Haeba lijo tse fokotsang lipid li sa sebetse ka ho lekaneng, ho ka fuoa meriana e felisang tlolo ea metabolism ea mafura 'meleng. Haeba boemo ba cholesterol e felletseng maling e ba phahameng ho feta 6.5 mmol / l, ngaka e ka khothaletsa kalafo e khethehileng ho e theola pejana ho nako ena.
Sehlopha sa mantlha sa lithethefatsi
Pele ho tsohle, lithethefatsi tse fokotsang lipid li lokela ho hlokomeloa. Tsena li kenyeletsa:
- fibrate;
- li-statins
- anion e fapanyetsana lithethefatsi le li-resine tse fokotsang ho monya k'holeseterole ka mpeng;
- asiti ea nicotinic;
- probucol.
Ho latela mochine oa ts'ebetso, lithethefatsi tsena li ka aroloa likarolo tse 'maloa:
- lithethefatsi tse thibelang tlhahiso ea k'holeseterole e tlaase (e boetse e bitsoa hampe): li-statins, fibrate, nicotinic acid, probucol, moholoflavin;
- li-agents tse ka fokotsang ho monya k'holeseterole: li-guar, li-sequestrants tsa bile acid;
- mafura a metabolism ea mafura a eketsang cholesterol e phahameng haholo: lipostabil, lintho tsa bohlokoa.
Li -ququitors tsa bile acid
Moriana ea hore bile bile asiti hangata e bitsoa li-resin tsa phapanyetsano ea anion. Hang ha lithethefatsi tsena li kena ka mpeng, li-acid lia tšoaroa ebe li felisoa 'meleng.
Ba morao-rao ba arabela ts'ebetsong ena ka ho baka tšusumetso ea li-acids tse ncha tse tsoang mabenkeleng a k'holeseterole e seng e ntse e le teng. Cholesterol e nkuoa maling, e thusang ho e fokotsa.
Indasteri ea meriana e fana ka lithethefatsi tsa cholestyramine e phofshoang hammoho le colestipol, ho theola cholesterol ea mali. Li ka sebelisoa ho tekanyetso ea 2-4, ka tlamo ea pele ea tlatsetso ka metsi.
Li-resin tsa phallo ea anion ha li khone ho kenella maling le "ho sebetsa" feela ka lumen ea ka mpeng. Ka lebaka lena, sethethefatsi ha se khone ho ba le phello e mpe 'meleng.
Litlamorao li ka kenyelletsa:
- bloating;
- ho nyekeloa
- ho sokela.
Haeba marang-rang a li-acid acid a sebelisitsoe ka tekanyetso e kholo ka nako e telele, joale boemong bona ho ka ba le tlolo ea ho amoheloa ha li-vithamine tse ling, hammoho le bile acid.
Lithethefatsi sehlopheng sena li fokotsa khatello ea seo ho thoeng ke cholesterol e mpe, 'me boteng ba li-triglycerides maling bo lula bo le boemong bo tšoanang.
Li-suppressants tsa Cholesterol Absorption
Ka lebaka la ho kenyelletsa k'holeseterole butle butle lijong, sehlopha sena sa lithethefatsi se ka fokotsa khatello ea sona. Tse sebetsang ka ho fetesisa e tla ba katara. Tlatsetso ena ea phepo e sireletsehile ka botlalo 'me e tsoa ho peo ea linaoa tsa hyacinth. Sebopeho sa sehlahisoa se kenyelletsa polysaccharide, eo, ha e kopana le mokelikeli, e fetohang jelly.
Guarem e khona ho tlosa limolek'hule tsa cholesterol marakong a mala. Ntle le moo, sethethefatsi:
- ho potlakisa ho tlosoa ha li-bile acid;
- takatso ea lijo;
- e thusa ho fokotsa palo ea lijo tse jeoang.
Mohatelli ona oa ho monya o ka sebopeho sa granules ho kenyelletsoa seno. Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi e ka kopanngoa habonolo le mekhoa e meng.
Nakong ea ts'ebeliso, litla-morao li boetse lia khoneha, ho etsa mohlala, ho theola setuloana, bohloko bo ka mpeng, ho nyekeloa le pelo le ho thunya. Matšoao ana ha a manyane ebile a etsahala ka seoelo. Le ha ho se na phekolo, li feta kapele, ha ho ntse ho na le phokotseho e hlophisehileng ea cholesterol ea mali.
Nicotinic Acid
Acid ea Nicotinic le lintho tsohle tse tsoang ho eona, mohlala:
- acipimox
- niceritrol
- enduracin
ha e le hantle, ke livithamine tsa B. Lithethefatsi tsena li fokotsa cholesterol e tlaase le ho kenya tšebetsong sisteme ea fibrinolysis, e thusang ho fokotsa monyetla oa thrombosis. Mekhoa e ntlafalitsoeng ho feta lithethefatsi tse ling tse fokotsang lipid e eketsa dikahare tsa k'holeseterole e ntle maling a mokuli.
Kalafo e nang le nicotinic acid e nka nako e telele le keketseho e tlamang ea litekanyetso. Kamora ho etsa litokisetso, pele ho moo ha ua lokela ho noa lino tse chesang, haholo kofi ea tlhaho.
Niacin e ka khopisa mabota a mpa, e sa kenyeng tšebeliso ea eona maemong a liso tsa ka mpeng. Ho palo e kholo ea bakuli, bofubelu ba sefahleho bo ka bonoa qalong ea phekolo, leha ho le joalo, letšoao lena le nyamela ha nako e ntse e tsamaea. Ho thibela bofubelu, o hloka ho nwa halofo ea 325 mg ea halofo ea hora pele u sebelisa lithethefatsi.
Lintho tse ka sehloohong tse khahlanong le nicotinic acid li kenyelletsa:
- hepatitis e sa foleng;
- gout
- morethetho oa pelo.
Ho na le moriana o ka bakang litlamorao tse fokolang mme o nka nako e telele ho feta - ena ke enduracin.
Studucol
Studucol ha e ame triglycerides, empa e boetse e lokisa tekanyo ea k'holeseterole e ntle le e mpe maling. Matlapa a thibelang ho fokola ha mafura 'me a bonts'a tšebeliso ea anti-atherosulinotic, e amang ho fokotseha ha cholesterol ea mali.
Phello ea kalafo e nang le Probucol e ka fumaneha kamora likhoeli tse peli mme e ka nka likhoeli tse 6 kamora ho tlohela ts'ebeliso ea eona. Sesebelisoa se ka kopantsoe ka mokhoa o phethahetseng le lithethefatsi tse ling tse fokotsang k'holeseterole.
Nakong ea kalafo, ho ka hlokomeleha ho eketsoa ha sekhahla sa pelo le nts'etsopele ea methapo ea pelo. Ho thibela boemo bona, ho hlokahala hore ho be le electrocardiogram bonyane nako e le 'ngoe ho likhoeli tse 6.
Probucol e ke ke ea laeloa ka nako e le ngoe le cordarone.
Litla-morao tsa 'mele li kenyelletsa bohloko bo ka mpeng ea mpa, ho nyekeloa le pelo le lets'ollo.
Lithethefatsi ha lia lokela ho nkuoa le:
- ventricular arrhythmias;
- likarolo tsa khafetsa tsa ischemia ea myocardial;
- maemo a tlase a HDL.
Fibrate
Li-figrate li ka sebetsana ka mokhoa o loketseng le boemo ba li-triglycerides, hammoho le khatello ea LDL le VLDL. Li ka sebelisoa ka hypertriglyceridemia ea bohlokoa. Tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa li ka bitsoa matlapa a joalo:
- gemfibrozil (lopid, gevilon);
- fenofibrate (Tipantil 200 M, Tricor, Exlip);
- cyprofibrate (lipanor);
- choline fenofibrate (trilipix).
Litlamorao tse mpe tse bakoang ke ts'ebeliso li ka hlahisoa ke bohloko mesifa, ho nyekeloa le pelo le bohloko bo ka mpeng ea mpa. Fibrate e ka eketsa ho hlaha ha majoe a liphio le lefu la nyooko. Nako e lekaneng, thibelo ea hematopoiesis e ka bonoa.
Lithethefatsi tsena li ka se fuoe mafu a liphio, lefu la nyooko le mathata a mali.
Maemo
Statins ke lipilisi tse thelisang cholesterol tse sebetsang ka ho fetisisa. Li khona ho thibela enzyme e khethehileng e arabelang tlhahiso ea ntho e kang mafura sebete, ha e ntse e fokotsa khatello ea mali maling. Ka nako e ts'oanang, palo ea li-receptor tsa LDL e ntse e eketseha, e leng se fanang ka tšusumetso ho koleche e potlakileng ea k'holeseterole e tlaase haholo.
E le molao, litlhare tse latelang li laetsoe:
- simvastatin (vasilip, zokor, aries, simvageksal, simvakard, simvakor, simvastatin, simvastol, simvor, simlo, sincard, holvasim);
- lovastatin (cardiostatin, choletar);
- pravastatin;
- atorvastatin (anvistat, atocor, atomax, ator, atorvox, atoris, vazator, lipoford, lypimar, liptonorm, novostat, torvazin, torvakard, tulip);
- rosuvastatin (akorta, sefapano, mertenyl, rosart, rosistark, rosucard, rosulip, roxer, rustor, tevastor);
- pitavastatin (livazo);
- fluvastatin (leskol).
Simvastatin, hammoho le lovastatin, li entsoe ka fungus. Lithethefatsi tse tšoanang tsa litafole tsa cholesterol e phahameng li fetoha metabolites e sebetsang. Pravastatin ke mofuta oa fungal o tsoang ka boeona e leng ntho e sebetsang.
Statins e ka khothaletsoa hang bosiu bo bong le bo bong. Mokhoa ona oa phekolo o hlalosoa ke taba ea hore tlhoro ea cholesterol ea mali e hlaha bosiu. Ha nako e ntse e ea, tekanyetso ea li-statins e ka eketsoa, 'me ts'ebetso ea eona e tla fumaneha kamora matsatsi a' maloa a pele a tsamaiso, e fihla ka bongata ka nako e fetang khoeli.
Lipalo li sireletsehile ka ho lekaneng bakeng sa batho, empa ho bohlokoa haholo hore u se ke ua sebelisa tekanyetso e kholo, haholo-holo ka li-fibrate, tse nang le mathata a sebete.
Bakuli ba bang ba ka ba le bofokoli ba mesifa le bohloko 'meleng. Maemong a mang, bohloko ba ka mpeng, ho sokela, ho nyekeloa le pelo, hammoho le ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo, ho hlobaela le hlooho e bohloko lia tsebahala.
Lithethefatsi tsena tsa ho fokotsa cholesterol ha li khone ho ama carbohydrate le metaboline ea purine, e li lumellang hore li sebelisoe bakeng sa li-degree tse fapaneng tsa botenya, gout le lefu la tsoekere. Hlokomela hore haeba cholesterol e phahameng e bonoa nakong ea kemaro, hoa hlokahala ho buisana le ngaka ka meriana.
Haeba re nka mofuta oa kalafo ea kalafo ea kalafo, joale li-statins li ka hokahana le kalafo ea atherosclerosis e le monotherapy kapa hammoho le lithethefatsi tse ling.
Pharmacology e fana ka metsoako e itokiselitseng e thehiloeng ho:
- lovastatin le acid ea nicotinic;
- ezetimibe le simvastatin;
- pravastatin le fenofibrate;
- rosuvastatin le ezetimibe.
Ho ka lokolloa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-statins le acetylsalicylic acid, atorvastatin le amlodipine.
Ts'ebeliso ea litlhare tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o lokiselitsoeng ha e na phaello e fetang ea ho boloka chelete, empa e baka le litlamorao tse fokolang.
