Li-antibodies ho insulin li hlahisoa khahlanong le insulin ea bona ea ka hare. Ho insulin ke letšoao le ikhethang ka ho fetisisa la lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1. Boithuto bo hloka ho abeloa ho fumana lefu lena.
Mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa I o hlaha ka lebaka la tšenyo ea autoimmune lihlekehlekeng tsa tšoelesa ea Langerhans. Psychology e joalo e lebisa ho haella ha insulin 'meleng oa motho.
Kahoo, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 le hanyetsoa le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa bobeli, lona ha le supe bohlokoa ba mafu a amanang le immunological. Ka thuso ea tlhahlobo e fapaneng ea mefuta ea lefu la tsoekere, ho ka etsoa ka hloko ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang mme ho ka fanoa le leano le nepahetseng la kalafo.
Boikemisetso ba li-antibodies ho insulin
Ke letšoao la lesapo la autoimmune lisele tsa pancreatic beta tse hlahisang insulin.
Li-autoantibodies ho insulin ea tlhaho ke li-antibodies tse ka fumanoang serum ea mali ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa pele ho kalafo ea insulin.
Matšoao a sebelisoang ke:
- ts'oaetso ea lefu la tsoekere
- khalemelo ea kalafo ea insulin,
- Tlhahlobo ea methati ea lefu la tsoekere,
- ts'oaetso ea prediabetes.
Ponahalo ea li-antibodies tsena e lumellana le lilemo tsa motho. Li-antibodies tse joalo li fumanoa hoo e batlang e le maemong ohle haeba lefu la tsoekere le hlaha ho bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse hlano. Maemong a 20%, li-antibodies tse joalo li fumanoa ho batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1.
Haeba ho se na hyperglycemia, empa ho na le li-antibodies, joale tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 ha e tiisoe. Nakong ea lefu lena, boemo ba antibodies ho insulin boa fokotseha, ho fihlela bo nyamela ka botlalo.
Boholo ba lefu la tsoekere bo na le mefuta ea HLA-DR3 le HLA-DR4. Haeba beng ka motho ba na le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, menyetla ea ho kula e eketseha ka makhetlo a 15. Ponahalo ea li-autoantibodies ho insulin e tlalehiloe nako e telele pele ho matšoao a pele a kliniki ea lefu la tsoekere.
Bakeng sa matšoao, ho fihlela 85% ea lisele tsa beta e tlameha ho senngoa. Tlhahlobo ea li-antibodies tsena e lekola kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere le nakong e tlang ho batho ba nang le tšekamelo ea kelello.
Haeba ngoana ea nang le lefutso a na le li-antibodies ho insulin, menyetla ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 lilemong tse leshome tse tlang e eketseha ka hoo e ka bang 20%.
Haeba li-antibodies tse peli kapa ho feta li fumanoe tse tobileng bakeng sa mofuta oa 1 lefu la tsoekere, menyetla ea ho kula e eketseha ho fihla ho 90%. Haeba motho a amohela litokisetso tsa "insulin" (exo native, recombinant) tsamaisong ea kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere, joale ka mor'a nako 'mele o qala ho hlahisa li-antibodies ho lona.
Tlhahlobo ntlheng ena e tla ba e ntle. Leha ho le joalo, tlhahlobo ha e etse hore ho utloisisehe hore na li-antibodies ho insulin ea kahare kapa kantle li hlahisoa.
Ka lebaka la kalafo ea insulin ho diabetics, palo ea li-antibodies ho insulin ea kantle maling e eketseha, e ka bakang insulin le ho ama kalafo.
Ho lokela ho hopoloa hore ho hanyetsa insulin ho ka hlaha nakong ea kalafo ka litokisetso tsa insulin tse sa hloekang hantle.
Tlhaloso ea mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere
Li-autoantibodies tse lebisitsoeng khahlanong le islet beta lisele li ithutoa ho khetholla mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere. Likokoana-hloko tsa batho ba bangata ba nang le ts'oaetso ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 ba hlahisa li-antibodies likarolong tsa makhopho a bona. Li-autoantibodies tse joalo ha se mofuta oa batho ba 2 ba lefu la tsoekere.
Mofuta oa 1 oa lefu la tsoekere, insulin ke autoantigen. Bakeng sa manyeme, insulin ke autoantigen e khethehileng. Hormone e fapane le li-autoantigen tse ling tse fumanehang ho lefu lena.
Li-autoantibodies ho insulin li fumanoa maling a batho ba fetang 50% ba nang le lefu la tsoekere. Ho lefu la 1, ho na le li-antibodies tse maling tse amanang le lisele tsa beta tsa manyeme, mohlala, li-antibodies tsa glutamate decarboxylase.
Ha ho fumanoa:
- bakuli ba ka bang 70% ba na le mefuta e meraro kapa ho feta ea li-antibodies,
- ka tlase ho 10% ba na le mofuta o le mong.
- ha ho na autoantibodies ho 2-4% ea batho ba kulang.
Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore li-antibodies ho "insulin" ea "hormone" "lefu la tsoekere ha se mohloli oa lefu lena. Li-antibodies tse joalo li bontša feela timetso ea lisele tsa pancreatic. Li-antibodies ho insulin ho bana ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 li ka bonoa maemong a mangata ho feta ho batho ba baholo.
Ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko taba ea hore, joalo ka molao, ho bana ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la 1, li-antibodies tse joalo li hlaha pele ebile li tebile haholo. Mokhoa ona o bonahala haholo ho bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse tharo.
Ho utloisisa likarolo tsena, tlhahlobo e joalo kajeno e amoheloa e le tlhahlobo e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea laboratori bakeng sa ho khetholla lefu la tsoekere mellitus bongoaneng.
Ho fumana tlhaiso-leseling e phethahetseng ka botlalo mabapi le ho fumanoa ha lefu la tsoekere, ha ho etsoe feela tlhahlobo ea antibody, empa le tlhahlobo ea boteng ba li-autoantibodies.
Haeba ngoana a se na hyperglycemia, empa ho tšoaetsoa letšoao la autoimmune lisele tsa lihlekehleke tsa Langerhans, sena ha se bolele hore ho na le mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere 1.
Ha lefu la tsoekere le tsoela pele, boemo ba li-autoantibodies boa fokotseha 'me bo ka qala ho bonahala.
Ha thuto e lokiselitsoe
Tlhahlobo e lokela ho fanoa haeba mokuli a e-na le matšoao a kliniki a hyperglycemia, e leng:
- lenyora le matla
- keketseho ea bongata ba moroto
- ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ka tšohanyetso
- takatso e matla ea takatso
- maikutlo a tlase a lipalo tse tlase,
- fokotseha ha leihlo le bonoang,
- trophic, ulcic ulcers,
- maqeba a sa fole nako e telele.
Ho etsa liteko tsa li-antibodies ho insulin, o lokela ho bona ngaka ea mafu a mafu a marang-rang kapa ho bona ngaka ea methapo ea mafu.
Litokisetso tsa tlhahlobo ea mali
Taba ea pele, ngaka e hlalosetsa mokuli hore o hloka ho ba le thuto e joalo. Ho lokela ho hopoloa ka litekanyetso tsa melao ea boitšoaro ea bongaka le litšobotsi tsa kelello, hobane motho ka mong o na le karabelo e le 'ngoe.
Khetho e ntle e ne e tla ba sampole ea mali ke setsebi sa mahlale kapa ngaka. Hoa hlokahala ho hlalosetsa mokuli hore tlhahlobo e joalo e etsoa ho fumana lefu la tsoekere. Bongata bo lokela ho hlalosa hore lefu ha le bolaee, 'me haeba u latela melao, u ka phela ka tsela e felletseng.
Madi a lokela ho tšeloa hoseng hoseng ka mpeng e se nang letho, u ke ke ua khona ho noa kofi kapa tee. U ka noa metsi feela. U ke ke ua ja lihora tse 8 pele ho tlhahlobo. Letsatsi pele ga tshekatsheko e thibetswe:
- nwa jwala
- ja lijo tse halikiloeng
- ho bapala lipapali.
Sampole ea mali bakeng sa ho hlahlojoa e etsoa ka tsela e latelang:
- mali a bokelloa ka har'a lethopo la tlhahlobo le lokiselitsoeng (le ka ba ka lehare la karohano kapa le se nang letho),
- Kamora ho nka mali, sebaka sa punction se koahetsoe ka swab ea k'hothone,
Haeba hematoma e hlaha sebakeng sa ho phunya, ngaka e beha litlatsetso tsa mofuthu.
Liphetho li reng?
Haeba tlhahlobo e le ntle, sena se bontša:
- mofuta oa 1 lefu la tsoekere
- Lefu la Hirat
- polyendocrine autoimmune syndrome,
- boteng ba li-antibodies tsa ho hlola hape insulin.
Liphetho tsa tlhahlobo e mpe li nkuoa li tloaelehile.
Mafu a amanang le ona
Ha u fumana letšoao la autoimmune beta-cell pathologies le netefatso ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, ho tla tlameha ho beoa lithuto tse ling. Li hlokahala ho kenyelletsa mafu ana.
Boholo ba lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, ho na le tšekamelo ea autoimmune e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa.
Ka tloaelo, tsena ke:
- autoimmune pathologies ea tšoelesa ea qoqotho e etsa mohlala, Hashimoto's thyroiditis le lefu la Graves,
- ho hloleha ka pele ha adrenal (lefu la Addison),
- lefu la celiac, i.e. gluten Enteropathy le anemia e kotsi.
Ho bohlokoa hape ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa mefuta ea lefu la tsoekere ka bobeli. Ntle le moo, o hloka ho tseba nalane ea lefu lena ho ba nang le nalane ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, haholo-holo ho bana. Video e sehloohong sena e bontša kamoo 'mele o ananelang li-antibodies.
