Lefu la endocrine le ferekanyang letsoai la metsi, lipid le carbohydrate metabolism le bitsoa lefu la tsoekere la mellitus. Pathology e khetholloa ke keketseho ea khatello ea tsoekere ea mali, boemo bo tsejoang ka hore ke hyperglycemia.
Lefu la tsoekere e ka ba la mofuta oa pele, ha ho na le insulin e felletseng, le ea mofuta oa bobeli, moo kutloisiso ea litho tsa 'mele ea phetoho ea lihormone e haellang.
Ho na le mefuta e meng ea lefu la tsoekere, e amanang le tlhekefetso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, mafu a manyeme, mekhoa ea tšoaetso. Letsoalo la tsoekere la moimana le lona lea khetholoha.
Ho sa tsotelehe mofuta oa lefu lena, mokuli o bontšoa phepelo e matla ea lijo, hoa thusa ho tlisa matšoao a glucose ho lipalo tse nepahetseng, ho etsa hore metabolism e fetohe. Qalong ea lefu lena, ka lebaka la lijo feela, hoa khoneha ho boloka boemo ba glycemia ka tekanyo e tloaelehileng, eseng ho sebelisa lithethefatsi. Empa ka bokuli bo matla:
- lijo le tsona li bohlokoa;
- e thusa ho fokotsa litekanyetso tsa lithethefatsi.
Endocrinologist e khothalletsa hore bakuli ba hae ba khomarele mokhoa oa phepo o bitsoang tafoleng ea 9. Lijo li hlahisitsoe ke rasaense ea tummeng oa Nutrition Institute M. Pevzner, tseo a li finyeletseng li sebelisoa hohle ka lilemo tse ngata.
Morero o ka sehloohong oa lefu la tsoekere o fihlelleha ka thibelo ea bohlokoa lenaneng la lik'habohaedreite. Lethathamo la. 9 le etselitsoe phekolo ea mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere le thibelo ea lona.
Litšobotsi tsa lijo
Lijo tsa 9 tsa lefu la tsoekere li ipapisitse le phepo e nepahetseng le e tsoakiloeng, ho fokotsa bongata ba lijo tse nang le lik'habohaedreite le ho kenyelletsoa ha lijo tse halikiloeng. Sena se bohlokoa, hobane mafura le lik'habohaedreite tse ngata li ama boemo ba bophelo bo botle, li mpefatsa boemo ba lefu lena.
Morero o ka sehloohong oa phepo e nepahetseng ea bongaka ke ho tlisa phallo ea tsoekere ea mali maemong a tloaelehileng, leha ho le joalo, nakong ea ho hlophisoa ha lethathamo la lijo, ho hlokahala hore u nahane ka limatlafatsi tse hlokahalang, ntle le hore ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea bohlokoa ha e khonehe.
Ho khothalletsoa ho khetholla tsoekere e tšoeu ka botlalo lijong, ho sebelisa lijo tsa eona (ka tlhaho), ho behelle lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata le mafura a mangata.
Lijo tsa 9 bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere la 2 le fana:
- ho ja liprotheine tse lekaneng;
- tšebeliso ea lijo tse nang le livithamini tse ngata haholo ascorbic acid;
- ho lahla ka ho felletseng lijo tse tsubang, tse nokiloeng ka linoko, joala.
Hoa hlokahala ho ja lijo ka likarolo tse nyane, ka mokhoa o nepahetseng li jeoa makhetlo a 5-6 ka letsatsi.
Ka kakaretso, lenane la letsatsi le letsatsi la hyperglycemia le lokela ho ea ho matšoao a joalo: lik'habohaedreite (300-340 g), mafura a liphoofolo (55 g), mafura a meroho (25 g), protheine ea liphoofolo (50 g), protheine ea meroho (40 g), letsoai la tafoleng (12 g). Ha e le letsoai, ho na le lintho tse ka nkelang sebaka ka sodium e fokotsitsoeng, ka mokhoa o hlakileng hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa sehlahisoa se joalo.
Mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere o lokela ho hopola hore 12 g ea lik'habohaedreite ke 1 unit unit (XE). Bakeng sa sehlahisoa se seng le se seng, o hloka ho bala lik'habohaedreite le ho li fetolela ho XE.
Index ea glycemic index (GI) ea lihlahisoa le eona e bohlokoa, o ka e bona tafoleng e ikhethang.
Se ka se jang ebile se sa lokela ho ja lefu la tsoekere
Ho khothalletsoa ho pheha lijong tse nang le livithamini le lintho tse ngata tse khothalletsang ho khaola hoa mafura. U hloka ho ela hloko chisi ea chisi, chisi, litlama, meroho e sa tsoa khuoa, oatmeal, oli ea mohloaare e sa tsoakoang, mefuta e sa tsoakoang ea litlhapi le nama. Lino tse lumelloang ho nooa li sa noeloe letho, e ka ba lero, monokotsoai oa monokotsoai o nooang, lino-mapholi tsa litholoana le tee e tala.
Litsebi tsa thuto ea kutlo li pheha khang ea hore ka lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 ho bohlokoa ho kenyelletsa rye, korong, bohobe ba koro ba sehlopha sa bobeli lijong, ho lumelloa ho sebelisa hlama e seng mafura. Lijo li fana ka phepelo ea sopho ho tsoa ho meroho, nama e se nang mafura le moroho oa litlhapi, okroshka, borsch, sopho e nang le lijo-thollo tse lumelletsoeng le li-meatball ho tsoa khoho.
Nama e phehiloeng e lokela ho jeoa: nama ea khomo, veal, turkey, nama ea kolobe e loan, konyana. Ho tsoa ho nama e joalo hoa khoneha ho pheha soseji ea tsoekere. Litlhapi tse khabisitsoeng li phehiloe ka tamati, linomoro tsa tafole ea 9 li u lumella hore ka linako tse ling u sebelise herring e nang le letsoai le hanyane ka hanyane, tse tsoang litlhaping tse thata.
Hape lijong o tlameha ho kenyelletsa:
- lebese
- lihlahisoa tsa lebese;
- tranelate e bolila e nang le mafura a mangata;
- ghee le botoro;
- chisi (ntle le letsoai hape e se mafura);
- mahe (eseng ho feta yolk e le 'ngoe ka letsatsi).
Porridge e ka jeoa joalo: buckwheat, perela ea harese, harese, oat, nyalothe. Ho molemo ho sebelisa litlatse tse ngata, 'me sena se tla thusa ho thusa ho haella ha protheine ea meroho.
E le hore u se ke ua phahamisa tsoekere ea mali, u tlameha ho ja meroho, e ka phehiloeng, e apetsoe kapa e le tala feela. Mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere o lokela ho utloisisa hore lik'habohaedreite li teng merohong, ka hona mefuta ena ea meroho e jeoa hanyane. Mohlala, ho nahana ka palo ea lik'habohaedreite, litapole, lihoete tse phehiloeng le li-beet, lierekisi tse tala tse tala lia jeoa.
Bakuli ba bangata ba tla leboha salate ea meroho, lijo tsa leoatleng, lisose tse nang le mafura a tlase (e fokotsang palo ea lisosa tse tsoekere tsa mosetareta, horseradish).
Lijong, ho bontšoa ho kenyelletsa monokotsoai o mocha, litholoana tse tsoekere le tse bolila, e nyane ea mahe a linotši a tlhaho. Haeba lefu la tsoekere le hlile le batla ho ja confectionery, ho hlokahala hore u khethe lihlahisoa tse entsoeng motheong oa tsoekere. Lintho tse joalo li ka rekoa mabenkeleng a mangata makaleng a phepelo ea lijo kapa li lokiselitsoe ka boikemelo, etsa bonnete ba hore u nahana ka index ea glycemic ea likarolo tse teng.
Ka lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, tafole ea borobong e thibela tšebeliso:
- joala
- mafura a mafura;
- hlama ea botoro;
- paseka, raese, sopho ea lebese le semolina;
- likhoho tsa mafura, nama, lijo tse halikiloeng.
Lithibelo tse tšoanang lijong le mofuta oa 1 lefu la tsoekere.
Lingaka li eletsa ho tlohela lijo tse nang le letsoai, tse mafura, tse tsubeloang, oli e khanniloeng, tse halikiloeng, meroho e letsoai ea mofuta ofe kapa ofe.
U ke ke ua ja lebese le halikiloeng tse halikiloeng, tranelate, chisi e halikiloeng, lebese le halikiloeng, likhalase tse halikiloeng. Ho kotsi ho noa lino tse tsoekere, linoko, ho ja jeme, litholoana tse omisitsoeng (morara o omisitsoeng, mehla, lifeiga) ka hyperglycemia. Ban libanana, liswiti le morara, nama le mafura a phehang.
Litafole tse nang le lipontšo tsa GI le lihlahisoa tse thibetsoeng li ka jarolloa marang-rang.
Liphetoho tsa lefu la tsoekere
Ho loketse hore lefu la tsoekere le je li-cutlets tsa mouoane, sejana se joalo se tlatsa 'mele oa mokuli ka tekanyo e hlokahalang ea protheine ea liphoofolo' me e ke ke ea baka mathata ka manyeme.
Bakeng sa ho pheha, o hloka ho nka 200 g ea nama, grind ka grnder kapa grinder ea nama. Ho bohlokoa ho reka nama eseng nama e halikiloeng. Maemong ana, mokuli o etsa bonnete ba hore o ja sehlahisoa se mo lumelletseng.
Ka lebese, soak 20 g ea crackers, e kopanye le nama, tšela hanyane ka letsoai le pepere e ntšo. Li-cutlets li thehoa ho tsoa ho nama e halikiloeng, e phehiloeng ka ontong ka metsotso e 15 (mocheso likhato tse 180). Karolo e lumelloa ho tšela botoro e nyane.
Sesebelisoa se setle haholo ke sopho ea mokopu, bakeng sa ho e lokisa ho hlokahala hore o nke lihlahisoa tse latelang:
- 400 g mokopu;
- Lihoete tse 50 g;
- 50 g celery;
- 50 g, lieie.
Meroho e khaoloa ka li-cubes, e tšeloa ka pane, tšela lilithara tse 1.5 tsa metsi, pheha bakeng sa metsotso e ka bang 25 ka mor'a ho belisoa. Meroho e felileng e sithabetsoa ka blender, e fafatsoe ka letsoai ho latsoa, ebe e tšeloa ka lipolaneteng. Ho ntlafatsa tatso, ho bohlokoa ho kenyelletsa tranelate e bolila e se nang mafura.
Sopho e 'ngoe e lumellanang hantle le tafole ea 9 ea lijo ke ho pudding. Apola li-apole tse bolila tse tsoekere tse 70, 100 g ea zucchini, eketsa 30 ml ea lebese la skim, likhaba tse 8 tsa phofo (ka ho khetheha li-coarse), lehe la likhoho. Motsoako o tšeloa ka sejana sa ho baka, o phehiloeng ka ontong metsotso e 20.
Ka linako tse ling o ka inehela ka lipompong ntle le tsoekere. Bakeng sa sopho ea tafole ea nomoro ea 9, o ka etsa pie ea lamunu. Orange e le ngoe e phehiloeng metsotso e 20, e lumelletsoe ho pholile, ho tlosa masapo, ho grind ho blender. Ka mor'a moo, o hloka ho otla lehe ka monate o tsoang ka blender, nako ea ho latsoa le lero la lemone, eketsa zest e nyane, 100 g ea almond nut ea fatše. Misa:
- kopanya;
- e kopantsoe le boima ba lamunu;
- e tšolleloe ka hlobo;
- Metsotso e 40 bakeke ka ontong (mocheso likhato tse 180).
Lipheho tse joalo tse bonolo ha li hloke ho pheha nako e telele ebile li khahla batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba lilemo life kapa life. Mona ke tafole ea 9 ea lijo tse nang le lefu la tsoekere la 2.
Menyu ea beke
Mohlaleng ona o ka bona lenane la lijo tsa lefu la tsoekere letsatsi le leng le le leng, lijo li arotsoe lijong tse 5. Bakeng sa lijo tsa hoseng, tsa mots'eare, ja lijo tse fetang 200 g, lijo tsa mots'eare 400 g, lijo tse bobebe tsa mantsiboea tse 150, le lijo tsa mantsiboea ho fihlela ho tse 300. Ha ho etsoa moralo oa phepo, GI ea lihlahisoa e ile ea tsotelloa. Palo ea lijo tse fanoeng e khothalletsoa ke hoo e ka bang lingaka tsohle tsa lefu la tsoekere. Haeba u latela litaelo tsa lingaka, tafole ea batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere e tla ba ntho e tjena.
Mantaha: litholoana tse nang le chisi e tlaase e nang le mafura a mangata; kefir e tlase; k'habeche e khabisitsoeng ntle le botoro, sopho ea meroho, konyana e halikiloeng; likomkomere le salate ea hop; meroho e bakiloeng ke ontong, tlhapi e halikiloeng.
Labobeli: phasele ea buckwheat; liapole compote e se nang tsoekere, borsch, nama e besitsoeng kapa e phophomang; decoction ea omisitsoeng rosehip monokotsoai, meroho salate, litlhapi tse fapa-fapaneng.
Laboraro:
- nyalothe ea nyalothe, apole e ncha;
- lamunu e le 'ngoe;
- pepere e halikiloeng, okroshka;
- rantipole le salate ea celery;
- konyana ka meroho (o ka baka).
Labone: omelet e tsoang ho makhooa a mabeli a mahe, yogurt e sa fuoeng; tsebe, goulash ea nama, harese ea perela; hop e halikiloeng, li-cutlets tsa likhoho.
Labohlano: casser casserole ea Cottage; tlhahiso ea rosehip; sopho ea tamati, likuku tsa tlhapi tse halikiloeng, salate ea kelp (seaweed); Lehe la khoho salate ea meroho, khoho e halikiloeng.
Moqebelo: chisi e nang le mafura a tlase e nang le monokotsoai o mocha; khoho e halikiloeng; sopho ea li-mushroom, salate ea likomkomere le tamati; likhoho tsa nama ea likhoho; shrimp e phehiloeng le linaoa tse tala.
Sontaha:
- peere e le 'ngoe, korilla ea korong;
- lehe;
- turkey le sechu sa meroho;
- vinaigrette;
- sechu ka meroho.
Haeba tafole ea 9 ea lefu la tsoekere e bonoa ka mokhoa o hlakileng, mokuli a ka lebella ho tloaela kapele ha maemo a tsoekere ea mali, e leng ntlafatso ka botlalo. Ka boima ba 'mele, tafoleng ea lefu la tsoekere e thusa ho fokotsa boima ba' mele, ho eketsa matla a mmele.
Ha ho na le li-contraindication, lingaka li khothaletsa ka matla ho kopanya palo ea tafole ea 9 le lipapali, ho tsamaea ka moea o mocha. Ha maemo ana a kopana, lefu la tsoekere le ka laoloa bophelo bohle.
Mabapi le melao ea phepelo ea lijo No. 9 bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere le tla bua ka video sehloohong sena.
