Lithethefatsi tsa antihypertensive tsa mofuta oa tsoekere ea tsoekere ea bobeli li khethoa ka bonngoe, ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea liphio, phello ea metabolism ea mafura acid le lik'habohaedreite. Phekolo ea methapo ea methapo e tsamaea le 80% ea ba nang le bothata ba hyperglycemia. Mathata ka bobeli a mpefatsa ts'ebetso ea litho tsa ka hare, e sitisa tšebetso ea tlhaho ea metabolism.
Litšobotsi
Phepelo ea lipilisi tsa khatello ea lefu la tsoekere e thatafatsoa ke litlamorao tse sa rateheng, pontsho ea tsona e bakoang ke metabolism ea intracellular e senyehileng.
Khetho ea lithethefatsi bakeng sa khatello ea mali e matla le hyperglycemia e ipapisitse le maemo:
- Ho sebetsa hantle, litlamorao tse tlase;
- Cardio le sephetho sa nephroprotective (ts'ireletso ea pelo le liphio);
- Ha ho na tšusumetso ea ho hlonama ha lipids le glucose maling.
Mokhoa o potlakileng oa ho etsa lintho
Haeba u tloaetse ho tlola ka tšohanyetso khatello ea mali, ka mokhoa o tšoanang meriana e loketseng tsoekere e maling e lokela ho ba haufi.
Haeba thuso ea maemo a tšohanyetso e hlokahala, ts'ebeliso e bolela hore na phello ea 'mele ha e fetise lihora tse 6. Lintho tse sebetsang tse karolo ea mabitso a tloaelehileng a khoebo a meriana:
- Captopril;
- Nifedipine;
- Clonidine;
- Anaprilin;
- Andipal.
Mekhoa ea ho sebelisa meriana
Ho baloa khafetsa ka holimo ho 130/80 mm Hg. Art. bakeng sa batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba tletse mathata a mathata a amanang le lefu la tsoekere, tsoelo-pele ea lefu la tsoekere. Tabeng ena, tšebeliso ea kamehla ea lithethefatsi e khothalletsoa, ha u ntse u latela lijo tsa letsoai le lik'habohaedreite. Litlamorao tsa lithethefatsi tse nang le khatello e phahameng ea lefu la tsoekere li lokela ho ba bonolo. Ho theoha ha khatello ea mali e lateloang ke ho itahlela ho senya ho senya esita le tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo ea motho ea phetseng hantle.
Li-inhibitors tsa ACE
Bakeng sa botsitso ba butle-butle ba lipontšo tsa khatello ea mali, ho sebelisoa li-blockers tsa angiotensin-Athanme, tse eketsang tšusumetso ea angiotensin. Ka ho fokotsa khatello ea "angiotensin", litsoelesa tsa adrenal li hlahisa aldosterone e fokolang, e bolokang sodium le metsi 'meleng. Vasodilation e etsahala, mekelikeli e mengata le letsoai li tlosoa, phello ea hypotonic e bonahatsoa.
Lintho tse sebetsang tse thibelang ACE:
- Enalapril;
- Perindopril;
- Quinapril;
- Fosinopril;
- Trandolapril;
- Ramipril.
Likotsi tsa li-inhibitors ke bokhoni ba ho lieha ho felisoa ha potasiamo le ho lieha ho sebetsa. Litlamorao tsa kopo ha li hlahlojoe pele ho libeke tse peli kamora ho behwa.
Angiotensin Receptor blockers (ARBs)
Li thibela motsoako oa renin, o thusang phetoho ea angiotensin, e bakang mabota a methapo ea mali. Li-ARB li khethoa haeba ho se mamellane ho thibelang li-inhibitors tsa ACE. Mokhoa oa mekhoa ea bona ea biochemical o fapane, empa sepheo se tšoana - ho fokotsa litlamorao tsa angiotensin le aldosterone.
Sehlopha se bitsoa sartane qetellong ea mabitso a lintho tse sebetsang:
- Losartan;
- Valsartan;
- Irbesartan
- Mokhanni.
Diuretics
Diuretics li na le phello e bonolo ea hypotonic, li fanoa haholo-holo kalafo e kopaneng e sebelisang lipilisi tse ling tsa khatello ea mali bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere.
- Liop diuretics (furosemide, lex) li kopana hantle le li-inhibitors tsa ACE, ha li ame boemo ba tsoekere, lipids, 'me li loketse tsamaiso ea nako e khutšoane ho tlosa ho ruruha ho matla ha tiske. Ts'ebeliso e sa laoloang e tsosa ho felisoa ha potasiamo ka potlako, ho ka bakang keketseho ea hypokalemia le pelo.
- Ka lebaka la phello e bonolo ea diuretic, thiazide-di diuretics (indapamide) ha e khopise ho leka-lekana ha tsoekere, mafura acid, maemo a potasiamo, mme ha a ame ts'ebetso ea tlhaho ea liphio.
- Thiazide diuretics (hypothiazide) ka tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi e fetang 50 mg e khona ho eketsa maemo a tsoekere le cholesterol. Tsena li laetsoe ka hloko litekanyetso tse nyane ka lebaka la menyetla ea ho mpefala le ho holofala ha letlalo le ho mpefala.
- Lintho tse hahelletsoeng ka potasiamo (veroshpiron) ha li khothalletsoe ho sebelisoa mofuteng oa 2 lefu la tsoekere, o tsamaisana le ts'ebetso ea mokokotlo oa mokokotlo.
Beta blockers
Lithethefatsi tse 'maloa tse thibelang ho hlohlelletsa ha adrenoreceptors ke adrenaline le norepinephrine li fanoa haholo bakeng sa kalafo ea ischemia, pelo, lefu la pelo. Ka hyperglycemia, matlapa a khatello ea mali a khethoa ka phello e eketsehileng ea vasodilating:
- Labetalol;
- Carvedilol;
- Nebivolol.
Likhohlano tsa calcium
Lithane tsa calcium calcium - sehlopha sa lithethefatsi tse fokotsang khoholeho ea calcium ions. Khutsa le ho holisa mabota a methapo ea mali, methapo ea kutlo, lisele tse boreleli tsa mesifa. E arotsoe ka lihlopha:
- Verapamil, diltiazem. Ama mosebetsi oa "myocardium" le lisele tsa pelo, fokotsa sekhahla sa pelo. Ts'ebeliso e kopanetsoeng le beta-blockers e kopantsoe.
- Liphetho tsa dihydropyridine - nifedipine, verapamil, nimodipine, amlodipine. Ba khatholla marako a lisele tsa mesifa e boreleli, ba eketsa lebelo la pelo.
Barekisi ba k'halsiamo ha ba kena-kenane le carbohydrate, metabolism ea lipid. Ha e sebelisoa e le moriana oa khatello, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 le rateha, empa le na le likhohlano tse 'maloa. Nifedipine e tšoaelitsoe ho angina pectoris, pelo le ho hloleha ha liphio, tse loketseng phomolo e le 'ngoe ea mathata. Amlodipine e ka phahamisa ho ruruha. Verapamil e na le tšusumetso e bonolo ts'ebetsong ea liphio, empa e ka baka li-bronchodilators.
Karabelo ea motho ka mong
Lithethefatsi tsa antihypertensive li kopantsoe hammoho, li khethiloe ho latela mafu a kopaneng, meriana e nkiloeng. Hypertension, e tsamaeang le tlolo ea tsoekere ea metabolism ea intracellular, e baka karabelo e fapaneng ea poraefete.
Pele o sebelisoa, o lokela ho ithuta lenane la litla-morao, mekhoa ea ho li felisa.
Ha o nka, matla a khatello ea mali a bonoa. Ka nako e ts'oanang, boemo ba hemoglobin ea glycated, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose e potlakileng le ka mor'a ho ja e hlahlojoa. Ho kheloha ho sa hlokahaleng ho tloha boemong bo amohelehang ho hloka hore ho sebelisoe meriana.
