Karolo ea bohlokoahali ea kalafo ea bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ke phepo e nepahetseng. Melao ea eona ea mantlha ea lefu la tsoekere ke lijo tse fanoang khafetsa, karolelano ea lik'habohaedreite tse tsoang ka potlako lijong, le boikemisetso ba litaba tsa khalori ea lijo. Ho rarolla mathata ana, lingaka tsa endocrinologists li thehile poleloana ea bohobe le litafole tsa likarolo tsa bohobe.
Litsebi tsa phepo e ntle ea kliniki li khothaletsa ho etsa lenane la letsatsi le letsatsi la sehlopha sena sa bakuli bakeng sa baithuti ba 55%% ea lik'habohaedreite tse nkiloeng butle, 15% -20% ea liprotheine, 20% -25% ea mafura. Ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho fumana palo ea lik'habohaedreite tse sebelisitsoeng, likarolo tsa bohobe (XE) li qapiloe.
Naheng ea Russia, ho amoheloa ka kakaretso hore karolo e le 'ngoe e lumellana le ligrama tse 12-25 tsa lik'habohaedreite, ho ligrama tsa USA -15. Lijo tse jeoang ke XE li eketsa boemo ba tsoekere ka 2.2 mmol / l, ho e fokotsa e hloka li-PUSCES tsa 1-2 tsa insulin.
Litafole tse nang le lefu la tsoekere li na le lethathamo la lijo tse fapa-fapaneng. Ho theha polelo ena, litsebi tsa phepo e nepahetseng li nkile bohobe ba rye e le motheo: sengoathoana sa eona se boima ba ligrama tse mashome a mabeli a metso e mehlano se nkuoa e le karolo ea bohobe e le 'ngoe.
Litafole tsa likarolo tsa bohobe ke tsa eng?
Morero oa kalafo ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ke ho etsisa ts'oarelo ea tlhaho ea insulin ka ho khetha litekanyetso le mekhoa ea bophelo hoo boemo ba glycemia bo atamelaneng le litekanyetso tse amoheloang.
Phekolo ea sejoale-joale e fana ka mefuta e latelang ea kalafo ea insulin:
- Moetlo;
- Regimen ea ente tse ngata;
- E matla
Ha u bala tekanyo ea insulin, o hloka ho tseba palo ea XE e thehiloeng ho lihlahisoa tsa carbohydrate tse baliloeng (litholoana, lebese le lihlahisoa tsa lijo-thollo, liswiti, litapole). Meroho e na le bothata ba ho chesa lik'habohaedreite 'me ha e phethe karolo ea bohlokoa ho eketseheng ha tsoekere ea glucose.
Sistimi e matla ea "insulin" e fana ka ts'ebetso ea mantlha (ea mantlha) ea insulin (Lantus) ea nako e telele hang ka letsatsi, mme kamora eona litekanyetso tsa ente ea "bolus" li fanoe hang hang pele ho lijo tse kholo kapa ka metsotso e mashome a mararo. Bakeng sa morero ona, ho sebelisoa li-insulin tse khutšoanyane.
Palo ea Bolus
Bakeng sa yuniti e ngoe le e 'ngoe e fumanehang ka har'a lenane le reriloeng, o lokela ho kenya (ho nahana ka nako ea letsatsi le boemo ba glycemia) 1U ea insulin.
Tlhokahalo ea nako ea letsatsi ho 1XE:
- Hoseng - 1.5-2 IU ea insulin;
- lijo tsa motšeare - likarolo tse 1-1,5;
- lijo tsa mantsiboea - likarolo tsa 0,8-1.
Hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko boemo ba mantlha ba tsoekere, ha bo le holimo haholo - tekanyo ea lithethefatsi e holimo. Karolo e le 'ngoe ea ts'ebetso ea insulin e khona ho sebelisa tsoekere e 2 mm / L.
Haeba mokuli a rera lijo, o tla ja lijo ho 3 XE, le boemo ba glycemic metsotso e 30 pele lijo li lekana le 7 mmol / L - o hloka 1 U ea insulin ho fokotsa glycemia ka 2 mmol / L. Le 3ED - bakeng sa tšilo ea likarolo tse 3 tsa bohobe. O lokela ho kenya likarolo tse 4 tsa insulin (Humalog) e akaretsang.
Lijo ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 ba ithutileng ho bala tekanyo ea "insulin" ho latela XE, ba sebelisang tafole ea lisenthara tsa bohobe.
Mokhoa oa ho bala likarolo tsa bohobe bakeng la lefu la tsoekere
Ka bongata bo tsebahalang ba sehlahisoa le lethathamo la lik'habohaedreite tse 100, u ka tseba palo ea likarolo tsa bohobe.
Mohlala: sephutheloana sa chisi e nang le boima ba ligrama tse 200, ligrama tse 100 li na le ligrama tse 24 tsa lik'habohaedreite.
Li-gramme tse 100 tsa chisi ea chate - ligrama tse 24 tsa lik'habohaedreite
Li-gramme tse 200 tsa chisi ea Cottage - X
X = 200 x 24/100
X = ligrama tse 48 tsa lik'habohaedreite li fumaneha ka pakete ea chisi e nang le boima ba ligrama tse 200. Haeba ho 1XE 12 ligrama tsa lik'habohaedreite, joale ka pakete ea chisi ea chisi - 48/12 = 4 XE.
Ka lebaka la likarolo tsa bohobe, o ka tsamaisa palo e nepahetseng ea lik'habohaedreite ka letsatsi, sena se u lumella ho:
- E-ja tse fapaneng;
- U se ke ua ipehela meeli ea lijo ka ho khetha lijo tse lekanang;
- Boloka boemo ba hau ba glycemia bo laoloa.
Ka marang-rang u ka fumana lipalo tsa phepo e nepahetseng ea lefu la tsoekere, tse lekanyang lijo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi. Empa thuto ena e nka nako e ngata, ho bonolo ho sheba litafole tsa likarolo tsa bohobe bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere le ho khetha lenane le leka-lekaneng. Palo ea XE e hlokahalang e latela boima ba 'mele, boikoetliso ba' mele, lilemo le bong ba motho.
Palo e hlokahalang ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea XE ho bakuli ba nang le boima ba 'mele bo tloaelehileng
| Ho phela bophelo ba ho lula fatše | 15 |
| Batho ba mosebetsi oa kelello | 25 |
| Basebetsi ba tsamaisang matsoho | 30 |
Bakuli ba batenya ba hloka lijo tse nang le khalori e tlase, e leng ho holisa motho ka mong. Likahare tsa likhalori tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa lijo li lokela ho fokotsoa ho 1200 kcal;
Ka boima ba 'mele
| Ho tsamaisa mokhoa o sa sebetseng oa bophelo | 10 |
| Mosebetsi o leka-lekaneng | 17 |
| Mosebetsi o boima | 25 |
Ho lumeloa hore kakaretso ea lihlahisoa tse hlokahalang ka letsatsi e ka ba 20-24XE. Hoa hlokahala ho tsamaisa palo ena bakeng sa lijo tse 5-6. Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong e lokela ho ba 4-5 XE, bakeng sa tee ea motšeare le lijo tsa mots'eare - 1-2XE. Ka nako, u se ke oa khothaletsa ho ja lijo tse fetang 6-7XE.
Ka khaello ea boima ba 'mele, ho khothalletsoa ho eketsa palo ea XE ho isa ho 30 ka letsatsi. Bana ba lilemo li 4-6 ba hloka 12-14XE ka letsatsi, ba lilemo li 7-16 ba khothaletsoa ka lilemo tse 15-16, ho tloha ho ba lilemo li 11-14 - likotoana tsa bohobe (bakeng sa bashanyana) le 16-17 XE (bakeng sa banana). Bashemane ba lilemo li 15 ho isa ho 18 ba hloka likarolo tsa bohobe tse lekanang le ba lekholo le le leng ka makhetlo a mabeli, banana ba babeli ka tlase.
Litlhoko tsa lijo:
- Ho ja lijo tse nang le fiber ea phepo: bohobe ba rye, nyalothe, oatmeal, meroho, buckwheat.
- Ho ajoa ha lik'habohaedreite ka nako e lekaneng le palo e lekaneng ea letsatsi le leng le le leng ea lik'habohaedreite ho lekane lethal dose la insulin.
- Ho khutlisetsa lik'habohaedreite tse bonolo tse nang le lijo tse tšoanang tse khethiloeng litafoleng tsa lefapha la tsoekere.
- Phokotseho ea karolo ea mafura a liphoofolo ka lebaka la keketseho ea palo ea mafura a meroho.
Bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 le bona ba hloka ho sebelisa litafole tsa unit ea bohobe ho thibela ho nona. Haeba ho hlokomeloa hore lihlahisoa tse nang le lik'habohaedreite tse kotsi li na le litekanyetso tse amohelehang lijong, joale tšebeliso ea tsona e lokela ho fokotsoa butle butle. U ka etsa sena ka matsatsi a 7-10 ho 2XE ka letsatsi, ho tlisa sekhahla se hlokahalang.
Matata a likarolo tsa bohobe bakeng la lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa pele le oa bobeli
Litsi tsa Endocrinological li balile litafole tsa likarolo tsa bohobe lihlahisoa tse tsebahalang tse thehiloeng ka har'a ligrama tse 12 tsa lik'habohaedreite ho 1 XE. Tse ling tsa tsona li u hlokomelisa.
Metsotso
| Sehlahisoa | Ml mol | XE |
| Morara | 140 | 1 |
| Fokotsa | 240 | 3 |
| Apple | 200 | 2 |
| Khokahano | 250 | 2.5 |
| Kvass | 200 | 1 |
| Pear | 200 | 2 |
| Gooseberry | 200 | 1 |
| Morara | 200 | 3 |
| Tomoso | 200 | 0.8 |
| Carrot | 250 | 2 |
| Orange | 200 | 2 |
| Cherry | 200 | 2.5 |
Li-jusi li ka jeoa ka mefuta e felletseng ea lefu la tsoekere la mefuta ea pele le ea bobeli, ha boemo ba glycemia bo tsitsitse, ha ho na liphetoho tse matlafatsang ka lehlakoreng le le leng.
Litholoana
| Sehlahisoa | Boima g | XE |
| Blueberries | 170 | 1 |
| Orange | 150 | 1 |
| Bbb | 170 | 1 |
| Banana | 100 | 1.3 |
| Cranberries | 60 | 0.5 |
| Morara | 100 | 1.2 |
| Apricot | 240 | 2 |
| Phaenapole | 90 | 1 |
| Kharenate | 200 | 1 |
| Blueberries | 170 | 1 |
| Melon | 130 | 1 |
| Kiwi | 120 | 1 |
| Lemon | 1 mahareng | 0.3 |
| Plum | 110 | 1 |
| Cherry | 110 | 1 |
| Persimmon | Karolelano ea 1 | 1 |
| Monate o monate | 200 | 2 |
| Apple | 100 | 1 |
| Lebone | 500 | 2 |
| Currant e ntšo | 180 | 1 |
| Lingonberry | 140 | 1 |
| Currant e khubelu | 400 | 2 |
| Perekisi | 100 | 1 |
| 'Mala oa lamunu oa Mandarin | 100 | 0.7 |
| Li-ramatiki | 200 | 1 |
| Gooseberry | 300 | 2 |
| Meroho | 170 | 1 |
| Meroho | 100 | 0.5 |
| Pear | 180 | 2 |
Ho tsoekere, ho khothalletsoa ho ja meroho e mengata, e na le fiber e ngata le likhalori tse fokolang.
Meroho
| Sehlahisoa | Boima g | XE |
| Pepere e monate | 250 | 1 |
| Litapole tse halikiloeng | Thispone e 1 | 0.5 |
| Tomoso | 150 | 0.5 |
| Linaoa | 100 | 2 |
| K'habeche e tšoeu | 250 | 1 |
| Linaoa | 100 | 2 |
| Jerusalema artichoke | 140 | 2 |
| Zucchini | 100 | 0.5 |
| Kholifolaoa | 150 | 1 |
| Litapole tse phehiloeng | 1 mahareng | 1 |
| Radish | 150 | 0.5 |
| Mokopu | 220 | 1 |
| Lihoete | 100 | 0.5 |
| Likomkomere | 300 | 0.5 |
| Beetroot | 150 | 1 |
| Litapole tse khotliloeng | 25 | 0.5 |
| Lierekisi | 100 | 1 |
Lihlahisoa tsa lebese li lokela ho jeoa letsatsi le letsatsi, haholo-holo thapama. Tabeng ena, eseng likarolo tsa bohobe feela, empa le liperesente tsa lijo tse nang le mafura li lokela ho tsotelloa. Bakuli ba lefu la tsoekere ba khothalletsoa lihlahisoa tsa lebese tse nang le mafura a tlase.
Lihlahisoa tsa lebese
| Sehlahisoa | Boima g / Buka ea ml | XE |
| Ice cream | 65 | 1 |
| Lebese | 250 | 1 |
| Ryazhenka | 250 | 1 |
| Kefir | 250 | 1 |
| Syrniki | 40 | 1 |
| Yoghur | 250 | 1 |
| Kerese | 125 | 0.5 |
| Monokotšoai o monate | 200 | 2 |
| Lipapatso ka chisi ea chisi | 3 pc | 1 |
| Yoghur | 100 | 0.5 |
| Cottage Cheese Casserole | 75 | 1 |
Lihlahisoa tsa bakery
| Sehlahisoa | Boima g | XE |
| Li-bunter | 100 | 5 |
| Bohobe bo tšoeu | 100 | 5 |
| Fritters | 1 | 1 |
| Bohobe bo lefifi | 100 | 4 |
| Mabenyane | 20 | 1 |
| Bohobe ba Borodino | 100 | 6.5 |
| Khaba | 40 | 1 |
| Baqhekelli | 30 | 2 |
| Bohobe ba makala | 100 | 3 |
| Li-pancake | E kholo | 1 |
| Baqhekelli | 100 | 6.5 |
| Mabone | 8pcs | 2 |
Paseka le lijo-thollo
| Sehlahisoa | Boima g | XE |
| Paseka, li-noodle | 100 | 2 |
| Pheha khekhe | 35 | 1 |
| Popcorn | 30 | 2 |
| Oatmeal | 20 e tala | 1 |
| Phofo ea Wholemeal | 4 tbsp | 2 |
| Millet | 50 e phehiloeng | 1 |
| Harese | 50 e phehiloeng | 1 |
| Mabone | 30 | 2 |
| Lero | 50 e phehiloeng | 1 |
| Phofo e ntle | 2 tbsp | 2 |
| Manna | 100 e phehiloeng | 2 |
| Khekhe e phehiloeng | 50 | 1 |
| Pearl harese | 50 e phehiloeng | 1 |
| Rye phofo | 1 tbsp | 1 |
| Koro | 100 e phehiloeng | 2 |
| Muesli | 8 tbsp | 2 |
| Li-groats tsa Buckwheat | 50 e phehiloeng | 1 |
Ho tsoekere ea lefu la tsoekere, ho kgothaletswa ho nkela mafura a liphoofolo ka mafura a meroho.. Sehlahisoa sena se ka jeoa ka mokhoa oa oli ea meroho - mohloaare, poone, linseed, mokopu. Oli e tlotsoa ho linate, peo ea mokopu, folaxe le poone.
Nuts
| Sehlahisoa | Boima g | XE |
| Pistachios | 120 | 2 |
| Litapole | 85 | 1 |
| Cashew | 80 | 2 |
| Walnuts | 90 | 1 |
| Lialmonde | 60 | 1 |
| Nate tsa phaene | 120 | 2 |
| Hazelnuts | 90 | 1 |
Bakeng sa bonolo ba ho hlophisa lenane la lijo tse nepahetseng tsa tsoekere, litsebi tsa endocrinologists li hlahisitse litafole tse lokiselitsoeng lijo tsa bohobe tse fumanehang lijaneng tse fapaneng:
| Sehlahisoa | Boima g | XE |
| Pie ea nama | Lihlahisoa tsa halofo | 1 |
| Nate cutlet | Karolelano ea 1 | 1 |
| Lipapatso ka chisi ea chisi | 8 | 4 |
| Soseji le lisosa | 160 | 1 |
| Pitsa | 300 | 6 |
Batho ba fumanoeng ba tšoeroe ke lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 ba lokela ho ithuta ho laola tsoekere ea mali, ho etsa lethathamo la lijo le boikoetliso. A oa ho ja bakuli e lokela ho ba lijo tse phahameng ka ho fiber, koro.
Ho na le likhothaletso tse ka thusang bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 ho tsitsisa maemo a bona a glycemic:
- Sebelisa litlatsetso tsa tlhaho feela;
- Kopanya ho ja meroho le lijo tse halikiloeng;
- E-ja lijo-thollo kaofela, bohobe ba korong le phofo ea Wholemeal;
- Monko o tlameha ho kopanngoa le fiber le protheine, e felisang mafura;
- Meroho e metala ho ja ka bongata bo sa lekanngoeng;
- Sebakeng sa lino, sebelisa litholoana tse halikiloeng;
- Ho khothalletsoa ho hlafuna lijo hantle;
- Fokotsa haholo ts'ebeliso ea lijo tse nang le khalori e ngata, liswiti, lino tse tahang.
