Ntle le hemoglobin e tloaelehileng, glycated hemoglobin, kapa HbA1c, le eona e teng maling a motho.
Ke letšoao le letle la bophelo bo botle ba mokuli, ho u fa monyetla oa ho lemoha kapele le ka nepo mafu a metabolic a bobebe le hammoho le li-pathologies tse tebileng tse kang mofuta oa 1 le lefu la tsoekere la 2.
Ho etsa tlhahlobo ea haemoglobin khafetsa ho lumella bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le bakuli ba nang le khaello ea phepo ea lik'habohaedreite ho utloisisa hore na kalafo e khethiloeng ke ngaka e sebetsa joang le hore na mokuli o khona ho laola bokuli ba hae.
Glycated hemoglobin: ke eng?
Glycated hemoglobin kapa HbA1c ke motsoako o thehiloeng maling ka lebaka la karabelo ea glucose e arohaneng le hemoglobin e tloaelehileng.
Sebopeho se tsitsitse ebile se ke ke sa fetoloa ntho efe kapa efe.
Nako ea bophelo ba motsoako o joalo e ka ba matsatsi a 100-120, kapa nako e telele feela ha sele ea "mali" e phela. Ka hona, tlhahlobo ea mali e nkiloeng ke mothusi oa laboratori e ka fana ka tlhaiso-leseling e felletseng mabapi le boemo ba hemoglobin ea glycated likhoeling tse 3 tse fetileng.
Mefuta e meng ea hemoglobin le eona e teng maling a motho. Leha ho le joalo, ke HbA1c eo ka ho toba e itšetlehileng ka boemo ba tsoekere maling mme ke eona e fanang ka tsebo.
Hoggated le glycosylated hemoglobin: na ho joalo kapa che?
Hangata, ntle le tlhaloso e tloaelehileng ea "glycated hemoglobin," lingaka li sebelisa polelo e kang "glycosylated hemoglobin," ka tsela eo ba khelosa bakuli.
Ha e le hantle, maele a thathamisitsoeng a bolela ntho e tšoanang.
Ka hona, ha motho a se a fumane tlhahiso ea hore a ka hlahloba hemoglobin ea glycosylated, ha ea lokela ho tšoha. Re bua ka mofuta oa lipatlisiso tse tloaelehileng ho batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere, sephetho sa sona se tla thusa ho laola boemo ba mali ba letšoao la bohlokoa likhoeling tse 3 tse fetileng.
HbA1c eohle e bontša eng tlhahlobong ea mali?
Ha u fana ka mali ho hemoglobin ea glycated, ho bohlokoa ho tseba hore na ke hobane'ng ha tlhahlobo ena e etsoa, le hore na litholoana li re'ng ho setsebi.Hemoglobin e fumanehang liseleng tse khubelu tsa mali e khona ho hokahanya glucose e tsoang plasma ea mali. Tsoekere e eketsehileng e na le 'mele, e leng eona e phahamisang phello ea ho thehwa ha HbA1c.
Palo ea hemoglobin ea glycated e tla ipapisa ka kotloloho le khakanyo e ngata ea tsoekere holim'a bophelo ba lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
'Me kaha li-erythrocyte tsa "lilemo" tse fapaneng li teng maling, litsebi hangata li nka letšoao le tloaelehileng (bakeng sa matsatsi a 60-90) e le motheo. Ka mantsoe a mang, kamora ho tlola matšoao, ho tloaela boemo ba HbA1c maling ho ka etsahala pele ho kamora matsatsi a 30-45.
Ka lebaka leo, ha a se a fumane sephetho sa tlhahlobo, ngaka e eang teng e ka etsa qeto e felletseng ea hore na mokuli o na le ts'oaetso ea metabolism ea carbohydrate, kapa hore na ke khale a tšoeroe ke lefu la tsoekere.
Mekhoa ea ho ikemisetsa ea Hemoglobin A1c
Kajeno, litsebi li sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng bakeng sa ho khetholla A1c maling a bakuli. Ka lebaka lena, ho khothalletsoa ho ea hlahlojoa setsing se le seng sa bongaka. Ntle le moo, liphetho tse fumanoeng nakong ea lipatlisiso li sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng e ka fapana ho fapana.
Lirabong tsa sejoale-joale, ho sebelisoa mekhoa e latelang ho tseba hore na glycogemoglobin ke eng:
- HPLC (e sebetsang ka bongata chromatography). Khakanyo e etsoa ka boeona ho sebelisoa mohlahlobi;
- Mokhoa oa matsoho (ion exchange chromatography). Ho khetholla mokokotlo oa ntho e khahlehang, mali ohle a kopantsoe le tharollo ea mohoma. Ho etsa mofuta ona oa ho sekaseka ho boetse ho hloka boteng ba mohlahlobi oa biochemical ea semi-automatic;
- khatello e tlase ea ion exchange chromatography. Motsoako o nepahetseng oa litšoaneleho tsa bareki le litloaelo tsa bohlahlobo li etsa hore mokhoa ona o tume haholo. Liphetho tse fumanoeng li sebelisa HPLC le mokhoa ona hangata lia tšoana;
- sebelisa bahlahlobisisi ba glycohemoglobin. Mokhoa ona o lumella litekanyo ka kotloloho betheng ea mokuli. Leha ho le joalo, litšenyehelo tsa thuto e joalo li phahame haholo, ka hona mokhoa oo ha o hlokahale haholo;
- immunoturbidimetry. E u lumella ho tseba karolo ea HbA1c maling ohle, ntle le tšebeliso ea mananeo a mang. Ka hona, lebelo la ho fumana sephetho le holimo haholo.
Mekhoa ea batho ba baholo le bana
Ho theha maikutlo a sepheo, setsebi se sebelisa matšoao a tloahelehileng a tloaelehileng. Bakeng sa lilemo le maemo a fapaneng, lipalo li tla fapana.
Motho ea phetseng hantle
Bakeng sa motho ea phetseng hantle, boemo ba khatello ea glycogemoglobin bo ka har'a 4% ho isa ho 5.6%.
Litla-morao tsa nako e le 'ngoe li ke ke tsa nkuoa e le bopaki bo tobileng ba boteng ba lefu la tsoekere kapa hypoglycemia.
Ka linako tse ling liphoso tse nyane li ba teng esita le ho batho ba phetseng hantle tlas'a tšusumetso ea khatello ea maikutlo, ho imeloa kelellong kapa 'meleng, le mabaka a mang a mangata.
Ho mokuli ea nang le lefu la tsoekere
Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere, mohopolo o ikemiselitsoe ka bomong. Setsebi se senola sena, ho ipapisitse le boemo ba bophelo bo botle le ho teba ha lefu lena.
Empa maemong afe kapa afe, mokuli o lokela ho lula a lekola boemo ba glycemia mme a leke ho atolosa ho tlisa boleng ba HbA1c ho tloaelehileng (ho tloha 4% ho isa ho 5.6%).
Ha e le litekanyetso, matšoao a lipakeng tsa 5.7% le 6.4% a supa hore mokuli o maemong a "moeli", mme kotsi ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere e holimo haholo.
Glycemic hemoglobin e nang le tsoekere ea mali
Joalo ka ha u tseba, HbA1c e ipapisitse le boemo ba tsoekere maling. Ho na le liparamente tse ikemiselitsoeng ka kakaretso tseo ngaka e ka khethang hore na boemo ba bophelo ba mokuli bo khotsofetse.
Palo e ntle ea matšoao e hlahisoa tafoleng:
| HbA1c,% | Glucose, mmol / L |
| 4,0 | 3,8 |
| 4,5 | 4,6 |
| 5,0 | 5,4 |
| 5,5 | 6,5 |
| 6,0 | 7,0 |
| 6,5 | 7,8 |
| 7,0 | 8,6 |
| 7,5 | 9,4 |
| 8 | 10,2 |
Ho kheloha ha boemo ba HbA1c ho latela tloaelo ho bontša eng?
Hemoglobin e ntseng e eketseha e ka 'na ea se ke ea bontša boteng ba lefu la tsoekere feela.Keketseho e potlakileng ea khatello ea maikutlo le eona e ka bakoa ke mamello ea tsoekere e maling. Litekanyetso tse fokotsoeng tsa HbA1c ha li kotsi.
E ka ba sesosa sa ho ba teng ha mofets'e makhophong, tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi tse theolelang tsoekere, ho latela nako e telele phepo e tlase ea carb le lintlha tse ling.
Mokhoa oa ho theola / ho eketsa sekhahla?
Ho ntlafatsa kapa ho theola HbA1c ho tla thusa ho boloka phepo e nepahetseng, tlhophiso e hlophisehileng ea kemiso ea letsatsi le letsatsi le ho kenya tšebetsong likhothaletso tsa ngaka.
Ho ntlafatsa boleng ba glycogemoglobin ho tla thusa ho ntlafatsa lijo (ka har'a meeli e loketseng) ka lihlahisoa tse nang le tsoekere, ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea mmele ho ea boemong bo loketseng, le ho itšireletsa khatellong.
Ho fihlela phokotso ea HbA1c, ho hlokahala hore ho be le mehato e fapaneng. Maemong ana, mokuli o tla tlameha ho fetohela lijong tsa carb tse tlase, ho fa mmele tšebetso ea 'mele, ho qoba maemo a sithabetsang le ho lula a lekola boemo ba glycemia.
Livideo tse amanang
Lintlha mabapi le tlhahlobo ea mali bakeng sa hemoglobin e glycated ho video:
Ho hlahloba maemo a hemoglobin a glycated ke mohato oa bohlokoa oa ho hlahloba mafu a lefu la tsoekere. Ho boloka boemo le katleho ea kalafo e laoloa, ho khothalletsoa hore bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le ho kheloha ha metabolism ea carbohydrate ba fane ka mali likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse tharo bakeng sa HbA1c.
