Haeba mokuli a fumaneha ka mokhoa o tebileng le o tsoetseng pele oa atherosulinosis ea lipheletso tse tlase, maemong a mang ha ho na tsela e 'ngoe ea ho tsoa kalafong e joalo ka ho khaoloa lisele tse tlase.
Ho senyeha ha atherosulinosis ea likarolo tse tlase ke bokuli bo tsoelang pele ba methapo ea methapo bohareng le bo boholo, bo hlaha ka lebaka la ho kopana ha dyslipidemia le tšenyo e bakoang ke lebota la arterial, kaha ho sa sebetsoe kalafo e nepahetseng ho baka mathata le ho holofala.
Mabaka a nts'etsopele ea atherosulinosis NK
Ho na le mabaka a mangata a ntlafatso ea liphetoho tsa atherosselotic likepeng tsa maoto le matsoho.
Lisosa tse lebisang nts'etsopele ea atherosulinosis li ka aroloa ka lihlopha tse peli.
Lihlopha tse joalo tsa lisosa ke lisosa tse kenyang keketseho ea cholesterol e felletseng le likaroloana tsa eona maling a mali le lintlha tseo ketso ea tsona e lebisang ho senyeheng ha methapo ea methapo.
Sehlopha sa pele se kenyeletsa:
- Sesosa se tloaelehileng haholo sa k'holeseterole e ntseng e eketseha ke ho se latele lijo tse nang le phepo - ho ja mafura a mangata a liphoofolo le lijo tse nang le cholesterol e ngata le lijo tse halikiloeng ka oli e ngata, tse tsubang, tse nang le letsoai le lijo tse potlakileng. Ho bohlokoa haholo ke phokotso ea phepelo ea phepelo ea mehloli ea fiber - meroho e tala, litholoana, lijo-thollo le linaoa, ho se latele mmuso oa ho nooa, tšebeliso ea palo e kholo ea sirapo e tsoekere, kofi, tee.
- Bohlokoa ba lelapa bo boetse bo bohlokoa - ka bobeli ho mafu a pelo le methapo ea methapo, methapo ea methapo ea kutlo, li-endocrine pathologies, le dyslipidemia ea malapa, lefu la Homocysteinemia le mafu a mang a mafu a metabolic.
Mabaka a sehlopha sa bobeli a kenyelletsa:
- litloaelo tse mpe - ho nwa haholo le ho tsuba ho ama karolo e kahare ea lebota la sejana, ho senya sebopeho sa ona le ho theha maemo a ho ikamahanya le matsoele a atheromatous le makhulo a mali;
- ho haelloa ke ts'ebetso ea 'mele - ka tekanyo e tlase ea boikoetliso ba' mele le bophelo ba ho lula fatše, ho na le tloaelo ea ho tsitsisa mali ka har'a lijana tsa likarolo tse tlase, ho eketsa khatello ho tsona mme hape ho lematsa endothelium;
- ho ikoetlisa ka ho feteletseng, ho sebetsa ka thata - ho lebisa ho microtrauma ea mesifa ea maoto mme, ka ho loketseng, likepe tsa bona, li etsa maemo a nts'etsopele ea li-cholesterol plaque;
- likotsi le hypothermia ea lipheletso - e lebisa ho ruruha ha mali libakeng tse senyehileng tsa maoto, ischemia;
- ho ba teng ha atherosclerosis ho angoa ke methapo ea methapo - mafu a thrombotic kapa a thromboembolic, ts'ebeliso ea meriana e itseng - lithibela-pelehi tsa molomo tse kopaneng, li-glucocorticosteroids.
Lisosa tse ling li kenyelletsa lilemo (vascular elasticity e fokotseha ho batho ba baholo) le bong (hangata lefu lena le hlaha ho banna, kaha lihormone tsa bong ba basali li na le tšusumetso ho endothelium).
Mefuta ea liso le matšoao
Hangata, mefuta ena ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo e fumanoa - karolo ea mokokotlo oa mokokotlo ha e koetsoe ka botlalo. Ka nako e ts'oanang, phallo ea mali ha e rarahane, ha e bake mathata le matšoao a bohlokoa, e ka fumaneha habonolo ka mekhoa ea phekolo e matlafatsang.
Mofuta oa bobeli - occlusion - lumen e thibetsoe ke nako e fetang halofo, phallo ea mali e sa tsoahle kapa e le sieo ka ho feletseng, e baka matšoao le mathata a phehellang, e hloka kalafo ea ho buoa, mme e ka lebisa ho holofala.
Matšoao a ho felisoa ha atherosulinosis ea liphihlelo tse tlase a fapane mme a ipapisitse le boemo ba ho eketseha ha mafu.
Matšoao a tloaelehileng ke a latelang:
- Bohloko le ho hloka botsitso maotong, ho fihlela ho bohloko, ka mor'a ho ikoetlisa haholo, ho tsamaea nako e telele.
- Ts'ebetso ea maikutlo a futhumatsang - maikutlo a lulang a fetoha a maoto a batang.
- Tlolo ea tumellano ea kutlo le bohloko ba sebaka se senyehileng.
- Ho tsamaea ka thata, ha letheba la atherosselotic le fumaneha sebakeng sa aortic bifurcation methapong ea li-iliac - lipakeng tsa nakoana.
- Pain syndrome - ho tloha ponahalong ea bohloko ho namane kapa mesifa ea basali ka mor'a ho ikitlaetsa ka matla kapa ho tsamaea nako e telele, ho mathela ho bohloko bo sa feleng, esita le nakong ea ho phomola kapa bosiu. Ka lebaka la mofuta oa bohloko ho atherosulinosis, hangata ho ba lerootho ha nako e telele, eseng matla, ho ka eketseha nakong ea ho ikoetlisa 'meleng.
- Ho tlotsoa ha trophism ea letlalo le masapo a lona, mesifa - ho fokotseha le ho omella ha letlalo, phetoho ea 'mala oa eona (ho tloha qalong methating ea lefu lena ho ea ho pherese le e ntšo ka sebopeho sa gangrene le tiske necrosis), tahlehelo ea moriri libakeng tse anngoeng ke botsitso, manala a brittle, mesifa atrophy, liehisa pholiso ea maqeba letlalong la maoto, ho etsoa ha liso tsa trophic, necrosis ea letlalo le lisele tse bonolo.
Letšoao la mathata a ho potoloha ha maoto a maoto ke ho ba sieo ha pelo ho potoloha methapo ea methapo - popliteal, methapo ea mokokotlo, le serope. Letšoao lena le bohlokoa haholo ho khethollo ea pele le ho itlhahloba ha atherosclerosis.
Mekhahlelo ea Atherosulinosis NK
Boloetse bona bo aroloa ho latela methati eo mekhoa ea phekolo e tsoetseng pele e itšetlehileng ka eona - khetho ea ngaka kapa maqheka a thibelang, kapa ts'ebeliso ea mekhoa ea ho buoa.
Mokhahlelo oa pele o fumanoa ha bohloko bo hlaha feela kamora hore motho a ikoetlise haholo 'meleng, ho tsamaea sebaka se fetang kilomitara e le ngoe ho se bohloko. Mothating ona, mokuli o hloka kalafo e matlafatsang - phetoho ea mokhoa oa bophelo, le lipontšo - kalafo ea lithethefatsi.
Mokhahlelo oa bobeli o tšoauoa ka ho fokotseha ha mamello mesebetsing ea 'mele, ho ba teng ha bohloko mesifa ea maoto ha u tsamaea hole ho tloha 250 metres ho ea ho 1 kilometer. Bakeng sa bakuli ba joalo, mofuta oa kalafo o sebelisoa ka mekhoa e seng ea lithethefatsi le lithethefatsi.
Mohato oa boraro ke sebaka sa ho tsamaea ka tsela e se nang bohloko ho tloha ho limithara tse 50 ho isa ho tse 250, matšoao a mang a teng - trophic, sensitivity sensity, pain le tsona li ka khonahala bosiu le phomolong. Bakeng sa bakuli ba joalo, ho hlokahala hore ho kopanngoe mekhoa ea kalafo e sa hlokeng kalafo le e sa rateheng.
Karolo ea bone e na le litšobotsi tsohle tsa karolo ea boraro, empa e tlatselletsoa ke ho ba teng ha mathata a ischemic - trophic ulcers, gangrene. Ha e le molao, mekhoa ea phekolo ea ho buoa e sebelisoa ho bakuli ba joalo, hobane molemong ona menyetla ea ho holofala ea mokuli ka kalafo e sa lokang le e sa lebelloang e phahame.
Tlhahlobo ea atherosclerosis ea likarolo tse tlase
Bohato ba pele ho lefu lena ke nalane e phethahetseng ea bophelo (bokuli bo fetileng le bo sa foleng, ts'ebetso, likotsi, tšekamelo ea lelapa, mokhoa oa bophelo, phepo e nepahetseng, litloaelo tse mpe).
Nalane ea lefu lena le eona e bohlokoa (ho qala, lisosa tse ka hlahang, matšoao a pele, nako ea lefu lena, kholo ea lona, kalafo e fetileng, sephetho sa lona.
Mekhoa e latelang ke ea boikhethelo, e hlokahala ho netefatsa tšoaetso.
Tsena li kenyeletsa liteko tsa laboratori:
- Palo e phethahetseng ea mali, urinalysis ka kakaretso.
- Glucose ea mali (tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere le ho khetholloa ha lefu la tsoekere).
- Tlhahlobo ea mali a biochemical - khetholla lipid spectrum (boemo ba cholesterol e felletseng, lipoprotein tse phahameng le tse tlase, triglycerides), sebete (AlAT, AcAT, phosphatase ea alkal le tsona ke tsa bohlokoa - li-statins li hanyetsanoe le keketseho ea litekanyetso tsena) le liteko tsa renal (creatinine, urea).
Tlhahlobo ea ho qetela e khethoa kamora hore ho etsoe mekhoa e meng ea tlhahlobo ea lisebelisoa, eu lumellang ho tseba boemo ba tšenyo, bophara ba patency ea sekepe esita le ho bona phallo ea mali.
Tsena li kenyeletsa:
- angiography ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa e bonolo le e theko e tlaase ea ho khetholla, e thehiloeng ho hlahisoeng ha moemeli oa X-ray ka har'a likepe le litšoantšo tsa X-ray tsa maoto le matsoho;
- mekhoa e mengata ea lipatlisiso e kopantsoeng ea tomoso le lipono tsa matla a matla a khoheli ke mekhoa e sebetsang ea ho etsa lipatlisiso e thusang ho bona boemo ba litšitiso tsa methapo;
- ho hlahlojoa ha li-doplex ke tekanyetso ea khauta bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea methapo ea kutlo, e etsa hore ho be bonolo ho lekola phallo ea mali sebakeng se senyehileng, ho bona likonopo tse kopaneng.
Hape, ho rarahaneng oa mehato ea ho hlahloba ho kenyelletsa ho lekanya khatello ea mali matsohong le maotong, ho bala index ea li-ankle.
Phekolo e tloaelehileng bakeng sa atherosclerosis ea likarolo tse tlase
Phekolo e latela matšoao a lefu lena, sethala sa lona, 'me le kenyelletsa phetoho ea bophelo ba mokuli, meriana le mekhoa ea ho buoa.
Phekolo ea methati ea pele e ka etsoa ka mokhoa o hlokometseng, mokuli o fuoa litlhahiso mabapi le lijo, ho ikoetlisa ka tsela e leka-lekaneng le tlhokomelo ea maoto.
Lijo bakeng sa kalafo ea atherosulinosis e lokela ho ba tse leka-lekaneng, ka ho kenyelletsoa lijong tsa meroho le litholoana, lijo-thollo, mefuta e fokolang ea nama le tlhapi, mofuta o lekaneng oa ho nooa.
Ha e le mehloli ea protheine, nama ea khoho, tlhapi e mafura a tlase, linaoa, soya, protheine ea lehe la khoho e loketse.
Lijo tse nang le mafura li qheletsoe ka thoko - soseji, pastes, yolks, lijo tse potlakileng, lijo tse bonolo.
Tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea maoto le eona e bohlokoa - ho qoba hypothermia, ho roala lieta tse phutholohileng, eseng haufi, kapa li-orthopedic haeba ho khonahala, ho etsa li-pedicures ka nepo, ho phekola maqeba a manyane letlalong ka li-antiseptics.
Ho boetse ho bohlale ho sebelisa libate tsa maoto tse fapaneng le li-decoctions tsa litlama kapa letsoai.
Ka marang-rang u ka fumana litlhahlobo tse nepahetseng mabapi le litlhahiso tsa setso bakeng sa kalafo, tsena li kenyelletsa ho tšela oli ka oli ka mohloaare oa leoatle kapa oa leoatle, li-decoctions tsa molora oa thaba kapa dille. Empa ho lokela ho hopoloa hore hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa litlolo tse joalo ka kopanelo le kalafo e ngoe le kamora ho ba le li-contraindication.
Phekolo ea lithethefatsi ea atherosulinosis:
- Baemeli ba Hypolipidemic - Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin, fibrate, nicotinic acid.
- Li-antispasmodics - No-shpa, Drotaverin, Papaverin.
- Lithethefatsi tse tlatsetsang - Vazoprostan, Trental, Curantil, Cilostazol.
- Li-antiplatelet agents le li-anticoagulants - Aspirin, Cardiomagnyl, Magnikor, Fraksiparin, Heparin, Enoksiparin, Clopidogrel.
Ntle le moo, kalafo ea vithamine le physiotherapy li sebelisoa ts'ebetsong ea kalafo.
Phekolo ea kalafo ea atherosulinosis
Ho khutlisetsa phallo ea mali mokhahlelong oa pele le oa bobeli, ho sebelisoa ts'ebetso e tlase-e hlaselang 'mele - ho baka, ho buuoa ka tsela e fetisang, balloon angioplasty, thrombendarteriectomy, angioplasty ka alloprosthetics kapa autoprosthetics.
Bakeng sa kalafo ea methapo ea boraro le ea bone ea atherosulinosis, ho sebelisoa kalafo e rarahaneng, e kenyeletsang likhakanyo tse akaretsang tseleng ea bophelo le lijo, kalafo ea lithethefatsi le ho buuoa.
Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le ischemia e mahlonoko, ho ke ke ha khoneha ho etsa opereishene e kenang e sa bonahaleng, kaha phallo ea mali e na le mathata a mangata, 'me ho ba le liphetoho tse sa fetoheng tsa ischemic le necrotic.
Ka linako tse ling mokhoa o le mong oa ho tsoa maemong a joalo, ka lebaka la bongata bo boholo ba lisele tsa necrotic, tšenyo eseng feela ka bonolo empa hape le lithane tsa masapo, ke ho khaoloa ha sebaka se amehileng.
Ena ke e 'ngoe ea liopereishene tsa khale ka ho fetesisa,' me moelelo oa tsona ke ho tlosa karoloana ea leoto hammoho le lesapo, ho poma leoto le matsoho ka tlase maemong a sa khonehang ho boloka lisele tse nang le bothata.
Ho ipapisitsoe le boemo ba methapo ea methapo le liphetoho lipakeng tsa libaka tse haufi, ho khaoloa ho phahameng le ho tlase.
Ho khaoloa ho phahameng ho bitsoa ha leoto le khaola ka holimo ho lengole, le tlase - ka boholo ba menoana, leoto, leoto le tlase.
Lintlafatso li boetse li aroloa ka mathomo le mahareng.
Matšoao a ts'ebeliso - occlusion ea methapo e felletseng, e tsamaeang le bohloko bo boholo, ho se be le phello ho tsoa kalafong ea methapo, liphetoho tse bang teng letlalong le mesifa.
Ho buoa ka bongata ho thibela ho hlaha ha mathata - sepsis, ts'oaetso ea bobeli ea litho tse ling.
Ho lokela ho hopoloa hore ka mor'a ho khaoloa, kalafo sethaleng sena ha e fela, hobane atherosulinosis hangata e tsoela pele ka bongata, 'me haufinyane boemo ba phallo ea mali bo ka mpefala.
Kamora ho buuoa ka matla, ho hlokahala mehato ea ho khutlisetsa - ho buuoa kapele kapa ho choachoasela, matsoele.
Thibelo ea ho felisoa ha atherosulinosis e kenyelletsa ho lula u ikoetlisa, ho iphepa hantle, ho khaotsa ho tsuba le ho sebelisa joala hampe, nako le nako ho hlahloba k'holeseterole le likaroloana tse ling tsa lipid, khatello ea mali, kalafo e tlang ka nako ea li-pathologies tsa nakong e tlang.
Tsela eo atherosulinosis e tšoaroang ka eona e hlalositsoe videong ena.
