Lefu la tsoekere le nkela sebaka sa boraro sa lefu, kamora mafu a pelo le mofets'e, ho latela lipalo tsa WHO. Ka bomalimabe, palo ea bakuli e ntse e eketseha selemo se seng le se seng. Ho feta 70% ea bakuli ke basali. Bo-rasaense ha ba e-so senole taba ena, ka lebaka la eona 'mele oa mosali o kotsing ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la tsoekere.
Tekanyo ea tsoekere ea mali ho basali hangata e ferekana ha a le lilemo li 40 ho isa ho tse 43. Ha u tseba lefu lena, ho hlokahala bophelo bohle ho latela litaelo tsohle tsa endocrinologist. Sena se tla thusa ho thibela ente ea insulin, le phetoho ea lefu la tsoekere la 2 ho 1. Mofuta oa pele, lefu la tsoekere le lokela ho fana ka ente ea insulin letsatsi le letsatsi.
Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea mali, mokuli o fana ka mali ho tsoa ka monoana le mothapong. Tlhahlobo ea ho qetela e fana ka phello e nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa, 'me index ea tsoekere e fapane le e fumanoang maling a arohanang.
Bakeng sa ho bona ngaka ka nako, le ho ba le nako ea ho netefatsa boemo ba lefu la tsoekere, o hloka ho tseba matšoao ohle a ka pele ho lefu lena, boemo ba tsoekere ea mali ho mosali kamora lilemo tse 40 ho tloha mothapo, ho etsa tlhahlobo, le hore na o nka mehato efe ea thibelo.
Ka tlase re tla fana ka litlhaloso tse felletseng tsa lintho tse kaholimo, 'me re fane ka tafole ea maemo a tloaelehileng a tsoekere ho lefu la tsoekere le prediabetes.
Matšoao a matšoao
Ho na le matšoao a mangata a ke keng a qojoa a ka bonts'a ho ba teng ha lefu la tsoekere, ho sa tsotelehe hore na mosali o lilemo li kae, ke tsena:
- phefumoloho e mpe;
- mofufutso o boima;
- mokhathala o sa potang;
- lenyora la khafetsa;
- tahlehelo ea tšohanyetso kapa boima ba 'mele;
- ho senyeha ha pono;
- Pholiso e fosahetseng leha e le likotsi tse nyane.
Haeba basali, haholo-holo nakong ea lilemo tse 41 ho isa ho tse 45, ba le bonyane ba matšoao a kaholimo, joale u lokela ho bona ngaka ho feta liteko tse nepahetseng. Ho joalo, u ka nka mali ho tloha monoana lapeng u sebelisa glucometer, empa tlhahlobo ena e tla ba e sa nepahalang.
Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea mali, ho sebelisoa mali a venous feela.
Liteko le litekanyetso tsa tsoekere
Tlhahlobo efe kapa efe ea pele e fanoa feela ka mpa e se nang letho. Molao o mong - lijo tsa ho qetela ke lihora tse 8 - 9 pele ho sampole ea mali bakeng sa tsoekere. Tlhahlobo le mojaro o boetse oa fanoa, ke hore, mokuli o nkuoa mali, 'me ka mor'a moo o tlameha ho nka tsoekere, e rekiloeng ho pharmacy efe kapa efe. Kamora metsotso e 120, ho nkuoa hape.
Ho qhekella ho joalo ho tla bontša hore na 'mele oa mosali o sebetsana le tsoekere, e kenang maling. Ngaka, ka boikhethelo ba hae, a ka eketsa tlhahlobo ea mali kamora ho ja, e tla nkuoa matsatsing a 2-3. Ho khothalletsoa batho ba lilemo tse 46 ho latela setšoantšo sa kliniki ea manyeme.
Joalokaha ho hlalositsoe pejana, endocrinologist e lokela ho fana ka letoto la liteko (sampling ea mali) ho mokuli, e leng:
- madi a capillary (ho tloha monwana);
- mali a venous.
Bakuli ba bangata ba ipotsa hore na boemo ba tsoekere ea mali ho basali ke eng, hobane bo fapana le ba tlhaho. Ho mashome a mane, letšoao lena ke 6.1 mmol / L mme ha le fetohe ho basali, ho fihlela lilemo tse 59. Empa ha ua tšoanela ho tšoarella ho palo ena ha ho tluoa maling a tsoang molomong. Mona ntho e tloaelehileng ke 12% e tlase ho se kaholimo - ho fihlela ho 5.5 mmol / l.
Haeba mokuli a na le litekanyetso tse tlase tsa tsoekere, ena ke hypoglycemia e ka hlahang ho batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere haeba ho na le tsoekere e matla ea tsoekere ho tloha boemong bo phahameng ho ea ho bo tloaelehileng. Tekanyo e tlase ea tsoekere e ka baka asphyxia ho mokuli le komello.
Sekhahla se tloaelehileng sa tsoekere:
- ho tloha monwana - ho tloha 3,3 ho isa ho 5.5 mmol / l;
- ho tloha mothapo - ho tloha ho 4 ho isa ho 6.1 mmol / l.
Nakong ea ho khaotsa ho ilela khoeli, e pakeng tsa lilemo tse 44 ho isa ho tse 47, o hloka ho beha leihlo tsoekere khafetsa, hobane boemo ba mosali ba mosali bo fetoha, mme insulin le eona ke hormone.
Union of Endocrinologists e khothaletsa ho qala ka lilemo tse 42 ho etsa liteko tsa tsoekere ea mali bonyane hang ka likhoeli tse ling le tse ling. Kahoo, hoa khonahala ho tseba boemo ba lefu la tsoekere, le phekoloang ka katleho ntle le kalafo ea lithethefatsi, re sebelisa:
- lijo tse khethiloeng ka ho khetheha, ho nahanela setšoantšo sa bakuli;
- boikoetliso
Matšoao a lefu la tsoekere ho basali ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 49 ho kenyeletsoa le matšoao a lefu la tsoekere ho basali ba lilemo tse 50, ke:
- ho tloha ho 6.1 mmol / l ho isa ho 6.9 mmol / l (madi a capillary);
- ho tloha ho 8,0 mmol / l ho isa ho 12,0 mmol / l ha ho lekoa ka mojaro - tlhahlobo ea mamello ea glucose.
Melao ea lijo
Haeba ho fumanoa hore u na le lefu la tsoekere, kapa mmuso oa prediabetes, u tlameha ho latela melao e meng ea phepo - lijo tsohle li entsoe ka oli, li fuoe kapa li phehiloe. Lihlahisoa tse latelang li lokela ho lahloa:
- liswiti, lihlahisoa tsa phofo, chokolete le tsoekere;
- joala
- lijo tse halikiloeng, tse tsubiloeng, tse letsoai;
- lihlahisoa tsa lebese tse mafura le lihlahisoa tsa lebese le bolila - botoro, tranelate e bolila;
- nama e mafura le tlhapi.
Sehlahisoa se setle sa nama bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere ke sefuba sa khoho, ntle le letlalo le tloso ea mafura, 'me ka hona, li-cutlets tsa likhoho tsa mofuta oa 2 diabetes. Mefuta ea litlhapi tsa lense le eona e lumelloa - hake, pollock. Nako le nako, nama ea khomo ea nama e ka jeoa. Empa sena ke khethollo eseng molao.
Ho bohlokoa ho tlohela meroho le litholoana tse joalo:
- li-beet;
- litapole
- lihoete;
- maleatlana;
- banana
- liapole tse khubelu
- morara.
Leha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling u ka pheha lihoete le litapole, empa u ke ke ua li etsa litapole tse khotliloeng ho bona, ho molemo ho sebelisa litlolo moo meroho ena e tšeloang likoto.
Khetha litapole tse nyane - e na le index ea glycemic hangata makhetlo a manyane. Pele u pheha, li-tubers li lokela ho ineloa ka metsing a batang bosiu bo le bong, kahoo starch e feteletseng e tla tsoa.
Porridge e lokiselitsoe ntle le ho eketsa botoro, e lumelloa ho eketsa tee ea oli ea mohloaare ka sejana sa lehlakoreng. Kamora ho ja porela efe kapa efe, u ke ke ua e noesa ka lihlahisoa tsa lebese le tse bolila-lebese.
Tlas'a thibelo, batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba na le raese e tšoeu, e na le index e phahameng ea glycemic. E ka nkeloa sebaka ke raese e sootho (e sootho), e sa fapana ka tatso ho tloha ho tloaelehileng, empa e pheha metsotso e ka bang 35 mme e na le index e tlase ea glycemic.
Boikoetliso ba 'mele
Se ke oa nahana hore, haeba mosali, ka mohlala, a le lilemo li 48, hore ke ketsahalo ea ho lebala ka ho ikoetlisa. Ho ikoetlisa ka nepo ho tla thusa ho loantšeng tsoekere e ngata. Likhetho tse loketseng e tla ba:
- ho sesa
- Ho tsamaea
- tsamaea moeeng o mocha.
Ho hlokahala hore u kopane letsatsi le leng le le leng, eseng ka tlase ho metsotso e 45. Ho molemo ha mokuli a fetola mefuta ena ea boikoetliso. Hona ha ho na ho ba le phello ea kalafo e matlafatsang feela ntoeng e khahlano le lefu la tsoekere, empa hape ho matlafatsa mesifa le tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo. Video e sehloohong sena e tla tsoelapele ka sehlooho sa tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere.
