Lefu la tsoekere ke lefumoo manyeme a sa sebetsaneng le mosebetsi oo a o rerileng. Ka lebaka la ho haella kapa ho se sebetse hantle ha secretion ea "insulin", metabolism e ea ferekana ebe mofuta oa 1 lefu la tsoekere oa hlaha. Haeba kutloelo-bohloko ea lisele tsa 'mele ho hormone ena e fokotseha' me tlhahiso ea insulin e fokotseha kapa e eketseha, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa bobeli lea hlaha. Lisele tsa pancreatic beta li hlahisa insulin. Hormone ena e ikarabella bakeng sa ho phatloha le ho monya ha glucose 'meleng oa rona. Sebaka seo lisele tsa beta li leng teng se bitsoa "lihlekehleke tsa Langerhans." Li-pancreas tsa motho ea phetseng hantle li na le lihlekehleke tse ka bang milione, tse boima ba ligrama tse 1-2 ka kakaretso Hammoho le lisele tsena ke lisele tsa alpha. Ke tsona tse ikarabellang tlhahisong ea tsoekere. Glucagon ke hormone e loantšang insulin. E senya glycegen ho tsoekere.
Ho etsahalang ka lefu la tsoekere?
Hyperglycemia (tsoekere e phahameng ea mali) ea hlaha ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha tlhahiso ea insulin. Ka tloaelo ho motho ea moholo, letšoao lena le maemong a 3,3-5.5 mmol / L. Ho lefu la tsoekere, lipalo tsena li eketseha haholo mme li ka fihla ho 15-20 mmol / L. Kantle ho insulin, lisele tse 'meleng ea rona li bolaoa ke tlala. Glucose ha e bonoe ke lisele mme e bokellana maling. Ka mokhoa o feteletseng, tsoekere e potoloha maling, karolo e 'ngoe ea eona e bolokoa sebeteng,' me karolo e epolloa ka har'a moroto. Ka lebaka lena, ho haella ha matla ho bonahala. Mmele o leka ho nts'a matla ho tsoa phepelong ea ona ea mafura, ho thehoa lintho tse chefo ('mele ea ketone), methapo ea metabolic e ferekanngoa. Hyperglycemia e ama 'mele oohle hampe, haeba u sa phekole lefu lena, motho eo o tla oela ka har'a komello ea hyperglycemic.
Tlhomamiso
Matsatsing ana, lefu la tsoekere lea khetholoha:
- mofuta oa 1 mellitus e itšetlehileng ka lefu la tsoekere - bana le bacha ba kula hangata khafetsa;
- mofuta oa 2 o sa itšetleheng ka insulin - o fumanoa ho batho ba baholo ba nonneng haholo kapa ba nang le lefutso la tsoekere;
- moimana (lefu la tsoekere la nalane);
- mefuta e meng ea lefu la tsoekere (immuno-Mediated, lithethefatsi, le likotsi tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso le endocrinopathies).
Lefu la tsoekere
Ha lilemo li ntse li feta, menyetla ea lefu la tsoekere e ntse e eketseha. Ka 2002, batho ba fetang limilione tse 120 ba bile le lefu la tsoekere. Ho latela lipalo-palo, lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 10-15 palo ea batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere e imena habeli. Kahoo, lefu lena le fetoha bothata ba bongaka le ba sechaba.
Ho entsoe liphuputso tse bonts'itseng hore mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere o pharalletse peisong ea Mongoloid. Peisong ea Negroid, menyetla ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere e eketseha.
Ka 2000, ho bile le 12% ea batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere Hong Kong, 10% naheng ea Amerika, le 4% naheng ea Venezuela. Chile ke eona e amehang hanyane - 1.8% ea kakaretso eohle.
U ka fumana lipalo-palo tse hlakileng ka lefu la tsoekere mona.
Ka taolo e nepahetseng le kalafo ea lefu lena, batho ba phela ka khotso 'me ba thabela bophelo!
