Sehlopha sa statins (lithethefatsi tse theolang cholesterol) se kenyelletsa Lovastatin e sebetsang. Setlhare ha se sebelisoe feela kalafong ea hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, empa hape le thibelong ea mafu a pelo.
Setlhare se tlameha ho sebelisoa hammoho le lijo tse khethehileng, boikoetliso le phetoho ea boima ba 'mele. Sehloohong sena, o ka ithuta haholoanyane ka Lovastatin, litaelo tsa tšebeliso, theko, litekolo, li-analogues.
Mokhoa oa ts'ebetso ea moriana
Lovastatin ke sehlopheng sa lithethefatsi tse theolelang ka tlase ho lipid tse hatakatsang motsoako oa k'holeseterole e le qalong. Setlhare sena se nkuoa e le ntho e ka sehloohong pele har'a li-statin tse ling. E nts'oa litlolo tsa biocultures Aspergillusterreus le Monascusruber.
Ha e se e le ka har'a tšilo ea lijo, sethethefatsi sena se ipeha kotsing ea phello ea li-enzyme tsa ho sililoa 'me butle-butle ea kenella. Ho feta moo, tekanyetso ea lithethefatsi e ba kholoanyane, 'me ka potlako e kenngoa kahare ho tšilo ea lijo. Ntho e sebetsang e kenella ka har'a lithane tsa mala, ebe e kena maling. Likahare tse kholo tsa plasma li fihlella ka mor'a lihora tse 2,2. Ho kenella ka hare ho likarolo tsohle tse ling tsa 'mele ho etsahala ka tsela ea beta-hydroxy acid ea mahala.
Ketso ea Lovastatin e etselitsoe lits'ebetso tse peli. Taba ea pele, e senya mokhoa oa "cholesterol" sebeteng, o thibela phetoho ea reductase hore e be melovanate. Taba ea bobeli, e lebisa ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebetso ea "catabolism" e potlakileng ea ts'ebetso ea metabolism) ea LDL. Tumellanong le ts'ebetso ena, ho na le keketseho ea HDL, kapa "cholesterol" e ntle.
Bophelo ba halofo ea motsoako o sebetsang ke lihora tse 3. Limolek'hule tse nang le ntho e sebetsang li epolloa ka liphio le mala.
Litaelo tsa tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi
Lovastatin 20 mg kapa 40 mg e fumaneha ka sebopeho sa tafole, karolo e sebetsang ea eona e nang le lebitso le le leng. Lintho tse ling tsa lithethefatsi ke lactose monohydrate, starch, selulose, magnesium stearate, butylhydroxyanisole, citric le ascorbic acid.
Setlhare se rekisoa feela ha motho a fuoa lengolo la ngaka le eena. Ha u reka sehlahisoa, mokuli o lokela ho ela hloko se kenyelelitsoeng. Taeo e na le lipontšo tse 'maloa tsa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsena:
- kalafo ea hypercholisterinemia ea mantlha e kopaneng, mofuta IIa le IIb;
- hyperlipoproteinemia kalafo (e rarahaneng ka lefu la tsoekere le nephrotic syndrome);
- kalafo ea coronary atherosulinosis (hammoho le kalafo ea vithamine le acid e sa mafura);
- thibelo ea methapo ea pelo;
- hypertriglyceridemia kalafo.
Ts'ebeliso ea matlapa e tlameha ho etsoa nako e le 'ngoe ka letsatsi nakong ea lijo tsa mantsiboea. Litekanyetso tsa lithethefatsi li itšetlehile ka lefu lena. Kahoo, ka hyperlipidemia, ho fanoa ka tekanyetso e le 'ngoe ea 10-80 mg. Phekolo ea psychology e qala ka litekanyetso tse nyane, ka tumello ea ngaka, li ka eketseha butle butle. Ho khothalletsoa ho khetha litekanyetso ka mor'a libeke tse 'ne. Tekanyetso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa (80 mg) e ka aroloa ka litekanyetso tse peli - hoseng le mantsiboea.
Ka kalafo ea coronary atherosclerosis, litekanyetso tse nepahetseng ke 20 mg mg. Haeba phekolo e sa sebetse, keketseho ea 60-80 mg ea khonahala. Haeba mokuli a ntse a nka fiber kapa nicotinic acid ka nako e le 'ngoe, Lovastatin ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho feta 20 mg ka letsatsi. Hape, litekanyetso li lokela ho fokotsoa maemong a joalo:
- Ts'ebeliso e ts'oanang ea li-immunosuppressants.
- Ts'ebeliso ea litlhare tse thibelang likokoana-hloko.
- Pheko ka lithethefatsi tsa antifungal.
- Phekolo ea maloetse a sebete a etiology e itseng kapa e akaretsang.
- Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse nang le li-anticoagulants.
Hoa hlokahala ho boloka moriana ka mocheso o sa feteng 25 degrees Celsius.
Kamora letsatsi la ho felloa ke nako, e leng lilemo tse 2, ho thibetsoe ho sebelisa sehlahisoa.
Contraindication le litla-morao
Lovastatin e na le lenane le lenyane la li-contraindication. Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi e thibetsoe bakeng sa myopathy (lefu le sa foleng la mokokotlo oa mokokotlo), boimana, cholestasis, ho senyeha ha sebete, ka tlase ho lilemo tse 18 le hypersensitivity ea setho ka seng.
Moriana o lokela ho sebelisoa ka hlokolosi ho bakuli ba fetileng mokokotlong oa mokokotlo oa mokokotlo. Ha ho na mokhoa o ka noang meriana ka joala.
Maemong a mang, moriana o ka baka litlamorao. Har'a bona, ho bohlokoa ho totobatsa:
- Lintho tse amanang le mosebetsi oa pampitšana ea ka mpeng: litlhaselo tsa ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho chesoa ke pelo, ho eketseha ha khase, phetoho ea tatso, lets'ollo, ho khutlisa ho sokela.
- Mathata a tsamaiso ea methapo e ka hare: hlooho e bohloko, boroko bo fokolang, ho tšoenyeha, ho tsekela, paresthesia, myositis, mesifa ea mokokotlo le myalgia. Ha u sebelisa cyclosporine, gemfibrozil kapa nicotinic acid, ho na le monyetla oa ho rhabdomyolysis.
- Reaction of the biliary system: ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ea bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, sebete transaminases le creatine phosphokinase. Ka linako tse ling hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice le biliary cholestasis lia khoneha.
- Litla-morao: Ho hlohlona, lekhopho la letlalo, urticaria, angioedema, arthralgia.
- Ho senyeha ha lintja tsa mahlo: atrophy ea methapo ea kutlo le nts'etsopele ea likatse.
- Litlamorao tse ling: potency e fokotsehile, malaise ka kakaretso, alopecia.
Matšoao a overdose ha o sebelisa litekanyetso tse kholo tsa moriana ha a bonoe. Motheo oa phekolo ke ho felisoa ha Lovastatin, sefuba se tsoang ka mpeng, tšebeliso ea litlolo (ts'ebetso ea k'habone e entsoeng ka matla, Smecta, Polysorb, Atoxil) ea mesebetsi ea bohlokoa, ts'ebetso ea sebete le ts'ebetso ea moetsi oa phosphokinase.
Ho sebelisana le mekhoa e meng
Lovastatin ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa le lithethefatsi tsohle, hobane ho sebelisana le bona ho ka lebisa ho se ts'oaneng ha 'mele. Ho feta moo, meriana e meng e ka eketsa khatello ea ntho e sebetsang, 'me e meng e ka fokotseha.
Kotsi e kholo ea ts'enyo ea mesifa le myopathy, hammoho le keketseho ea litaba tsa karolo e sebetsang, e baka tšebeliso e ts'oanang ea Lovastatin hammoho le nicotinic acid, Cyclosporine, Ritonavir, Erythromycin, Nefazodon le Clarithromycin.
Tšebeliso e rarahaneng ea lithethefatsi e nang le lero la grapefruit, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil le eona e eketsa menyetla ea myopathy.
Monyetla oa ho tsoa mali o eketseha ka tšebeliso e tšoanang ea warfarin. Bioavailability ea lovastatin e fokotseha ha u sebelisa colestyramine. E le hore bioavailability ea moriana e lule e tloaelehile, hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ka karohano ea lihora tse 2-4.
Ka mafu a kopaneng, mokuli o lokela ho buisana le ngaka mabapi le ho sebelisa meriana.
Tse ling tsa tsona ha li lumellane le Lovastatin, ka hona, ts'ebeliso e ikemetseng ea lithethefatsi e thibetsoe ka thata.
Litsenyehelo, analogues le tlhahlobo ea mokuli
Ka bomalimabe, hajoale ha ho khonehe ho reka Lovastatin hobane Ha e hlahisoe Russia.
Likhamphani tsa meriana tse kang Lekpharm (Belarus), Replekpharm AD (Macedonia) le Kievmedpreparat (Ukraine) ke baetsi ba lithethefatsi.
Mabapi le sena, ngaka e ka fana ka analog ea Lovastatin, e nang le thepa e tšoanang ea kalafo.
Meriana e tsebahalang haholo ke:
- Holetar. E na le motsoako o sebetsang - lovastatin, ka hona, ke mantsoe a tšoanang bakeng sa Lovastatin. Setlhare se na le matšoao a tšoanang, li-contraindication le maikutlo a mabe joaloka Lovastatin.
- Cardiostatin. Sethethefatsi se seng se tsebahalang ke se tšoanang ho Lovastatin, hobane e na le karolo e tšoanang e sebetsang. Ha o nka Cardiostatin, kalafo e boletsoeng e bonoa libeke tse peli, 'me e phahameng kamora libeke tse' ne tse tšeletseng tsa ho nka moriana. Theko e tloaelehileng ke li-ruble tse 290 (ka paketeng ea matlapa a 30 a 20 mg).
- Pravastatin. E na le ts'ebetso e mengata. Motsoako o sebetsang ke pravastatin. Setlhare sena se sebelisetsoa hypercholesterolemia ea mantlha le dyslipidemia, hammoho le thibelo ea lefu la pelo la ischemic. Ts'ebeliso ea Pravastatin e ka khonahala e le tšireletso ea bobeli bakeng sa infarction ea myocardial, angina pectoris le hyperlipidemia ea post-transplant.
- Zokor. Ntho e sebetsang ea lithethefatsi ke simvastatin. Letšoao le ka sehloohong la lithethefatsi ke kalafo ea hypercholesterolemia. Zokor e boetse e sebelisoa e le prophylactic ho thibela nts'etsopele ea methapo ea pelo. Litsenyehelo tse tloaelehileng ke li-ruble tse 380 (matlapa a 28 a 10 mg) le li-ruble tse 690 (matlapa a 28 a 20 mg).
Ho ea ka Vyshkovsky Index, baetapele ba 'marakeng oa meriana oa Russia ke Cardiostatin, Mevacor, Holetar le Rovacor.
Likarabo mabapi le Lovastatin, ka bobeli ho tsoa ho bakuli le lingaka li ntle. Moriana o bolokehile hape o mamelloa hantle ke bakuli, leha o sebelisoa ka nako e telele.
Lintho tse amanang le lefu la dyspeptic ka linako tse ling li hlaha qalong ea phekolo. Kamora libeke tse peli, ha mmele o tloaela ho susumetsoa ke karolo e sebetsang, matšoao a emisa. Nako le nako, maemo a ALT le AST a eketseha, ka hona ho hlokahala ho laola litaba tsa bona.
Kamora likhoeli tse 1.5 ho tloha qalong ea kalafo, ho etsoa tlhahlobo ea taolo. Ha e le molao, ho na le tšekamelo e ntle litekanyetsong, i.e. lipid mahloriso ea fokotseha.
Mokhoa oa ho fokotsa cholesterol e hlalositsoe videong ena.
