Lefu la tsoekere ke mofuta o sa phekoleheng oa endocrine.
Boloetse bona bo fokotsa boleng le tebello ea bophelo, e lebisa ho mathata a sa fetoleheng le a matla.
Lefu la tsoekere ke eng: kalafo le thibelo ea lefu lena?
Lefu la tsoekere ke eng?
Lefu la tsoekere le utloahala e le lefu le sa foleng leo ho lona 'mele oa motho o nang le khaello e phethahetseng ea insulin, o hlahisang hyperglycemia.
Tabeng ena, methapo ea mali ea ameha, metabolism e ea ferekana. Pathology e atile linaheng tsohle.
Baetapele ba bane ba kenyelletsa India, USA, China le Russia. Palo ea bakuli 'Musong oa Russia ke batho ba 9600000.
Tloaelo ea tsoekere ea mali ho basali ba baholo le banna, bana
Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea tsoekere serum ke 3,3-5,5 mmol / L. Phello ke bong, lilemo.
Bakeng sa bacha le banna ba fihlang ho lilemo tse 90, tekanyetso ea tsoekere ke 4.6-6.4 mmol / l, bakeng sa batho ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 90 - 4.2-6.7 mmol / l. Bakeng sa banana le basali ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 60, khatello ea tsoekere e mefuta e 3.4-5,5 mmol / L e nkoa e le ngata.
Ho masea a phetseng hantle ho fihlela khoeli, tlhahlobo e bonts'a 2.7-3.2, likhoeling tse 1-5 2.8-3.8, 6-9 - 2.9-4.1, ka selemo - 2.9-4.4 , 1-2 - 3-4.5, 3-4 - 3.2-4.7, 5-6 - 3.3-5.3, lilemo tse 10-16 - 3.3-5.5 mmol / L .
Classified: Mefuta le Methati
Ho endocrinology, mefuta e fapaneng ea lefu la tsoekere ea khetholoha (latent, non-tsoekere, gestational). Phapang e thusa ngaka ho utloisisa kapele hore na ho etsahalang ho mokuli le hore na o sebelisa mofuta ofe oa kalafo.
Nako ea lefu lena e arotsoe ho kula:
- degree ea pele. Ho potlakisa glycemia ha ho fetele 7 mmol / L. Psychology e buselitsoe ka thuso ea lipilisi tse khethehileng le phepo e nepahetseng;
- ea bobeli. Mokuli o na le matšoao a bobebe a mathata a tsoang litho tsa pono, liphio, methapo ea mali, manonyeletso;
- ea boraro. Lefu lena ha le phekolehe ka lijo le meriana. Sekhahla sa tsoekere se bolokoa ho 14 mmol / l, tsoekere e teng ho moroto. Tekanyo ena e tšoauoa ka ho tetebela ha maoto le matsoho, khatello e phahameng ea methapo, neuropathy, nephropathy, glaucoma;
- ea bone. Khokahano ea glycemia maling e fihla ho 25 mmol / L. Liprotheine le tsoekere li fumanoa moroto. Ha ho khonehe ho lokisa boemo ka meriana. Khafetsa, mokuli o fumanoa a e-na le bothata ba maoto a maoto, ho hloleha ha meno, liso tsa trophic, retinopathy, proteinuria, polyneuropathy, angiopathy, komisi.
Hape, lefu la tsoekere le itšetlehileng ka insulin le ikhethile.
Insulin e itšetlehileng ka eona
E bontšoa ke khaello ea insulin e bakoang ke lefu la lisele tsa pancreatic beta.
Litopo tsa Ketone lia ipokella 'meleng. Autoimmune le viral pathologies li baka lefu la tsoekere. Mofuta ona oa lefu o fumanoa hangata ho bana ba banyenyane le bacha ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 28.
Insulin e ikemetseng
E tšoauoa ka tlolo ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso le ho boloka glycogen.
Makhopho a makhopho a hlahisa hormone, empa lintho tse entsoeng ha li tlamele li-receptor tsa cellular. Ka hona, tsoekere ha e amoheloe ka botlalo, empa e bokellana ka serum.
E hlaha hangata makhetlo a 6 ho feta mofuta o itšetlehileng ka insulin. Hangata ho bonoa ho banna le basali ba fetang lilemo tse 45 ba nang le botenya.
Etiology le pathogeneis
Etiology ea lefu la tsoekere e ipapisitse le lihlopha tse latelang tsa lintlha:
- lefutso;
- lefu la pancreatic;
- khatello ea maikutlo
- khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng;
- tšoaetso ea vaerase;
- chefo ka li-nitrites le nitrate.
Mochine o tsosang takatso ea methapo ea kutlo ke ho se khonehe ha lisele tsa pancreatic ho etsa insulin.
Sena se lebisa khatellong ea metabolic, ho fokotseha ha tsoekere ke lisele tsa mmele le tlala ea sele. Tsoekere e bokellana ka har'a plasma mme e lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea hyperglycemia. Motho o na le lenyora le matla le le sa khoneheng, ho choeta khafetsa, khatello ea fokotseha, 'me ho hlaha hlooho.
Ho haella ha insulin ho baka ho se leka-lekane pakeng tsa lipogenesis le lipolysis. Ka lebaka leo, mafura a sebete a sebete, tlhahiso e eketsehileng ea 'mele ea ketone e bonoa. Sena se bonahatsoa ke ho ipolaisa tlala, monko oa acetone o tsoang molomong, ho hlatsa, ts'ebetso ea pelo e sa sebetseng. Ho na le kotsi ea ho oa.
Mekhoa ea ho Tseba
Ho fumana lefu la tsoekere, ngaka e etsa tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea mokuli. Polyuria, ho theola boima ba 'mele, polydipsia, ho hlohlona ha letlalo - tsena kaofela ke matšoao a bontšang lefu la endocrine.
Ho netefatsa lefu lena, ngaka e beha tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ho mokuli:
- tlhahlobo ea mali bakeng sa tsoekere;
- teko ea mamello ea glucose;
- Ultrasound ea manyeme;
- boithuto bo akaretsang ba moroto;
- boikemisetso ba likarolo tsa "insulin", lihlahisoa tsa eona tsa metabolism.
Ho supa mathata a lefu lena, lingaka li fetisetsa mokuli ho:
- ECG
- tlhatlhobo ea fundus;
- excretory urography.
Litataiso tsa bongaka le litekanyetso tsa kalafo
Litekanyetso tsa kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere li kenyelletsa ho nka lipilisi tsa ho fokotsa tsoekere kapa liente tsa insulin. E khothalelitsoe ke:
- Mokhoa oa bophelo o fetoha (Boikoetliso, phepo e nepahetseng, ho khaotsa ho tsuba, joala);
- ho itlhahloba ha boemo ba glycemia bo nang le glucometer ea elektroniki;
- ho latela boima ba 'mele.
Ka nako e 'ngoe sethethefatsi se le seng ha se lekane,' me mokuli o fuoa phekolo ea lithethefatsi tse likarolo li tharo, eo, ntle le lithethefatsi tse fokotsang tsoekere, litokisetso tsa sulfonylurea li leng teng.
Phekolo e phethahetseng bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere
Lefu la tsoekere ha se feela tlolo ea tsamaiso ea endocrine. Lefu lena le ama litho tsohle: liphio, boko, methapo ea mali, pelo, manonyeletso. Ka hona, ka pathology e joalo, kalafo e rarahaneng e bontšoa. Ho feta moo, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa pele le oa bobeli, ke la tlhaho, le tšoaroang ka tsela e fapaneng ho basali baimana le baneng.
Algorithm mabapi le mokhoa oa ho sebetsana le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1
Haeba motho a fumanoa a e-na le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, kalafo e etsoa ho latela algorithm ena:
- tsela ea bophelo e ntse e theoa;
- lithethefatsi li laetsoe ho tsoa sehlopheng sa sulfonylurea;
- haeba boemo ba motho bo sa ntlafale pele ho beke, ho fanoa ka kalafo ea insulin.
Litekanyetso tsa lithethefatsi li khethoa ka bonngoe ka mor'a lithuto tsa maiketsetso le tsa laboratori.
Lithethefatsi tse sebetsang le litlhare tsa batho ba loantšang lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2
Ka lefu la tsoekere le sa itšetlehang ka insulin, lithethefatsi tse latelang lia sebetsa:
- Lefu la tsoekere. E eketsa synthetic ea insulin, e matlafatsa tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo;
- Siofor. Normalizing mekhahlelo ea metabolic, boima. Hangata e fuoa batho ba batenya haholo;
- Metformin. E sebelisoa hammoho le liente tsa insulin. E kopantsoe le ketoacidosis, methapo ea meno;
- Se-Aktos. E sirelletsa methapo ea mali litlamorao tsa tsoekere e phahameng, khatello ea mali e tlaase.
Lefu la tsoekere la bongoana le phekoloa joang?
Hangata bana ba na le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1. Bakeng sa kalafo, lingaka tsa bana li fana ka kalafo ea ho enta insulin.
Lithethefatsi tse tloaelo tse sebelisoang nako e khuts'oane: li mamelloa habonolo ke 'mele o monyane. Ho fanoa ka moriana o sebelisa pene ea sindringe.
Ho feta moo, li-vitamini complexes, li-angioprotectors li laetsoe. Ho khothalletsoa hore u hlahlobe boemo ba hau ba tsoekere habeli ka letsatsi.
Ho lokela ho etsoa eng ka lefu la tsoekere la basali ho bakhachane?
Mofuta ona oa lefu la tsoekere o fumanoa ho 4% ea basali baimana. E hlaha ka lebaka la hore mojaro ho manyeme oa eketseha, mme setho se lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba sona ba ho hlahisa insulin e lekaneng.
Ka lefu la tsoekere la letsoalo u hloka:
- hlokomela kalafo ea insulin e boletsoeng ke ngaka;
- nka mali le moroto bakeng sa ho hlahlojoa hang ka beke;
- itaola ka mokhoa o ikemetseng oa tsoekere ka tonometer;
- khomarela lijo;
- nako le nako lekanya khatello.
Maemong a tebileng, mosali oa moimana o kenngoa sepetlele sepetlele.
Lijo tse se nang phepo ea lik'habohaedreite ho bakuli
Ho boloka maemo a tsoekere a tloaelehile le ho thibela hypoglycemia, batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba tlameha ho lula ba thellella ka mehla. Ho ja khafetsa ho lebisa ho batenya le mathata a mangata.
Ka hona, bakuli ba eletsoa ho latela lijo tse se nang phepo ea lik'habohaedreite. Rasaense Eric Westman o netefalitse hore ho fokotsa limatlafatsi 'meleng lijong tsa hau ho lebisa ho tloaelehileng ho boima le tsoekere.
Motho ha a lokela ho ja li-gramme tse fetang 30 tsa lik'habohaedreite ka letsatsi.
Ke litlhare life tsa setso tse ka sebelisoang lapeng bakeng sa pholiso?
Ho na le mekhabiso e mengata ea meriana ea setso inthaneteng e ts'episang ho phekola lefu la tsoekere. Tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa ho tsona:
- kopanya li-walnut kernels le li-buckwheat ka karolelano ea 1 ho isa ho ea 5. Kopanya metsoako ka grinder ea kofi ebe u tšela ka kefir. Nka tee ka metsotso e 15 pele o e ja;
- nka likarolo tse lekanang makhasi a linaoa, makhasi a bay, mulberry le blueberries. Li-tablespoons tse peli tsa pokello li tšela 500 ml ea metsi a chesang ebe u pheha kotara ea hora. Tsitlella le khatello. Noa hora pele u e-ja hararo ka letsatsi;
- khalase ea oatmeal tšela 500 ml ea metsi a belang ebe o e tlohella lihora tse 6. Nka halofo ea khalase makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi;
- eketsa sinamone ho eiee. E na le phenol, e fokotsang tsoekere ka 30%;
- turmeric (ligrama tse peli) e kopantsoe le khaba ea lero la agave le sa tsoa hlatsoa. Noa motsoako hoseng le mantsiboea;
- khaba ea metsi, hlohlelletsa ligrama tse 0,2 tsa mummy le seno ka nako hoseng ka mpeng;
- bake eiee ebe u e ja ka lijo-thollo. Meroho ena e na le sebabole, e etsang hore manyeme a hlahise insulin.
Melao-motheo ea taolo ea bakuli ba matla sepetlele
Hoo e ka bang 25% ea batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere selemo le selemo ba hloka kalafo ea bongaka.
Bohloko ba lefu lena bo hloka hore lingaka li lumellane le melao-motheo e latelang:
- pholoso ea maemo a hlobaetsang;
- ho tsitsa ha maemo a tsoekere ka har'a meeli e tloaelehileng;
- ho lekola ho tsoelang pele ha mahloriso a tsoekere ea plasma;
- phepo e nepahetseng ea mokuli ho latela lijo tse ntlafalitsoeng ka seqo;
- ho fokotsa kotsi ea mathata;
- Tsosoloso ea litho tsa 'mele le litsamaiso tse anngoeng ke lefu la kelello.
Tlhahlobo ea phekolo ea kalafo ea Stem
Phekolo e ncha bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere ke tšebeliso ea lisele tsa bakoang.
E kenya letsoho ho khutliseng ka tsela e sa lekanyetsoang makhopho a makhopho le litho tse ling tsa ka hare tse anngoeng ke tsoekere e ngata.
Ho latela maikutlo, phekolo ea lisele tsa stem e hlile e sebetsa. Empa ts'ebetso e theko e boima haholo: ba fokolang ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba ka e khona.
Lithethefatsi tsa Hormonal e le tsela ea ho hlola lefu lena
Ho boloka bophelo le bophelo bo botle ba mofuta oa 1 lefu la tsoekere, o ka sebelisa kalafo ea li-hormone ka insulin. Sesebelisoa se etsoa ka nako e khuts'oane le halelele. Maemong a pele, phello ea kalafo e nka 5-8, ka bobeli - lihora tse 12-14.
Insulin e khuts'oanyane e emeloa ke meriana:
- Humulin;
- Actrapid;
- NovoRapid;
- Humalogue.
Mekhoa ea ketso e telele:
- Protafan;
- Humodar;
- Farmasulin;
- Monodar.
Na hoa khoneha ho felisa lefu lena qalong?
Qalong ea lefu la tsoekere, ho tšoarelletsoa nako e telele ho bonolo, empa ho ka se khonehe ho fumana pheko e phethahetseng: liphetoho tse ke keng tsa fetoloa li etsahala seleng ea li-pancreas.
Hangata, lefu la tsoekere le tsoela pele ka nako e telele 'me le u qobella ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse theolelang tsoekere.
Ho ntshetsa pele ka mafolofolo tšimong ea ho etsa lithethefatsi ho felisa lefu la tsoekere, empa ho fihlela joale liteko li sa atleha.
Thibelo ea mathata a maholo a lefu la tsoekere
Lefu la tsoekere le lebisa ho mathata a mangata a tsoang pelong, methapong ea methapo. Ho sitoa ke lenane ke sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu ho bakuli ba nang le endocrine pathology.
Bakeng sa thibelo ea litlamorao tse matla, ho lokela ho lateloa melao e latelang:
- latela lijo;
- se ke oa tlola liente tsa insulin;
- laola tsoekere ea Whey;
- hlokomela maoto a hau (phekola maqeba, poone, 'me u roale lieta tse hantle ka nako);
- hang ka selemo ho ea kalafo ka lithethefatsi tsa vascular;
- Etela setsebi sa hau sa endocrinologist khafetsa.
Livideo tse amanang
Mabapi le lisosa le mekhoa ea ho phekola lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 le video:
Kahoo, lefu la tsoekere ke lefu le tloaelehileng la endocrine har'a Marussia. Pathology e senya ts'ebetso ea litho tsohle mme e baka mathata a maholo. Boloetse bona ha bo phekolehe ka botlalo, bophelo bo botle ba mokuli bo lula bo phekolehile.
