekere la retinopathy la sethala sa pele le alafshoa le Dibicor, ho hlokahala hore u noe moriana ona ka makhetlo a 0.5 g makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, ho nka kalafo metsotso e 20 pele u ja. Nako ea kalafo ka likhoeli tse tseletseng, moriana o ntlafatsa mekhoa ea metabolic, o thusa ho eketsa phepelo ea matla ea lisele tsa mahlo ka bobeli.
Ho na le litlhare tse ling tse entsoeng motheong oa lebese la khomo, meriana e joalo e eketsa ho itšireletsa mafung. Noa lithethefatsi makhetlo a mabeli makhetlo a 3-4 ka letsatsi ka likhoeli tse tšeletseng. O ka fumana meriana e tšoanang ka mokhoa oa marotholi ka leihlong.
Bakeng sa tlhahlobo, o lokela ho ikopanya le ofisi ea lefu la tsoekere, ngaka e tla u joetsa hore na retinopathy ke eng, le hore proliferative diabetesic retinopathy e tla ama boemo ba bophelo, hore na u lokela ho etsa eng hore u se ke oa foufala.
Tlhahisoleseling mabapi le lefu la tsoekere le lefu la tsoekere e fanoa videong ena.
