Ho hanyetsa atherosulinosis ea maemo a tlase a lefu la tsoekere ke lefu le tloaelehileng haholo, le kotsi le le kotsi. Ho motho, phetoho ea phepelo ea mali, li-atrophy tsa leoto, lijana tse kholo tsa mpa ea mpa li ameha.
Ka lebaka leo, Psychology e atoloha ho tsamaiso ea potoloho ea popliteal, femal, tibial, sena se lebisa ho senya leoto le leoto le tlase. Boloetse bo joalo bo ka hlaha bo sa lemohe lilemo tse mashome a 'maloa, ka nako e loketseng bo ka fumanoa feela halofo ea linyeoe.
Ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho tseba ho khetholla hantle tlolo hore o tsebe ho e emisa ka nako. Tlhahlobo e tla thibela nts'etsopele ea mathata a tebileng mme e khethe mofuta o nepahetseng oa kalafo.
Lisosa tsa atherosclerosis ea maoto
Psychology ea methapo e ka ba le mekhahlelo e mengata, ho latela boima ba lefu lena le palo ea mathata. Tekanyo ea pele ea preclinical e tšoauoa ka ho ba teng ha lipoidosis kapa tlolo e tebileng ea metabolism ea lipid. Boemong bona, mokuli o utloa bohloko maemong a tlase haeba a tsamaea nako e telele kapa a etsa mesebetsi e meng ea 'mele. Hangata foromo ena ha e na matšoao a totobetseng.
Boemong ba bobeli, ts'oaetso e khethollang ea atherosclerosis e senolang e tlatsa khanya ea methapo ea mali ka liperesente tse 60-80. Ho mokuli, bohloko maotong bo hlaha kamora ho feta limithara tse 250. Haeba ischemia e nyarosang e fumanoa mokhahlelong oa boraro, matšoao a hlakileng a ka bonoa. Tabeng ena, bohloko bo hlaha kamora limithara tse 50.
Mokhahlelo oa bone o tsamaisana le lesion e tsoelang pele ea lipalo tse tlase, trophic ulcers, tiscrion necrosis, gangrene e hola lipheletsong tse tlase. Bohloko le bohloko maotong li hlaha ka nako efe kapa efe, ho kenyeletsoa bosiu.
Ho na le lintlha tsa mantlha tse ka qholotsang atherosulinosis:
- Ho tsuba khafetsa ho lebisa ho li-spasms tsa aorta le methapo ea methapo, e etsang hore ho be thata ho phalla mali, sena e ba ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho thehoa ha litheolelo tsa methapo le methapo ea mali.
- Tšebeliso e mpe ea tahi e boetse e baka lefu la atherosmithosis.
- Ka botenya bo bongata maling a motho, khatello ea cholesterol e mpe e eketseha, tšebeliso ea lijo tse mafura le khalori e phahameng e lebisa ho tsona.
- Atherosulinosis ea methapo ea methapo ea kutlo le likepe tsa maoto hangata e etsoa khahlano le lefu la tsoekere, khatello ea mali, khaello ea lihormone tsa thobalano le ho se sebetse hantle ha tšoelesa ea qoqotho.
- Ho na le monyetla oa ho ba le lefutso le amanang le lefu la hyperlipidemia, ho na le kotsi ea ho ba le lefu la kelello.
- Ho senya metabolism ea lipid hangata ho hlaha khahlano le semelo sa khatello ea maikutlo e matla, khatello ea kelello, boikoetliso bo sa lekaneng ba 'mele le khatello ea maikutlo.
- Lefu lena le fumanoa hangata ho banna, mme atherosclerosis le eona e iponahatsa hangata ho batho ba baholo le ba tsofetseng.
Ha e le molao, pathology ha e iponahatse ka lilemo tse ngata, ka hona, ho 50, e fumanoa ho mokuli e mong le e mong oa bohlano. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho etsa tlhahlobo e fapaneng ea lefu la methapo ea methapo ea methapo e tlase ka nako ho emisa lefu lena qalong.
Ho seng joalo, opereishene e tla hlokahala ho fihlela ho khaoloa leoto le amehileng.
Mokhoa oa ho tseba lefu
Kotsi ke hore lefu lena ha le iponahatse ka nako e telele. Ha mokokotlo oa methapo ea mali o koaletsoe ka li-cholesterol amana, mokuli o qala ho ba le mathata a mangata a bophelo bo botle.
Empa leha ho le joalo ho na le matšoao a itseng a mokhahlelo oa pele oa pathology. Haholo-holo, mokuli a ka ba le ho hlonama ho sa feleng, ho opeloa ke maoto, embolism kapa thrombosis, mala a ka hare, pallor le cyanosis ea letlalo, makhopho, bohloko bo liphateng tse tlase, tse matlafatsang nakong ea ho tsamaea, ho hlohlona ha lipekere, ho haella ha mokokotlo, mokokotlo le mokokotlo maqaqailana.
Haeba kalafo e tlang ka nako ea "non-stenotic atherosulinosis" ea methapo e tlase e sa qala, ho phatloha ka botlalo ha methapo ho qala, ho otloloha hoa maoto, ho ruruha, gangrene ho thehiloe.
- Kwa tshimologong, molwetse o ngongorega ka sekgwa mo manamaneng, go tsenwa ga menwana, fa maoto a tsididi. Hape, motho o khathala kapele ke ho ikoetlisa ka matla.
- Ha a ntse a tsamaea, mokuli o lula a e-na le maoto le boima le maoto le matsoho, a akheha, 'me a sitoa ho its'oara. Kamora ho phomola hakhutšoanyane, mabotho a khutla hanyane, empa boemo bo a pheta neng le neng ha a le moroalo.
- Metsoako ea Arterial e ka hlaha ho batho ba tsubang. Haeba u tlohela ho lemalla, tsoelo-pele ea lefu lena le ka emisoa ka nako.
Ka thuso ea tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea sejoale-joale, mafu a nang le matšoao a tšoanang a ka qheleloa ka thoko, boemo ba methapo ea mali, mabota a arohaneng le a venous a ka hlahlojoa, 'me ho ka fumanoa lehare la kahare. Litšebeletso tse tšoanang li fanoa ke setsi leha e le sefe sa kajeno sa tlhahlobo ea mafu.
Haeba ngaka e belaela ho ba teng ha atherosulinosis ea maoto, mokuli o tla feta angiography ea MSCT, MR angiography, arteriography, le ultrasound ea methapo ea mali. Hape, pulsation methapong ea lipheo tse tlase e ea hlahlojoa, khatello ea mali e hlahlojoe, boemo ba cholesterol maling bo fumanoa.
Nakong ea tlhatlhobo, ngaka e supa li-ulophous tsa trophic, e lekola boemo ba methapo le hore na pulsation e kae. Ho hlakisa lefu lena, mokuli o kopuoa hore a phahamise maoto a otlolohileng ka angle ea likhato tse 45. Ho ipapisitsoe le hore na li-soles li fetoha kapele hakae le maoto le matsoho, mokhathala kapa ho ba sieo ha lipid metabolism li ikemiselitse.
Ka thuso ea angiography ea potoloho, bolelele ba likepe tse senyehileng bo lekantsoe, thrombosis e fumanoa, boemo ba methapo e hlahlojoa.
Pathology ea kalafo
Mokhoa oa kalafo o khethoa ho ipapisitse le boemo ba lefu, liphetho tsa tlhahlobo le litšobotsi tsa mmele oa mokuli. Ho feta moo, meriana ea setso e sebelisetsoa ho etsa maemo a tloaelehileng ka kakaretso.
Mokuli o lokela ho latela lijo tse khethehileng tsa kalafo le ho laola boemo ba cholesterol e sebelisoang ke lijo. Hoa hlokahala ho lahla nama e mafura, nama ea nama ea khomo, mafura a fetisitsoeng, limenyemenye tsa gastronomic, confectionery, botoro le tranelate ea mafura kamoo ho ka khonehang.
Boima bo lokela ho fetoloa, kaha botenya ke bona sesosa se ka sehloohong sa atherosclerosis. Mokuli o khethoa lieta tse bonolo ebile li phutholohile tse sa hulang leoto. Ho bohlokoa ho lekola boemo ba bophahamo bo tlase, ho phekola maqeba a hlahang maotong ka nako, le ho thibela hypothermia. Ho kgothaletswa ho kenella ho sesa, ho tsamaea ka bobebe letsatsi le leng le le leng ka moea o mocha, ho palama baesekele.
Ho sebelisa litlhare ho ka fokotsa bohloko bo tsoang mokhathala le ho holofala, ho khutlisetsa mamello ho 'mele, ho thibela ho koaloha ha methapo le ho thibela ho hlaha ha atrophy le gangrene.
- Ho ntlafatsa phallo ea mali, ho thibela thrombosis le mathata a eona, ngaka e beha ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa antiplatelet, ho kenyeletsa Aspirin le Reopoliglyukin.
- E le ho ntlafatsa mamello ea 'mele, ho tsamaisa ho tsamaea le ho ntlafatsa phepelo ea mali maotong, ho sebelisoa cilostazol le pentoxifylline.
- Li-anticoagulants li thusa ho theola mali le ho thibela nts'etsopele ea maro a mali. Lithethefatsi tse tsebahalang haholo ke heparin le warfarin.
- Ho fokotsa bohloko le ho emisa cramping, nka Drotaverinum kapa li-antispasmodics tse ling.
- Ka liso tsa trophic, litlolo tse thehiloeng ho lithibela-mafu li sebetsa hantle - Delaskin, Oflokain, Levomekol
- Ho fokotsa sekhahla sa k'holeseterole e mpe, li-statins li sebelisoa ka mokhoa oa Simvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin. Mehato e phahameng ea triglyceride e fokotsehile ka thuso ea li-fibrate Besafibrate, Clofibrate.
Ho kenyelletsa mokuli ho nka mofuta oa livithamini ho etsa hore boemo ba mmele ka kakaretso bo fetohe. Electrophoresis, darsonvalization, oxygenation le eona e nkoa e sebetsa. Haeba tachycardia e bonoa, ho feta moo, ngaka e ka fana ka taelo ea hore li-b-blockers. Mafura a Sophora a sebelisetsoa ho phekola maqeba a manyane maotong.
Haeba lefu le qala 'me kalafo ka lithethefatsi e sa thusa, mokuli o romeloa hore a buuoe. Ho thothomela ho etsoa ho etsa hore phallo ea mali e felle sebakeng sa bothata. U sebelisa balloon angioplasty, balune e behiloe betheng ea methapo, sena se u lumella ho eketsa lumen e koetsoeng.
Stenting e etsoa ho laola boholo ba lumen ka ho kenya sekhahla sa mokokotlo moqomong o senyehileng. Sebaka se amehileng le ho bokelloa ha mathe ho tlosoa nakong ea endarterectomy. Autodermoplasty e khethoa ha liso tsa trophic li sa phekoloe kalafong ea lehae.
Haeba ho sa khonehe ho fetola maemo, ho cheka karolo e necrotic ea leoto, ka mor'a moo ho etsoa li-prosthetics.
Thibelo ea atherosclerosis ea maoto
Kaha lefu la tsoekere la methapo ea methapo ea methapo e ka tlase ke lefu le kotsi, ho bonolo ho le thibela ho fapana le ho le phekola. Leha taba ea hore thuto ea mahlale kajeno e atile haholo esita le hara bacha, u se ke oa tšoha pele ho nako.
Haeba u nka mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho boloka bophelo ba hau bo botle le ho lokisa lintho tsohle tse mpe ka nako e loketseng, o ka qoba ponahalo ea mathata a mangata. Pele ho tsohle, o lokela ho tlohela ho tsuba le tšebeliso e mpe ea joala, kaha litloaelo tse mpe li kenya letsoho ho thibeng ha methapo ea mali kapele.
Ka ho laola boima ba hau le ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele, o ka fokotsa haholo maotong, hape oa qoba nts'etsopele ea atherosclerosis ka lebaka la tlolo ea karolo ea mali. Ho bohlokoa hore u se lebale ho beha 'mele ho ikoetlisa ka tsela e leka-lekaneng, e le hore mmele o hantle.
Mokuli o lokela ho etsa ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ho fokotsa mahlaseli a kotsi a lipid maling le ho tlosa li-plaque tse bokellaneng tsa atherosselotic. Ho khothalletsoa ho ba le tafole e nang le lijo tsohle tse kotsi tse nang le cholesterol. Ho etsa bonnete ba hore ha ho na bokuli, ho bohlokoa ho ea tlhahlobong ea ngaka le ho fetisa liteko tse hlokahalang.
Mabapi le ho felisoa ha atherosulinosis ho hlalositsoe videong ena.
