Lefu la tsoekere Macroangiopathy - polelo e kopaneng eo ho eona ho utloisisang hore atherosulinosis ea methapo e meholo ea methapo. Lefu la tsoekere le lebisa kholong ea lefu lena, le tsamaeang le keketseho ea tsoekere ea mali. Tabeng ena, lits'ebetso tsa metabolic, ho kenyelletsa metabolism ea mafura, lia ameha. Sena se lebisa sebopeho sa li-plaque tsa atherosselotic maboteng a vascular. Pele ho tsohle, pelo, boko le maoto li utloa bohloko.
Mabaka
Ho na le mabaka a 'maloa a lebisang ho nts'etsopele ea pathology ena:
Boima bo feteletseng;- Mekhoa e mebe - ho noa le ho tsuba;
- Phaello ea mali
- Ntshetsopele ea fibrillation ea atrial;
- K'holeseterole e eketsehileng ea mali;
- Lilemo tse fetang 50;
- Phello ea lefutso.
Boima bo feteletseng;Ntle le moo, ho na le lintlha tse ling tse amanang ka kotloloho le kholo ea lefu la tsoekere. Mabaka ana a kenyelletsa a latelang:
- Hyperglycemia;
- Ho eketseha ha insulin - boemo bona bo bitsoa hyperinsulinemia;
- Matla a amanang le litlamorao tsa li-hormone - boemo bona bo bitsoa ho hanyetsa insulin;
- Lefu la liphio le tsamaeang le lefu la tsoekere;
- Phihlelo e telele ea lefu lena.
Insulin e baka ponahalo ea li-cholesterol plaque le likotoana tsa lipoprotein ka bomong. Sena se ka bakoa ke phello e tobileng ea marako a arterial kapa phello ea metabolism ea lipid.
Classified le tlhahiso ea bongaka
Diabetes macroangiopathy e ka ba le likhetho tse fapaneng tsa nts'etsopele. Mofuta o mong le o mong oa pathology o tšoauoa ka likarolo tse itseng.
Ka tšenyo ea methapo ea pelo, ho ba teng ha angina pectoris hoa bonoa. Tlolo ena e amana le tlolo ea melaoana ea phepelo ea mali. E iponahatsa ka mokhoa oa bohloko ho sternum. Ho boetse ho na le kotsi ea ho ba le tšoaetso ea pelo e mpe le ho nyekeloa ke pelo ho sa feleng.
Mofuta ona oa pathology o tšoauoa ka lipontšo tse joalo:
- Ho hatella, ho chesa, le ho hatella bohloko bo bohloko karolong ea pelo le sternum. Boemong ba pele ba lefu lena le hlaha, ba hlaha feela ka ho ikoetlisa. Ha ba ntse ba hola, ho hloka botsitso ho teng maemong a khutsitseng le kamora ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse tsoang sehlopheng sa li-nitrate.
- Ho hema hanyane. Qalong, e bonoa feela tlasa meroalo, ebe e ba maemong a khutsitseng.
- Ho ruruha ha maoto.
- Ho se sebetse hantle ha pelo.
- Keketseho ea khatello ea mali.
- Ho hlaseloa ke pelo ho bohloko. Psychology ena hangata e bonoa ho lefu la tsoekere. Sena se bakoa ke ho se sebetse hantle ha methapo ea kutlo.
Ho senyeha ha lijana tsa "cerebral" ho bitsoa cerebrovascular pathology. Ka nts'etsopele ea eona, lipontšo tse joalo li bonoa:
- Ho opeloa ke hlooho.
- Boemo ba ho tsepamisa mohopolo.
- Ho tsekela
- Ho fokolisa mohopolo.
- Stroke Tlas'a polelo ena ho utloisisoa tlolo e mpe ea ho potoloha ha lisele, e kenyang lefung la sebaka se itseng.
Letsoalo la "lefu la tsoekere" la likarolo tse tlase le kenyeletsa lipontšo tse joalo:
- Bohloko maotong.
- Lcerative liso. Ha li hlaha, ho tšepahala ha letlalo ho senyehile.
- Lameness.
- Lefu la lisele tse bonolo. Ha gangrene e etsahala, leoto le ba lefifi 'me le lahleheloa ke mesebetsi ka botlalo.
Mekhoa ea kalafo
Morero oa kalafo ea lefu lena ke ho liehisa nts'etsopele ea mathata a kotsi a tsoang likepeng, e leng se ka lebisang ho holofetseng ha mokuli kapa lefu. Molao-motheo oa bohlokoa kalafong ea lefu lena ke ho lokisa maemo a joalo:
- Hypercoagulation;
- Hyperglycemia;
- Khatello ea mali ea methapo;
- Dyslipidemia.
Ho ntlafatsa boemo ba motho, ho fanoa ka litlhare tse fokotsang lipid. Tsena li kenyelletsa li-fibrate, li-statin, li-antioxidants. Ha ho bohlokoa bo boholo ke ho boloka lijo, tse kenyeletsang ho thibela ho ja mafura a liphoofolo.
Ka tšokelo e kholo ea litlamorao tsa thromboembolic, ho loketse ho sebelisa li-antiplatelet agents. Tsena li kenyelletsa heparin le pentoxifylline. Hangata lingaka li beha acetylsalicylic acid.
Phekolo ea antihypertensive e nang le ts'oaetso ena e etsoa ho fihlela le ho boloka khatello e tsitsitseng. E lokela ho lula e le maemong a 130/85 mm RT. Art. Ho rarolla bothata bona, ho sebelisoa li-inhibitors tsa ACE, Captopril.
U boetse u hloka ho sebelisa diuretics - furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide. Bakuli ba nang le infraction ea myocardial ba fuoa li-beta-blockers. Tsena li kenyelletsa atenolol.
Kalafo ea trophic ulcers ea liqeto tse feteletseng e lokela ho etsoa ka tlasa tlhokomelo ea ngaka e buoang. Likotsi tse mpe tsa methapo ea methapo, ho fanoa ka tlhokomelo e matla. Haeba ho na le bopaki, ho ka etsoa opereishene.
Mathata
Tšokelo ea macroangiopathy e tsebahala haholo ho batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2. Kotsi ea lefu ka lebaka la mathata a lefu lena ke 35-75%. Maemong a halofo, lefu le hlaha ka lebaka la infaration ea myocardial.
Keketseho e sa thabiseng ke ha likarolo tse 3 tsa methapo - boko, maoto le pelo - li ameha ka nako e ts'oanang. Karolo e fetang halofo ea lingaka tsohle tse mpe tse mpe tse mpe tse amanang le maoto le matsoho li amahanngoa ka ho khetheha le macroangiopathy.
Ka ho senyeha ha leoto, mefokolo ea ulcerative ea bonoa. Sena se theha meralo ea mantlha ea ho theha lehlaba la tsoekere. Ka tšenyo ea likhoele tsa methapo, methapo ea mali le lisele tsa masapo, necrosis e bonoa mme lits'ebetso tsa purulent li hlaha.
Ponahalo ea liso tsa trophic leotong le ka tlase ke ka lebaka la mathata a potoloha methapong e amehang ea maoto. Sebaka se tloaelehileng sa gangrene ke menoana e meholo.
Bohloko bo nang le chebahalo ea lefu la tsoekere ha le iponahatse haholo. Empa ha bopaki bo hlaha, ha ho na thuso ho liehisa ts'ebetso. Le ho lieha ho lieha ho apesitsoe ke ho fola maqeba ka nako e telele. Ka linako tse ling ho hlokahala ho etsa tlhahlobo e phetoang hangata.
Mehato ea thibelo
Bakeng sa ho thibela ponahalo ea ts'ebetso ea methapo ena, likeletso tse ngata li lokela ho bonoa:
- Phekola lefu la tsoekere ka nako e loketseng;
- Khomarela lijo tse amanang le lithibelo tsa lijo tsa liprotheine, lik'habohaedreite, letsoai le lijo tse mafura;
- Tloaetsa boima ba 'mele;
- Qoba ho tsuba le ho noa;
- Fana ka boikoetliso bo itekanetseng ba 'mele, bo sa faneng ka ponahalo ea matšoao a angina pectoris;
- Letsatsi le letsatsi, tsamaea moeeng o mocha;
- Fana ka tlhahlobo e matla ea litaba tsa lipid - hang ka likhoeli tse 6;
- Etsa tlhahlobo ea matla ea glucose maling - sesupo sena se lekanyetsoa hang ka letsatsi.
Nts'etsopele ea macroangiopathy ho lefu la tsoekere ke ketsahalo e tloaelehileng. Psychology ena e tletse ponahalo ea litlamorao tse kotsi ebile e ka baka lefu. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa haholo ho nka karolo thibelong ea eona, mme haeba matšoao a hlaha, etela ngaka hang-hang.
