Lefu la tsoekere ke lefu le se nang kutloelo-bohloko le ka amang batho eseng le liphoofolo feela. Pathology e bontšoa ke tlolo ea tlhahiso ea "insulin" ea "hormone" ke "pancreas" kapa ka phetoho ea kutlo ea ketso ea eona ea lisele le lisele tsa 'mele. Boloetse bona bo reetse lebitso la hae ka mantsoe a mabeli a Selatine: lefu la tsoekere, ho bolelang hore ke ea feta, le mellitus, e monate joalo ka mahe a linotsi.
Lefu la tsoekere ho lintja le hlaha ho 0.5% ea linyeoe tsa kliniki. E etsahala lilemong life kapa life, empa haholoholo nakong ea lilemo tse 3 ho isa ho tse 15. Ba batona ba ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ha ba tloaelehe ho feta litonki tse kulang. Haeba re bua ka phetisetso ka mofuta oa tsoalo, letšoao lena le fapana linaheng tse fapaneng. Hangata, beng ba rakbier ea khauta, poodle, labrador, bichon frizz le Australia terata ba tla ho ngaka ea liphoofolo le bothata bo tšoanang.
Sengoloa se tšohla likarolo tsa "lefu le monate" ho lintja, matšoao a lefu lena, melao-motheo ea kalafo le ho fepa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng.
Boloetse ba mofuta ofe?
Lefu la tsoekere le nkoa e le endocrinopathy, ke hore, lefu la o mong oa litšoelesa tsa endocrine system. Ponahatso ea mantlha ea lefu lena ke hyperglycemia e sa foleng. Ona ke boemo bo iponahatsang ka lipalo tse phahameng tsa tsoekere maling. Liphetho tsa hyperglycemia ea nako e telele ke tlolo ea ts'ebetso ea metabolic, hammoho le liphetoho ts'ebetsong ea litho tsohle le litsamaiso tsa 'mele.
Lefu la tsoekere ho lintja le bonahala ka taba ea hore manyeme a ke ke a hlahisa insulin e lekaneng. Ntho ena e ameha ho tsamaiseng limolek'hule tsa tsoekere liseleng, joalo ka ha eka li butsoe. Haeba lihormone li sa lekana, tsoekere e ngata e sala maling, 'me lisele li ba le matla a ho bolaoa ke tlala.
Makhopho a limela a emeloa ke mefuta e 'meli ea lisele: tse ling li hlahisa li-enzyme tse amehang ho cheng, tse ling - lihomone
Ho na le boemo bo bong. Lisebelisoa tsa insulin tse kenang ka hare ho nko li ntša tekanyo e lekaneng ea li-hormone tse sebetsang maling, empa ho hanyetsa insulin hoa etsahala, ke hore, boemo boo lisele li lahleheloang ke kutlo ea tsona ketsong ea insulin. Sephetho se tšoana le ketsahalo ea pele ea liketsahalo - hyperglycemia ea hlaha.
Makhopho a ntja a amohela letšoao la hore lisele ha li fanoe ka matla a hlokahalang, 'me tsoekere kaofela e sala maling. Setho se qala ho kopanya lihormone tse ngata, empa sena se mpefatsa liketsahalo le ho feta.
Tlhomamiso
Boemong ba hona joale, lingaka tsa liphoofolo ke tsa maikutlo a hore lefu la tsoekere ho lintja le arotsoe ka mefuta e latelang:
Se bakang lefu la tsoekere- Ho itšetleha ka insulin (mofuta oa 1) - foromo ena e tsamaisana le lefu la lisele tsa pancreatic le ho se atlehe ha ho nka karolo ha tsona lits'ebetsong tsa metabolic. Lisosa tsa mantlha tsa nts'etsopele li nkuoa e le semelo sa lefutso le sesole sa autoimmune (boemo boo boits'ireletso ba 'mele ba ntoa bo loantšanang le lisele tsa tšoelesa, bo nka e le tsa linaha tse ling. Mofuta oa 1 o hlaha ho 87-92% ea lintja tsa lefu la tsoekere.
- Mofuta oa 2 - liphoofolong, mofuta ona oa lefu o bonahala eseng feela ka ho fokotseha hoa kutloisiso ea lisele ho ea ketsong ea "insulin" ea "hormone", empa hape le ka methapo ea lisele tsa lisebelisoa tsa insulin ka boeona. Ho batho, lefu la mofuta oa 2 hangata le alafshoa le lipilisi tse fokotsang tsoekere, le ho liphoofolo ka ente ea insulin.
- Mofuta oa bobeli - o hlaha kamora hore vaerase e be teng, khahlano le tšenyo ea tšenyo ea senya kapa ka lebaka la tšebeliso e telele ea lithethefatsi.
- Mofuta oa bonyatsi - o hlaha nakong ea kemaro ea lintja ka phetoho ea boleng ba lihormone 'meleng oa phoofolo. Kamora hore malinyane a tsoaloe, bokuli bo nyamela, empa ho sa ntse ho e-na le tšekamelo ea ho hola nakong e tlang.
Ha ho na thuso ho tseba phoofolo ea hau ka lapeng, sena se lokela ho etsoa ke setsebi se tšoanelehang
Matšoao le matšoao
Matšoao a lefu la tsoekere ho lefu la tsoekere ho lintja ha a tšoane le setšoantšo sa bokuli sa bokuli ba motho kapa phoofolo e 'ngoe e ruuoang. Beng ba tsona ba hlokomela hore liphoofolo tse ruiloeng lapeng li noa metsi a mangata, hangata a ho ntša metsi hangata, 'me li eketse takatso ea lijo. Khahlano le semelo sa lefu la 1, phoofolo e theola boima ba 'mele, ka mofuta oa 2, ho fapana le moo, e ntse e eketseha ka potlako.
Ha tlhahlobo ea litsebi tsa bongaka li hlokomela:
- molumo oa mesifa o fokotsehileng;
- botenya le kobo e boreleli;
- ho kuta moriri;
- ho fokotseha ha mocheso oa 'mele;
- liphetoho karolong ea mohlahlobi oa pono;
- keketseho ea boholo ba sebete le boteng.
Melao-motheo ea Tlhahlobo
Tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere ho ntja e netefatsoa ho latela boteng ba setšoantšo se latelang sa boraro:
- matšoao a tebileng a lefu lena;
- tsoekere e phahameng ea mali hoseng ka mpeng e se nang letho;
- ponahalo ea tsoekere ho moroto.
Ngaka ea liphoofolo e lokela ho khetholla lefu la tsoekere le li-pathologies tse ling tse nang le setšoantšo se tšoanang sa kliniki. Mohlala, le lefu la tsoekere - lefu le tsamaeang le moriti o mongata oa 'mele ka lebaka la tlhahiso e senyehileng ea lihormone tsa antidiuretic. Ho bohlokoa hape ho fumana hore na ke mofuta ofe oa lefu la tsoekere e hlahileng ka ntja, hobane mochine oa phetoho e tsoelang pele ea lefu o itšetlehile ka sena.
Mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa tlhahlobo ea mali ke sampole ea mali ea capillary bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea tsoekere. Sekhahla sa glycemic ho lintja ke 5.5 mmol / L, joalo ka motho ea phetseng hantle. Lipalo tsa Glycemia li ka khethoa eseng feela ka laboratoring ea liphoofolo, empa hape le lapeng. Ho etsa sena, sebelisa li-glucometer tse khethehileng tse nang le metsero le liteko tsa ho phunya lisele tse bonolo.
Tekanyo ea glycemia e etsoa ka ho kenya lerotholi la mali a taba ho strip ea liteko, e kentsoeng ka mitara, sephetho se hlahisoa skrineng
Li-pads tsa sampole ea mali ha li sebelisoe, hobane ho na le likepe tse tebileng haholo. Ho phunya ho tla ba bohloko ebe ho baka pherekano e ngata. Mali bakeng sa ho lekola lintja a nkiloe ntlheng ea tsebe. Etsa li-capillaries tse tsoang sebakeng se ikhethileng.
Tlhahlobo ea matšeliso e etsoa ho sebelisoa mekhoa e meng ea tlhahlobo:
- litekanyo tsa fructosamine;
- tekanyo ea lipalo tsa hemoglobin ea glycated (glycosylated).
Fructosamine ke sesupo sa boemo bo botle ba tsoekere matsatsing a 10-25 a fetileng (mehloling e meng - ho fihlela libeke tse 3). Glycated hemoglobin e boetse e supa glycemia e tloaelehileng, empa bakeng sa likhoeli tse 3,5.
Leano la ho fepa liphoofolo tse kulang
Kamora hore mong'a eona a tsebe hore phoofolo ea lapeng e maoto a mane e na le "lefu le monate", ho hlaha potso ea bohlokoa mabapi le ho fepa phoofolo ea lapeng le hore na e ka jelloa joang. Ntle le moo, ke phepo e nkoang e le e 'ngoe ea lintlha tsa bohlokoa kalafong ea lefu la tsoekere ho lintja. Khetho e nepahetseng ea lijo e u lumella ho boloka maemo a tsoekere a mali a le maemong a amohelehang.
Melao-motheo ea Lijo bakeng sa Lintja tsa lefu la tsoekere:
- takatso ea caloric e lumelletsoeng ea lijo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi e lokela ho bonoa;
- fokotsa bongata ba lik'habohaedreite tse tlang le lijo;
- fokotsa lijo tse nang le mafura ho fokotsa moroalo ho manyeme;
- eketsa bongata ba lijo tsa protheine.
Royal Kanin e fana ka mefuta e mengata ea lijo tsa ntja tse nang le lefu la tsoekere. Li bontšoa boteng ba endocrinopathy le boima ba methapo. Ha ho kgothaletswe ho fepa metsoalle e maoto a mane ka sehlahisoa se joalo nakong ea kemaro, ho nyeka, kholo, ka bohlokoa bo tebileng ba 'mele oa phoofolo. Baetsi ba kgothaletsa ho qala ka Royal Canin Obesity Canine. Phoofolo e lokela ho lahleheloa ke boima ba eona ea 2-3% ka beke, e ja boima bo ommeng. Kamora ho fihlela boima bo lekaneng ba 'mele, Weight Control Canine e laetsoe ho boloka boima ba ntja ka har'a meeli e amohelehang.
Bakeng sa sephutheloana sa 1.5 kg se tla tlameha ho lefa li-ruble tse ka bang 900-1000
Melemo ea phepo e nepahetseng ea lijo tsa ntja bakeng sa lintja tse nang le lefu la tsoekere la Royal Canin ke:
- liperesente tse phahameng tsa lintho tsa liprotheine ka har'a sehlahisoa, ka lebaka leo phoofolo e lahleheloang ke mafura a mangata, eseng mesifa;
- ho ba teng ha livithamini le liminerale tse hlokahalang;
- palo e kholo ea glucosamine le chondroitin sulfate, e amang boemo ba sistimi ea musculoskeletal hantle;
- dikahare tsa bongata bo lekaneng ba mafura a acid a thibelang kholo ea atherosulinosis le ho khutlisetsa metabolism ea mafura.
Beng ba thepa ba fang ice cream ea bona le lipompong ba tla tlameha ho lahla mohopolo ona, kaha lihlahisoa tsena li na le lik'habohaedreite tse potlakileng seboping.
Litšobotsi tsa kalafo
Morero oa ho phekola lefu ha se feela ho tlosa matšoao a boemo ba pathological, empa hape ke ho fumana puseletso, ke hore, boemo boo maemo a tsoekere ea mali a bolokiloeng ka har'a meeli e tloaelehileng nako e telele. Normoglycemia e ka fokotsa litekanyetso tsa insulin, tse tsamaisoang ka ente, hape ea fokotsa kotsi ea mathata a tsoang mahlong, lisebelisoa tsa renal, le tsamaiso ea methapo.
Phekolo ea ntja bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere e ipapisitse le lintlha tse tharo tse kholo:
- khalemelo ea phepo;
- bophelo bo mafolofolo;
- Tsamaiso ea "insulin" e sebetsang ka insulin ka mokhoa o ikhethileng ka mokhoa oa liente.
Nako ea pele ea kalafo ea insulin e lokela ho etsoa sepetlele. Ho khetha litekanyetso tsa moriana ho mokuli ea maoto a mane ho nkoa e le mosebetsi o boima, kahoo ts'ebetso e nka letsatsi le fetang le le leng. Ka linako tse ling ha liphoofolo li amoheloa litsing tsa kokelo ea liphoofolo maemong a mahlonoko (mohlala, ka ketoacidosis). Maemong a joalo, sebelisa phekolo ea infusion, ho kenngoa ha insulin mothapong.
Phekolo ea insulin ea ntja e etsoa ka litlhare tse latelang:
- Levemir;
- Lantus;
- Protafan;
- Novorapid.
Mokhoa o mong oa kalafo o khethoa ho sebelisoa mekhoa e latelang:
- ka litekanyo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa glucosuria;
- ka ho hlahloba tsoekere e maling kapa ka har'a moroto makhetlo a mararo ka letsatsi;
- boikemisetso ba lipalo tsa glycemia ka mor'a lihora tse ling le tse ling tse 3-4.
Matšoao ohle a tlalehiloe bukeng ea tlhahlobo ea mokuli. Ho ipapisitsoe le bona, litekanyetso tsa sehlahisoa sa lihormone lia khethoa. Pele o tsamaisa phoofolo, etsa bonnete ba hore monga eona o utloisisa seo a tla tlameha ho tobana le sona ts'ebetsong ea ho alafa phoofolo ea lapeng, kamoo a ka sebelisang insulin hantle, kamoo a lokelang ho itshwara ka ntja ea lefu la tsoekere.
U ka tobana le mathata afe?
Pheko e etsahalang khafetsa ke hypoglycemia. Sena ke boemo bo khetholloang ka ho fokotseha ho matla ha lipalo tsa glucose maling a phoofolo. E ka hlaha ka lebaka la lethal dose e laoloang ka mokhoa o sa nepahalang oa hormone, boikoetliso bo feteletseng ba mmele (mohlala, nakong ea ho tsoma), ka mokhathala o felletseng oa mmele.
Hypoglycemia e hlaha ka nako e khuts'oane mme e tsamaisana le matšoao a hlakileng
Matšoao a boemo ba hypoglycemic a hlakile ebile a boletsoe:
- bofokoli bo matla;
- ho otsela
- ho ts'oaroa ka mokhoa o susumetsang;
- ho lahleheloa ke kelello.
Haeba boemo bona bo ile ba hlaha lapeng, o hloka ho lekanya lipalo tsa glycemia, mme ha u netefatsa lefu la methapo, o lokela ho kenya tharollo ea glucose methapong kapa kahare. Bothata bo bong bo ka sebetsanang le kalafo ea insulin ke Somoji syndrome. Boemo bona bo bonahatsoa ke ketso e teletsana ea lihoromo kamora ho tsamaisoa ha tsona ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe. Ho loantšana le mathata ana, ho bohlokoa ho fetola tekanyo ea tharollo ea lithethefatsi.
Cataract ke motsoako o atileng haholo oa "lefu le monate" ho lintja
Mathata a sa foleng a lefu la tsoekere ke maemo a kotsi a lebisang ho senyeheng ha litho tsa ka hare. Ntja li tšoauoa ka tšenyo ea lijana tsa lisebelisoa tsa renal, tse bonahatsoang ke ho se sebetse hantle ha mori, hammoho le ts'ebetso ea tlhahlobo ea pono ka sebopeho sa likatse.
Lisosa tsa mathata a sa foleng ke angiopathies. Tsena ke liso tsa methapo, ka lebaka leo ts'ebetso ea trophic ea lisele le lisele e fetohang. Lerako le kahare la likepe le hahiloe ka masenke a nang le li-atherosselotic, ao butle-butle a koalang lumen le ho sitisa microcirculation.
Angiopathy e boetse e ama tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo. Pathology e iponahatsa e le mokhoa oa pherekano kahare ho ntja, ponahalo ea bohloko, le bofokoli ba mesifa. Lefu la tsoekere la liphoofolo le ka ama tsamaiso ea musculoskeletal. Re bua ka ponahalo ea osteoporosis, mesifa dystrophy le maemo a mang a pathological.
Lefu la tsoekere le nkoa e le lefu le bohloko. Mong'a eona, eo motsoalle oa hae oa maoto a mane a fumanoeng a ena le sena, o tlameha ho lemoha ka ho hlaka hore o tla tlameha ho loants'a lefu lena. Haeba u latela litlhahiso tsa lingaka tsa liphoofolo, u ka fumana matšeliso a sa feleng le ho holisa bophelo ba phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng.
