Lefu la tsoekere ke lefu la sethoathoa sa endocrine le ka hlahang ka nako efe kapa efe. Ha a na bong le maemo sechabeng. Lisosa tsa lefu la ho kula li ka fapana: lefutso la lefutso, boima ba 'mele oa methapo, ho ba teng ha litloaelo tse mpe, khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng.
Bolwetse bo tsoela pele ka mokhoa oa likhetho tse peli. Ka mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, manyeme ha a sebetsane le mesebetsi ea ona, ho hlahisa insulin e nyane ho feta kamoo ho hlokahalang ho netefatsa phallo ea lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa. Boloetse ba mofuta oa 2 bo tšoauoa ka phetoho ea kutloisiso ea lisele le lisele tsa mmele ho ntho e sebetsang ea lihormone.
Mefuta eo ka bobeli e tsamaisana le tekanyetso e phahameng ea tsoekere maling (hyperglycemia). Ka holim'a lipalo tse tloaelehileng li hloka khalemelo. Sena se hlokahala ho thibela nts'etsopele ea mathata a lefu lena. Motheo oa kalafo le thibelo ea mofuta o ikemetseng oa insulin ke lijo tse nang le carb e tlase bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, likarolo le molao-motheo oa tsona tse tšohliloeng ka tlase.
Lefu la tsoekere le Lijo
Mmele oa motho ea phetseng hantle o itlhahisa ka matla a hlokahalang ka lebaka la metabolism ea carbohydrate. Sena se etsahala ka tsela e latelang:
- Lijo li kena 'meleng, li oela likarolong tse nyane ho kenyelletsa monosaccharides (glucose).
- Tsoekere e kenella ka leboteng la mala ho kena maling, moo boemo ba eona bo fetang bo tloaelehileng ho isa bo boholo.
- Boko bo romella letšoao ho manyeme ka tlhokahalo ea ho ntša insulin maling hore e abeloe glucose liseleng tsa 'mele.
Insulin ke hormone ea bohlokoa e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho tsamaisa tsoekere liseleng tsa 'mele.
Mofuta oa bobeli oa lefu la tsoekere o tšoauoa ke hore tšoelesa e pata insulin e lekaneng, empa lisele "ha li e bone." Phello ke hyperglycemia, eo ka mokhoa o chefo e amang boemo ba 'mele. Metabolism ea Carbohydrate e ferekanngoa.
Tekanyo e phahameng ea tsoekere e kotsi hobane ts'ebetso e kholo ea "glycation" e qala. Sena se lebisa ho sitisoeng ha lits'ebetso tsa ntlafatso ea lisele le lisele. Mathata a teng hamorao a hlaha karolong ea tlhahlobo ea pono, liphio, methapo ea mali le tsamaiso ea methapo.
Melao-motheo ea phepo e nepahetseng
Likarolo tsa kalafo ea ho ja bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere ke tse latelang:
- Fokotsa bongata ba lik'habohaedreite tse bonolo lijong. Sena se bakoa ke ho fokotseha ha solo ea baking le bijoux, lijo-thollo tse ling (leloala le tšoeu, semolina).
- Hoa hlokahala ho eketsa ts'ebeliso ea li-saccharides tse rarahaneng. Li na le mofuta o mongata oa fiber ea ho ja (ka ho khetheha fiber), e ntseng e eketsa sekhahla sa tsoekere maling.
- Sebelisa metsi a lekaneng ka metsi a lekaneng ho isa ho lilithara tse peli ka letsatsi, lino, tee, lino, litholoana, lino tse nang le liminerale ntle le khase.
- Kenyelletsa lijong tsa lijo tse nang le livithamini le liminerale tse ngata. U ka sebelisa litlatsetso tsa phepo ho khutlisetsa boemo ba potasiamo, calcium, le magnesium, tse hlahisitsoeng ka lebaka la polyuria.
- Qoba tsoekere, sebelisa litlatsetso tsa tlhaho tsa maiketsetso le tlhaho.
Lijo tse phetseng hantle ke senotlolo sa bophelo bo botle
Ke lokela ho sheba eng ha ke etsa lenane la lijo?
Ntle le taba ea hore ngaka e eang e bokella lethathamo la lihlahisoa tse thibetsoeng mokuli ea itseng, ho na le matšoao a mang ao u lokelang ho a ela hloko ha o etsa lethathamo la motho ka mong.
Lenane la Glycemic
Ena ke letšoao la dijithale le bonts'ang hore tsoekere ea mali e nyoloha hakae kamora ho ts'oaroa hoa sejana kapa sehlahisoa se itseng. Ha ho hlokahale hore u bale lenane lena ka boeona, ho na le litafole tse entsoeng esale pele tseo motho e mong le e mong oa lefu la tsoekere a lokelang ho ba le tsona.
GI ke sesupo sa phello ea sehlahisoa boemong ba glycemia mabapi le phello ea glucose 'meleng. Ha lipalo li le tlase (0-39), ke sehlahisoa se sireletsehileng bakeng sa motho ea kulang. Lihlahisoa tse nang le index ea bolelele (40-69) li ka kenyelletsoa ka har'a menyu ea motho ka mong, empa ka hloko. Lijana tseo tse nang le index e phahameng ea GI (ka holimo ho 70) li lokela ho lahloa kapa ho fokotsa moeli oa tsona ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.
Lenane la insulin
Ena ke pontšo e hlakisang palo ea insulin e ntšitsoeng maling ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea sehlahisoa ho khutlisetsa glycemia meeling e tloaelehileng. Linomoro tsena li bohlokoa le ho feta ka lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, empa le hloka ho tsotelloa ka mofuta oa 2, ha lisele tsa sephiri tsa insulin li se li le maemong a ho khathala.
Litaba tsa khalori
Letšoao le khethollang boleng ba sehlahisoa. E baloa ka bongata ba kcal ka 100 g ea sehlahisoa. Mafura a na le likhalase tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa (1 g - 9 kcal), li-saccharides le lipids li fokola hanyane (4 kcal ka 1 g).
Endocrinologist ke mothusi ea ka sehloohong ho lefu la tsoekere, eseng feela litabeng tsa kalafo, empa le linakong tsa kalafo ea ho ja.
Sekhahla se hlokahalang sa likhalase sa letsatsi se baloa ke endocrinologist kapa setsebi sa phepo ka bohona ho mokuli ka mong. Ho latela matšoao a latelang:
- lilemo
- boima ba mmele
- kholo le ho aha;
- mokhoa oa bophelo, ho kenyelletsa le boemo ba ho ikoetlisa.
- boemo ba metabolic.
Ke lihlahisoa life tseo ke lokelang ho li khetha?
Lijo tse nang le carb e tlase bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 (menus ea beke le beke) li kenyelletsa lijo tse 'maloa, tse tšohliloeng ka tlase.
Furu le bohobe
E lumelletsoe ho kenyelletsa lihlahisoa tsa ho ja tse thehiloeng ho phofo e joalo:
- boi
- buckwheat;
- raese;
- sehlopha sa bobeli sa koro.
Pitsa ea butter le puff e lokela ho lahloa, hobane e na le index e phahameng ea glycemic ka lebaka la lihlahisoa tse sebelisoang ho pheha.
Meroho le litholoana
Lijo tsa carb tse tlase li kenyelletsa meroho eohle e metala. Li na le likhalase tse tlase le li-indices tsa glycemic tse tlase, tse li khethollang e le sehlopha sa lijo tse lumelloang. Ntle le moo, sebopeho se kenyelletsa li-vithamine tse ngata, likarolo tsa trace, flavonoids le li-antioxidants, tse sa sebetseng ho mokuli feela, empa le 'mele o phetseng hantle.
Meroho le litholoana - lijo tse lokelang ho ba lenaneng la tsoekere letsatsi le letsatsi
Ho tloha litholoana, o ka kenyelletsa liapolekose, limango, libanana, li-cherries le li-cherries, morara le liperekisi ka har'a lijo. Litholoana ha li na thuso eseng ka sebopeho se secha feela. U ka etsa jeme ho bona (ho bohlokoa hore u se ke ua sebelisa tsoekere ho pheha) kapa lero le sa tsoa hlatsoa.
Nama le tlhapi
Lenane le kenyeletsa lihlahisoa tse latelang:
Lijo tse sebetsang tsa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2- veal;
- nama ea khomo;
- mmutla;
- turkey
- Kuku
- trout;
- salmon;
- pollock;
- carp ea crucian.
Ka mofuta o ikemetseng oa lefu lena la insulin, mahe a mabeli a lumelloa ka letsatsi, haholo-holo ka foromo e phehiloeng. U ka kenyelletsa omelet ka har'a menyu, empa e lokela ho ts'oaroa ho feta e halikiloe. Mahe a Quail le ona a bohlokoa. E ama ka nepo boemo ba mokokotlo oa mpa, e matlafatsa boitšireletso ba mmele, hape e thusa ho holisa bokhoni ba kelello.
Lihlahisoa tsa lebese le lebese
Lihlahisoa tsa sehlopha sena li bohlokoa ho kenyelletsa lethathamong la letsatsi le letsatsi la batho ba lefu la tsoekere. Ba na le calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potasiamo. Lebese le nkoa e le tšusumetso e ntle bakeng sa tšebetso ea liphio le sebete, hammoho le sehlahisoa sa bohlokoa se matlafatsang sesole sa 'mele sa motho.
Lihlahisoa tsa lebese ha li monate feela, empa li boetse li phetse hantle
Ho bohlokoa ho khetha kakaretso ea mafura a sehlahisoa, eseng ho se sebelisa hampe (palo ea letsatsi le letsatsi - eseng ho feta 400 ml). Lebese le sa tsoakoang ho molemo hore le se sebelisoe le lefu la mofuta oa 2, kaha le ka baka tsoekere maling.
Khetho e fuoa:
- kefir;
- lebese le halikiloeng le halikiloeng;
- yogati;
- Whey;
- li-mushroom tsa lebese.
Bolila tranelate le yoghur e lokela ho ba le mafura a mahareng. Ho khothalletsoa hore u je yoghur ntle le monko.
Lijarete
E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lijo-thollo e bohlokoa bakeng sa lijo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa lefu la tsoekere. Mokhelo ke semolina. Kerese ena ha e khothalletsoe ho pheha, kaha e na le lethathamo la khalori e phahameng, index ea bohlokoa ea glycemic le limatlafatsi tse fokolang ho eona.
E bohlokoa bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa bobeli ke:
- buckwheat;
- porridge ea koro;
- nyalothe;
- oatmeal;
- pearl harese.
Oatmeal - porridge e thatafatsang tšilo ea lijo le ho matlafatsa sesole sa 'mele
Lihlahisoa tse ling
Bakeng sa lino, litsebi li khothaletsa ho khetha metsi a hloekileng a nooang, metsi a nang le liminerale ntle le khase, lino tse tahang, lino tse tahang litholoana. Ha ho bohlale ho sebelisa lino-mapholi tsa mabenkele hobane li na le tsoekere e ngata, litatso le mebala. U lokela hape ho qoba ho horseradish, mosetareta, lisose tse rekiloeng.
Mohlala oa Mehla e le 'ngoe ea Letsatsi
Lijo tsa pele li lokela ho tšohloa le endocrinologist kapa setsebi sa phepo. Litsebi tse tšoanelehang li tla u joetsa lihlahisoa tsa bohlokoa tseo u lokelang ho li kenyelletsa lijong, le hore na ke life tse lokelang ho lahloa. Ela hloko ho ja letsatsi le letsatsi la khalori, boima ba 'mele oa mokuli, bong, lilemo, matšoao a glycemic ea lihlahisoa le lijo tse lokiselitsoeng batho.
Sampole ea letsatsi bakeng sa letsatsi:
- lijo tsa hoseng - mahe a besitsoeng, bohobe le botoro, tee;
- lijo tse bobebe - tse 'maloa tsa li-blackberry;
- lijo tsa motšehare - moro oa meroho, nyalothe, fillet ea khoho e phehiloeng, compote;
- lijo tse bobebe - apole;
- lijo tsa motšeare - sechu sa meroho, tlhapi e phehiloeng, bohobe, seno se nooang litholoana;
- senoko - tee kapa ryazhenka.
Liphetoho tsa lefu la tsoekere
Ho na le palo e kholo ea likhetho tsa ho pheha bakeng sa eseng feela tse phetseng hantle, empa hape le lijana tse monate bakeng sa batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba sa tšepahaleng ke insulin.
Carrot le salate ea apole
Lithako tsa Bohlokoa:
- lihoete - 2 likhomphutha .;
- apole - li-pcs tse 2 .;
- tranelate e bolila 1% mafura - 2 tbsp. l .;
- pina ea letsoai;
- dill le parsley - sehlopha;
- xylitol.
Rinse hantle, ebola ebe o khaola likharetlana. Bakeng sa ho sila, o ka sebelisa grater. Nako ea salate ka tranelate e bolila, eketsa letsoai le xylitol ho latsoa, litlama tse khethiloeng.
Zucchini e nang le nama
Ena risepe e hloka metsoako e latelang:
- zucchini - 600 g;
- fillet ea khoele e halikiloeng - 200 g;
- raese e sootho - 50 g;
- tamati - 3 li-pcs .;
- onion - li-pcs tse 2 .;
- tranelate e bolila - 3 tbsp. l .;
- mafura a meroho - 3 tbsp. l .;
- letsoai le meroho.
Zucchini ke sehlahisoa se nang le khalori e tlase e nang le index ea "glycemic" e tlase
Zucchini e tlameha ho hlatsuoa, ho qhekelloa ebe e khaoloa meheleng Ka har'a bona etsa likhoele tsa likhoho le ho qobella khoho e halikiloeng, e kopantsoeng pele le raese e sootho e phehiloeng. E latelang, lakane ea ho baka e tlotsitsoe ka mafura a meroho, e tšela zucchini, ebe u tšela ka holim'a sose ka tamati e halikiloeng, onion le tranelate e bolila. Pheha ka ontong bakeng sa halofo ea hora.
Curd Souffle
Ho hlokahala ho lokisa:
- chisi e nang le mafura a mahareng - 0.5 kg;
- liapole - 300 g;
- lehe la likhoho - li-pcs tse 2 .;
- lebese - 150 ml;
- phofo - 3 tbsp
Tšela chisi ea chisi ka sieve, eketsa liapole tse halikiloeng le tse khabisitsoeng. Ebe u khanna li-yolks, eketsa phofo le lebese. Makhooa a mahe a shapuoa ka thoko 'me a kenngoa ka hloko ka bongata. Motsoako o hlahisoang o tšeloa ka hlobo ebe o romeloa ka ontong ka metsotso e 20-30.
Seketha sa sandwich
Lithako tsa Bohlokoa:
- oatmeal - 3 tbsp. l .;
- linate (o ka sebelisa li-walnuts, lialmonde, li-hazelnuts, liperese) - 50 g;
- mahe a linotsi - 1 tbsp. l .;
- pina ea letsoai;
- metsi a mang.
Oatmeal e lokela ho khethoa ebe e tsoakoa le linate tse halikiloeng hanyane. Kenya metsoako e meng kaofela 'me u kopanye ho fihlela u hlahisa mefuta. O ka foka bohobe bakeng sa tee.
Kamora ho ja ho ke ke ha khutlisa feela bophelo bo botle ba mokuli, empa hape ho tla thibela nts'etsopele ea mathata a hlahang bathong ba bangata ba lefu la tsoekere.
