Cholesterol ke motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale, joala ba mafura a tlhaho bo nang le tumellano e bonolo ea waxy. Ntho ena, e nang le lipids le li-steroid, e fumanoa tsamaisong ea methapo, letlalo, mesifa ea mesifa, sebete, mala le pelo.
E hlahisoa ke 'mele ka tsela ea tlhaho' me e sebetsa e le thepa ea moaho ea estrogen le testosterone, hammoho le litho tsa sele. Chelete e ka sehloohong ea cholesterol e entsoe ka sebete, phomolo e feta lijong - lihlapi, nama le lihlahisoa tsa lebese.
Motsoako ona o nkuoa e le oa bohlokoa, empa ha o ata maling, ho tšeloa methapo ea methapo, ho lebisang ho atherosclerosis. Sena le sona se baka lefu la pelo le stroke.
Ke eng e ka eketsang cholesterol?
Cholesterol e phahamisitsoeng hangata e bonoa ho batho ba tsofetseng, kotsi ea ho bokellana ha ntho maling e eketseha ka mor'a lilemo tse 55. Hape, tlolo ea molao hangata e bonoa bongoaneng, haeba ngoana a haelloa ke phepo ho tloha bongoaneng.
Ho basali, pele ho ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli, hangata, cholesterol e felletseng e tlase. Boemong bona, tlhahlobo ea mali hangata e bonts'a khatello e kholo ea seo ho thoeng ke cholesterol e ntle ea HDL. Sena se bakoa ke ketsahalo ea lihormone tsa botona ba botšehali. Nakong ea ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli, palo ea estrogen e fokotseha haholo.
Ka kakaretso, cholesterol e bohlokoa ka hore e khothaletsa tlhahiso ea lihormone tse fapaneng, asiti ea bile, vithamine D. Ka tsamaiso ea potoloho, lintho tsa bohlokoa li tsamaisoa ho pholletsa le 'mele' me li hlaha likarolong tsohle tsa kahare.
- Mehloli ea k'holeseterole ke mahe, lihlahisoa tsa lebese, nama ea liphoofolo le likhoho.
- Sesebelisoa se eketsehileng sa ntho ena se bonoa ka mothapong oa lehe, nama ea nama, shrimp, crayfish, caviar ea tlhapi.
- Meroho, litholoana, lijo-thollo, lijo-thollo, linate le lipeo ha li na cholesterol, ka hona lihlahisoa tsena li bohlokoa ho kenyelletsa lijong bakeng sa mathata a metabolic.
Matšoao a motsoako o kotsi oa LDL maling a ka eketseha haeba a ka jeoa ka nepo, a sebelisa lebese le leholo, nama, lijo tse mafura, a phela bophelo ba ho lula fatše. Ho kenyelletsa sesosa e kanna ea ba semelo sa lefutso.
Batho ba tsubang ba na le cholesterol e tlaase haholo.
Hape, tlolo ea molao hangata e lemohuoa ka boima bo feteletseng, boteng ba lefu la tsoekere, khatello ea kelello kapa khatello ea maikutlo.
Khatello ea cholesterol e mpe le e ntle
Ho lekanya boemo ba mefuta eohle ea cholesterol, ho etsoa tlhahlobo ea mali ka kakaretso le ea biochemical. Ho lekola hantle sephetho sa thuto, o hloka ho tseba hore na cholesterol ea HDL le LDL ke eng.
Tabeng ea pele, k'holeseterole e ntle e boleloa, e na le lipoprotein tse phahameng kapa alpha lipoprotein. Sekhahla se phahameng sa ntho ena se sireletsa khahlanong le lefu la pelo. Haeba mahloriso a HDL a le ka tlase ho 40 mg / dl, menyetla ea ho tšoaroa ke pelo le stroke e eketseha haholo.
LDL cholesterol, e nang le lipoprotein ea low-density LDL kapa beta-lipoprotein, e nkoa e le mpe. Ka litefiso tse phahameng, ntho e joalo e kotsi ka hore e lula maboteng a ka hare a methapo ea methapo, e bakang ho thehoa ha li-plaque tsa atherosselotic. Ka lebaka la khokahano ea methapo, methapo ea mali e fokola, ha e fetohe habonolo, ka lebaka leo, atherosulinosis ea hlaha.
Lintho tsena li fapana ka boholo le sebopeho:
- Ka li-triglycerides tse phahameng, hangata HDL hangata e tlase ebile LDL e phahameng. Boemo bona bo bonoa ka boima bo feteletseng ba 'mele, ho se ikoetlise' meleng, ho tsuba, ho sebelisa lino tse tahang hampe, tlala e feteletseng le khafetsa, ho kenyelletsoa ha lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse ngata lijong. Ka triglycerides ea 150 kapa ho feta, metabolic syndrome hangata e hlaha, e lebisang ho lefu la tsoekere le lefu la pelo.
- Lipoprotein ke mofuta o fapaneng oa lipoprotein tse tsoang tlaase. Boemong bo phahameng, ho kenngoa mafura a mangata methapong ea mali, 'me e ba tšusumetso ho nts'etsopele ea lefu la pelo.
Teko ea Cholesterol
Ho fumana sephetho se nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa, o hloka ho itokisa pele o etela laboratoring. Ho etsa sena, pele u khetha boemo ba cholesterol, o lokela ho hana lijo ka lihora tse 12. Ke metsi feela a lumelloang ho noeng, soda le ho e kofi a lokelang ho kenyelletsoa lijong. Ho bohlokoa hape ho emisa ka nakoana meriana e ka khopisang liphetho.
Ba hlahloba mali bakeng sa cholesterol khafetsa e le ho bona tlolo ea molao ka nako le ho thibela nts'etsopele ea mathata. Tlhahlobo ea thibelo e etsoa lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse hlano bakeng sa banna ba lilemo tse 20 ho isa ho tse 35 le basali ba lilemo tse 20-45.
Teko e joalo e etsoa ka botebo boteng ba lefu la tsoekere, khatello ea mali e phahameng, lefu la pelo le li-pathologies tse ling tse bakang atherosclerosis. Ngoana o hlahlojoa haeba e mong oa batsoali a na le cholesterol e phahameng. Ho feta moo, ngaka e ka fana ka tlhahlobo ea mali ho bona hore na kalafo e sebetsa hantle hakae.
Tsebiso ea mokuli e etsoa ka sepheo sa:
- Lekola kotsi ea ho ba le liphetoho tsa atherosselotic methapong ea methapo ea kutlo;
- Lekola ts'ebetso ea sebete le maemo a akaretsang a setho sa ka hare;
- Lemoga tlolo ea metabolism ea lipid;
- Fumana hore na karolo ea cholesterol ea HDL e tlaase kapa e tloaelehileng.
Ho latela tafole, cholesterol e felletseng e ka tloha ho 3.0 ho isa ho 6.0 mmol / L. Ho basali, moetlo oa LDL ke 1.92-4.51 mmol / litha, HDL ke 0.86-2.2 mmol / litha. Ho banna, matšoao a k'holeseterole e ntle a fihla ho 0.7-1.73 mmol / litha, e mpe - 2.25-4.82 mmol / litha.
Tekanyo e tloaelehileng ea triglycerides e nkuoa e le tlase ho 200 mg / dl, e phahameng - ho tloha 400 mg / dl kapa ho feta.
Motheong oa data e fumanoeng, kotsi ea ho ba le lefu la pelo e ikemiselitse mme kalafo e nepahetseng ka lijo le meriana e laetsoe.
Hobaneng ha cholesterol e nyoloha
K'holeseterole e felletseng e ka eketsoa ka lebaka la biliary cirrhosis, hyperlipidemia ea lelapa, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, lefu la tsoekere le sa laoleheng la tsoekere, ts'ebetso ea sebete, ho ruruha ha cholestasis e feteletseng, glomerulonephritis, ho ba teng ha litla-morao tse mpe tsa "prostate" le "manyeme", joala joala,
Hape, sesosa e ka ba tlhekefetso ea lijo tse mafura, lefu la pelo, boimana, thalassemia e kholo, ho tlosoa hoa mahe, ho senyeha ha moea ka nako e telele, idiopathic hypercalcemia.
Ho bokuli bofe kapa bofe bo matla, khatello ea cholesterol e felletseng e nyoloha kapa, ka lehlakoreng le leng, ea fokotseha. Ka hona, haeba motho a kula, tlhahlobo ea mali e phetoa kamora likhoeli tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo.
Maemo a lipid a theohileng a ka bonoa le:
- Hyperthyroidism;
- Lefu la sebete;
- Malabsorption;
- Khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng;
- Anemia ea kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere;
- Sepsis;
- Lefu la Tangier;
- Hypoproteinemia;
- Cirrhosis ea sebete;
- Ho ruruha ho matla ha sebete;
- Sideroblastic le anemiablastic anemia;
- Lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary lefu;
- Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Ha u senola lintlha tse phahameng, ho bohlokoa ho fokotsa maemo a cholesterol e mpe ka nako e le ho thibela nts'etsopele ea atherosulinosis le litlamorao tse ling tse mpe. Sena se tla emisa ho thehoa ha lipalo tse ncha tsa methapo ea methapo methapong ea mali, ho fokotsa letsoalo la li-cholesterol depositi, ho phahamisa leseli la methapo, le ho felisa marang-rang a thibelang ho fetela ha mali methong.
Sena le sona se fokotsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pelo, ho otloa le lefu la ho ruruha. Methapo ea mokokotlo, carotid, boko le tšehali, tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea litho tsa bohlokoa tsa kahare le likarolo tsa 'mele, le tsona li hloekisoa.
Ho fetola boemo, o hloka ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa hau oa ho ja, ho hana lijo tse mafura. Letsatsi le lumelloa ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tse seng 200 20000 g ea cholesterol. Lisebelisoa li lokela ho kenyelletsa fiber. Mokuli o tlameha ho boloka boima ba 'mele bo tloaelehileng, ho ikoetlisa khafetsa, ho boloka bophelo bo botle.
Haeba mokuli a ntse a mpefala le ho feta, ngaka e beha meriana. Lithethefatsi tse joalo li fokotsa cholesterol e mpe, li thibela ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho otloa, le ho ntlafatsa bophelo. Lithethefatsi tse tsebahalang haholo ke rosuvastatin, sodium fluvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin, khalsiamo ea atorvastatin, pravastatin sodium, rosucard.
Ntle le moo, mokuli o khothalletsoa ho sebelisa li-statins tsa tlhaho ea tlhaho, tse kenyeletsang vithamine C, B3, konofolo, curcumin, oli ea tlhapi, flaxseeds, polycanazole, basil, artichoke, raese e khubelu e halikiloeng, soya, monokotšoai, meroho le litholoana.
Mabapi le cholesterol e hlalositsoe videong ena.
