Ka tlolo ea tlhahiso ea "insulin" makhophong kapa nts'etsopele ea ho hanyetsa li-receptor lisalemong ho isa insulin, lefu la tsoekere lea hlaha.
Keketseho ea tsoekere ea mali ho lefu la tsoekere e baka pherekano tšebetsong ea litho, e hlokang kalafo e tlamang. Mokhoa oa ho phekola lefu la tsoekere le mokhoa oa ho phekola lefu la tsoekere o khethoa ke mofuta oa lefu le karabelo ea motho ka mong litlhare.
Ka tekanyetso e khethiloeng ea lithethefatsi, e sa lumellaneng le lijo, bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba tšosoa ka nts'etsopele ea mathata a tebileng kapa a bolaeang.
Type 1 lefu la tsoekere
Mofuta oa 1 oa lefu la tsoekere oa hlaha ka ho felisoa ha lisele tsa "pancreatic" tse hlahisang insulin. Sena se etsahala maemong a autoimmune, vaerase kapa lefutso.
Meleng, litekanyetso tsa "insulin" lia fokotseha 'me tsoekere e ke ke ea ananeloa ke lisele. Tlas'a maemo a joalo, tlala ea litho le litsamaiso lia etsahala. Bofokoli bo ikhethileng ka ho fetisisa khaellong ea phepo e nepahetseng ke boko le tsamaiso ea pelo. Ntle le insulin, bakuli ba joalo ba sokeloa ka ho akheha.
Ka hona, kalafo ea mantlha ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 ke mofuta o mong oa kalafo. Motsoako feela o ka phekoloang ka lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 ke insulin. Maemong ana, o hloka ho loanela mofuta o joalo oa moriana e le hore o boele o phete ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang o tšoanang le mofuta oa tlhaho oa tokollo.
Bakeng sa morero ona, litokisetso tsa insulin tsa motho li sebelisoa, tse fumanoang ke boenjiniere ba liphatsa tsa lefutso. Ka nako ea ts'ebetso, insulin tsohle li ka aroloa:
- Ketso e khutšoane.
- Ketso e telele, kapa ea nako e telele.
- E kopantsoe.
Li-insulin tse nkang nako e khuts'oane li tšoana le ho ntšoa ha hae kamora ho ja. Li thusa ho theha lik'habohaedreite tse nooang le lijo.
Li-insulin tse telele li boloka maemo a glucose pakeng tsa lijo, ho kenyelletsa le bosiu.
Lithethefatsi tse kopaneng li na le likarolo tsa likarolo tse peli - tse khutšoane le tse telele.
Pele o phekoloa lefu la tsoekere le insulin, mokuli o lokela ho tseba molao: nakong ea kalafo ka sethethefatsi sena, ho lekola khafetsa boemo ba tsoekere ea mali le boikemisetso ba boemo ba boemo ba glycemic boa hlokahala.
Ho laola nako ea lefu la tsoekere, ho hlahlojoa ha hemoglobin ea glycated le tlhahlobo ea mali e nang le biochemical e nang le lintlha tse qaqileng tsa lipid (karolelano ea mafura ho cholesterol) le tsona lia etsoa.
E le ho tseba hore na tekanyo e khethiloe ka nepo, ngaka e eang e shebisisa matšoao a joalo:
- Ho fepa tsoekere e maling maling (mmol / l) ho tloha 5.1 ho isa 6.5; kamora ho ja, kamora lihora tse peli, 7.6-9; pele o robala 6-7.5.
- Glycated hemoglobin 6.2 -7,5%.
- Kakaretso ea k'holeseterole e fihlang ho 4,8 mmol / l, mafura a manyane a tlase - ho fihlela ho 3, phahameng - ho feta 1,2.
- Khatello ea mali hoo e ka bang 135/85 mm Hg
Phekolo ea insulin e sebelisoa e le ente ea insulin ea letsatsi le letsatsi ka pente kapa pene e khethehileng, hammoho le pompo ea insulin.
Pompo e laola ho phalla ha insulin ho latela tlhoko ea eona.
Bahatisi ba lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2
Bakeng sa kalafo ea bakuli ba mofuta oa bobeli oa lefu la tsoekere, insulin hangata ha e sebelisoe. Kantle ho eona e ka ba linyeoe tsa likotsi, ts'ebetso ea ho buoa kapa ho nts'etsopele ea mathata a maholo.
Lipilisi tsohle tse sebelisetsoang ho theola tsoekere e maling li arotsoe ke ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ho:
- Ho eketseha ha sensulin.
- Ho susumetsa tlhahiso ea insulin.
- Ho hlohlelletsa tlhahiso ea lihormone tse eketsang tokollo ea insulin.
- Drug acarbose (Glucobai), e sitisang ho monya ha tsoekere e ngata ka mpeng.
- Litokisetso tse fokotsang ho hanyetsa insulin li kenyelletsa metformin (Siofor, Glucofage le li-analogu tse ling) le pioglitazone (Actos, Pioglar). Ena ke sehlopha se tšepisang haholo lithethefatsi, ts'ebeliso ea tsona e ntlafatsa metabolism ea mafura, e fokotsa kotsi ea ho hlaseloa ke pelo le mathata a lefu la tsoekere. Tabeng ena, hangata hypoglycemia e hlaha. Contraindified haeba ho na le bothata ba ho se sebetse hantle ha sebete le meno.
- Lithethefatsi tse khothalletsoang ho ntša insulin li sebetsa ka potlako, li sebelisoa lijong tse sa tloaelehang. Empa lefu la tsoekere, leo pele le neng le phekoloa haholo le sehlopha sena sa lithethefatsi, hangata le tsamaisana le hypoglycemia le ketoacidosis. Sena se bakoa ke taba ea hore meriana e joalo e baka tšenyo ea manyeme kapele, kahoo e sebelisoa ho isa tekanyong e lekanyelitsoeng. Tsena li kenyelletsa Manninil, Glimepiride.
- Lihlahisoa tsa Hormone li sebelisitsoe haufinyane haholo. Melemo ea bona ke ho fokotseha ha takatso ea lijo, ts'ireletso ea lisele tsa beta tsa manyeme, le ho fokotseha ha khatello ea mali. E hlahisitsoe tlasa mabitso a khoebo: Bayeta, Viktoza, Yanuviya, Onglisa.
- Glucobuy e thibela ho monya ha tsoekere ka mpeng, e sebelisoa hanyane feela ka lebaka la litla-morao ka tsela e sa thabiseng mala le ho sebetsa hantle.
Pheko ea phepo ea lefu la tsoekere
Haeba ts'oaetso e hlahisoa ke lefu la tsoekere mme mokuli o tseba ho phekola ka meriana, joale boemo ba bobeli bo hlokahalang bakeng sa kalafo e atlehileng ke lijo tse thehiloeng hantle.
Melao-motheo ea phepo e nepahetseng ea phepo e nepahetseng bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere:
- Thibelo ea mafura, haholo-holo a tsoang liphoofolong.
- Ho kenyelletsoa ha lihlahisoa tsa tsoekere le tsoekere.
- Ts'ebeliso ea tse nkang tsoekere.
- Kakaretso ea lik'habohaedreite ka bongata ho fihlela ho 300 g.
- Ho fokotsa letsoai ho 12 g.
- Ho kenyelletsoa ha lihlahisoa ka bohato ba lipotropic (ho ntlafatsa metabolism ea mafura).
- Ho lokela hore ho be le palo e lekaneng ea lijo tse tsoang lijong tse fokotsang ho monya ha tsoekere le cholesterol e tsoang ka mpeng.
- Lijo tse hlano kapa tse tšeletseng ka letsatsi.
Ho ja lijo tse nang le khalori e baloa ho boima bo tloaelehileng ba 'mele bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le lahleloang ke "insulin" ho latela boima ba' mele ba bona ba 30 kcal / kg ho basali, 35 ho banna.
Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 ka botenya, ho entsoe lijo tse nang le likhalori tse 1600 ho isa ho 1800 kcal. Ka beke, mokuli ea nang le boima bo feteletseng o lokela ho lahleheloa ke 200 - 400 g.
Ho etsa lijo, o ka sebelisa lihlahisoa le lijana tse joalo:
Lijana tsa nama: li lokiselitsoe ho veal, khoho, turkey, mmutla le nama ea kolobe ntle le mafura. Li-boiling, li-stewing le lihlahisoa tse nyane li lumelloa. Lenane la glycemic la turkey le nama e meng e sa lomosoang le tlaase.
Ho khethoa mefuta e se nang mafura: cod, pollock, pike perch, pike kapa catfish, ka sebopeho se phehiloeng le se halikiloeng. Lijo tsa leoatleng tse khothalelitsoeng.
Mahe a nooa ka mokhoa oa omelets, yolk ka letsatsi e ke ke ea feta e le 'ngoe.
Lebese, li-curd tse nkoang ka sebete, tse tsoekere tse nang le lebese le bolila, chisi e mafura a tlase le chisi e sa lomosoang.
Lijoa tsa meroho li lokiselitsoe ho tloha zucchini, hop, likomkomere, li-eggplant, tamati, kholifulawa, linaoa tse tala. Khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ke salate tse ncha tsa meroho.
Porridge e jeoa ka bongata bo fokolang ho tloha ho oat, balkwheat nyalothe le harese ea perela.
Li-sweets le litholoana li ka ba ngata haholo, lihlahisoa tsa confectionery feela ka fructose kapa tse ling.
Ho thibetsoe hore lefu la tsoekere le sebelise ho ja lijo:
- Botoro, puff pastry, tsoekere, jeme, jeme, liswisi, ice cream.
- Li-sose tsohle, lino-mapholi, lijo tse ka makotikoting tsa tlhahiso ea liindasteri.
- Navara ho tloha nama, tlhapi.
- Nama e mafura, tlhapi, haholo-holo e bolaeang: masapo a sebete, sebete, pelo, liphio.
- Semolina, bijoux le raese.
- Matata, libanana, morara, morara o omisitsoeng, lifeiga.
- Chisi tse monate le li-yogurts.
- Margarine le oli efe kapa efe ea ho pheha.
- Lijo tse potlakileng, lichifi le lijo tse bobebe.
Litlhare tsa lefutso tsa lefu la tsoekere
Moriana oa litlama o sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle kalafong e rarahaneng ea lefu la tsoekere. Tšebeliso ea litlama butle-butle e ntlafatsa metabolism ea carbohydrate, mme e fokotsa tekanyetso ea meriana ho theola tsoekere ea mali.
Ka tšilafalo e kopantsoeng le ho senyeha ha liphio, phytopreparations e na le anti-inflammatory le pholiso.
E le hore u utloisise hore na lefu la tsoekere le ka phekoloa joang ka litlama, ho hlokahala hore u tsebe mefuta ea limela tse ka fokotsang tsoekere. Bakeng sa ho etsa infusion le tšebeliso ea li-broth:
- Makhasi a Blueberry.
- Bean flaps.
- Aralia motso
- Lipalesa tsa Chamomile.
- Motso oa chicory.
- Motso oa Burdock.
- Yarrow joang.
- Setlhare sa Plantain.
- Motso oa Dandelion
- Monokotšoai le makhasi a fragola e hlaha.
- Khasi ea Bay.
- Oats
Bakeng sa kalafo e felletseng ea lefu la tsoekere, tee ea tatso e monate e sebelisoa. U hloka ho nka likarolo tse 4 tsa makhasi a blueberry, likarolo tse 3 tsa makhasi a fragola, likarolo tse 4 tsa makhasi a linaoa, karolo e le 'ngoe ea joang ba yarrow, likarolo tse 3 tsa motsoako oa burdock, likarolo tse 4 tsa makhasi a sefate sa "dandelion", likarolo tse 4 tsa lijo-thollo tsa oat, likarolo tse 4 tsa letheka la rose. Litlama tsohle li tlameha ho khaoloa le ho hlahisoa joalo ka tee e tloaelehileng.
Makhasi a lettuce tsa jarete, lierekisi, li-mushroom le alfalfa le tsona li na le thepa e theolelang tsoekere. Ka litlhare tsa setso, litlolo tse ncha tsa semela tse ncha li sebelisoa ho thibela le ho phekola lefu la tsoekere. Phekolo e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa ea lefu la tsoekere ka tlung ke lero le tsoang Jerusalema artichoke, litapole tse tala, lero le tsoang makhasi a matala a k'habeche e tšoeu, raspberry le lero la dogwood.
Linoko li boetse li sebelisoa ho kenyelletsa lijana - sinamone le ginger. Ka keketseho ea sinamone ea letsatsi le letsatsi ho qala ho tloha gram e le 1 ka letsatsi, kamora khoeli o ka fihlela phokotso e kholo ea maemo a tsoekere. Dose butle-butle ka mamello e ntle e ka eketsoa ho 5 g.
Khemere e theola cholesterol, e laola mafura le lik'habohaedreite metabolism, e ntlafatsa phallo ea mali le lithaelese.
Ha e sebelisoa le lithethefatsi ho fokotsa tsoekere, e ka baka hypoglycemia.
Boikoetliso ba lefu la tsoekere
Maemong a kajeno, lefu la tsoekere le nkoa e le lefu le sa phekoleheng ka botlalo, empa ho a khonahala ho ama boleng ba bophelo, nako ea lona le boiketlo ba lona. E le ho eketsa matla a mmele a ho hanela ho haelloa ke limatlafatsi, ho ikoetlisa hoa sebelisoa.
Ena e lokela ho ba lenaneo le khethiloeng ka bomong le sa tlise melemo feela, empa le thabo. Li-class li lokela ho ba telele haholo - metsotso e ka bang 30 - 45 ka letsatsi. E loketseng molemong oa sena ke ho tsamaea, ho khantša ka lebelo, ho sesa, li-tech tsa kalafo ea kalafo le yoga. Phekolo ea kamehla ea lefu la tsoekere e bohlokoa haholo.
Tabeng ea boemo bo boima, bakuli ba robetseng liphateng le nakong ea ts'ebetso kamora ho ba le boikoetliso ba ho phefumoloha ho ka khothaletsoa.
Bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere le sebelisang insulin, ho na le melao ea ho thibela mathata lipapaling:
- Ha hoa lumelloa ho ikoetlisa boemong ba tsoekere e kaholimo ho 13 mmol / l.
- Haeba matšoao a hypoglycemia a hlaha, o lokela ho hlahloba tsoekere ea mali hanghang.
- Tekanyo ea insulin e atolositsoeng ka letsatsi la sehlopha e fokotsoa ke 20-40%.
- O tlameha ho ba le metsi le glucose le uena.
Video e sehloohong sena e bua ka lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 le kalafo ea lona.
