Ka khopolo, ho thata haholo ho bala palo e hlokahalang ea insulin - tekanyetso e le 'ngoe e fanoang ke bakuli ba fapaneng e ka baka karabelo e fapaneng ea' mele, ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea lithethefatsi, nako le nako ea ketso ea eona. Palo ea palo ea insulin e etsoa sepetlele, lefu la tsoekere le ikemetse ka bo lona le lekola palo eo, le e kopanya le matla a ho ikoetlisa, ho nka lijo le tsoekere maling.
Mekhoa ea tsamaiso ea insulin
- Ente e le 'ngoe ea insulin e etsang lintho tse telele kapa e bohareng;
- Ente habeli ea insulin ea mahareng;
- Ente ea habeli ea insulin le ea nakoana e sebetsang;
- Ente ea makhetlo a mararo ea insulin ea nako e telele le ea nako e telele;
- Motheo ke morero oa bolus.
Ts'ebetso ea tlhaho ea "insulin" ea tlhaho ea letsatsi le letsatsi e ka emeloa ka mokhoa oa mohala o nang le manonyeletso nakong ea tlhoro ea "insulin" e hlahang hora e le 'ngoe ka mor'a ho ja. Mohlala, haeba motho a nkile lijo ka 7 a.m., 12 p.m., 6 p.m. le 10 p.m., tlhoro ea "insulin" e tla hlaha ka 8 hoseng, 1 p.m. 7 p.m le 11 p.m.
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/sayd-2020/2077/shemi-insulinoterapii.png)
Ente e le 'ngoe ea insulin e etsang lintho tse telele kapa e bohareng
Ente e le 'ngoe e bakoa ke ho hlahisoa ha insulin ea letsatsi le letsatsi hoseng pele ho lijo tsa hoseng.
Ketso ea Morero ona ke tšubuhlellano e simolohileng nakong ea ts'ebetso ea moriana, e fihla sehlohlolong ka nako ea lijo tsa motšeare ebe e theohela lijong tsa mantsiboea (graph 2)
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/sayd-2020/2077/shemi-insulinoterapii-2.png)
- Mokokotlo oa lesoba le le leng ha o na monyetla oa ho tšoana le karolo ea tlhaho ea secretion ea insulin.
- Ts'ebeliso ea Morero ona e kenyelletsa ho ja makhetlo a 'maloa ka letsatsi - lijo tsa hoseng tse bobebe li nkeloa sebaka ke lijo tse ngata tsa motšeare, lijo tse bobebe tsa motšeare le lijo tse nyane tsa lijo.
- Tekanyo le sebopeho sa lijo li lokela ho hokahanngoa le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea insulin hona joale le boemo ba ho ikoetlisa.
Ho hlahisoa ha tekanyetso ea bohlokoa ea insulin ho senya metabolism ea mafura a mmele, e leng ho ka lebisang ho thehoeng ha mafu a kopaneng.
Morero ona ha o khothalletsoe batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, ba mofuta oa 2 diabetes, kalafo e sebelisoa hammoho le lithethefatsi tse theolelang tsoekere tse hlahisitsoeng nakong ea lijo.
Ente ea habeli ea insulin ea bohareng
Mokhoa ona oa kalafo ea insulin o bakoa ke ho hlahisoa ha lithethefatsi hoseng pele ho lijo tsa hoseng le ka shoalane pele ho lijo tsa mantsiboea. Tekanyetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea insulin e arotsoe hoseng le mantsiboea ka karolelano ea 2: 1, ka tatellano (graph 3).
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/sayd-2020/2077/shemi-insulinoterapii-3.png)
- Melemo ea leano ke hore menyetla ea hypoglycemia e fokotsehile, 'me karohano ea "insulin" ho "" "" litekanyetso tse peli e etsa hore tekanyetso e tlase ea mali e potolohe' meleng oa motho.
- Likotsi tsa Morero li kenyelletsa ho hokahana le ramatiki ka tloaelo le ho ja - motho ea nang le lefu la tsoekere o lokela ho ja ka tlase ho makhetlo a 6 ka letsatsi. Ho kenyelletsa moo, khato ea ts'ebetso ea "insulin" joalo ka ts'ebetsong ea pele, e hole le kotopo ea "insulin" ea tlhaho.
Ente ea habeli ea insulin le ea nakoana le haufinyane
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/sayd-2020/2077/shemi-insulinoterapii.jpeg)
Ho lefu la tsoekere, ka lebaka la ho laola litekanyetso tsa insulin, ho ka khonahala ho fetola lenane la tsoekere ka ho sebelisa sehlahisoa se nang le tsoekere e ngata kapa ho eketsa lijo tse nkuoeng (chate ea 4).
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/sayd-2020/2077/shemi-insulinoterapii-4.png)
- Haeba nakong ea letsatsi leo u rerileng lijo tse matlafalitsoeng (ho tsamaea, ho hloekisa, ho lokisa), tekanyetso ea hoseng ea insulin e khuts'oanyane e nyoloha ka li yuniti tse peli, mme tekanyetso e mahareng e fokotseha ka likarolo tse 4 - 6, kaha ts'ebetso ea 'mele e tla kenya letsoho ho theola tsoekere;
- Haeba ketsahalo e bohlokoa ka lijo tse ngata tsa mantsiboea e reriloe mantsiboea, tekanyetso ea insulin e khuts'oanyane e lokela ho eketsoa ke likarolo tse 4, karolelano ea khefu - tloha ka tekanyo e ts'oanang.
Leha ho na le melemo, morero ona o na le mathata, o mong oa ona o amahanngoa le ho ja ka thata. Haeba kalafo ea insulin habeli eu lumella ho fapanyetsana mefuta ea lijo, joale ho kheloha kemiso ea phepo e nepahetseng ha ho thibetsoe. Ho kheloha kemisong ea halofo ea hora ho sokela ho hlaha hoa hypoglycemia.
Ente ea makhetlo a mararo ea insulin e haufinyane le ea nako e telele
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/sayd-2020/2077/shemi-insulinoterapii-3.jpg)
![](http://img.diabetesentity.com/img/sayd-2020/2077/shemi-insulinoterapii-5.png)
Motheo - Sekema sa Bolus
Ka moralo oa motheo oa bolus oa tsamaiso ea insulin, halofo ea tekanyetso e oela ho insulin e nkang nako e telele, le halofo ho "e khuts'oane" e le ngoe. Karolo ea bobeli ea insulin ea nako e telele e sebelisoa hoseng le thapama, 'me ka phomolo mantsiboea. Tekanyo ea "insulin" e khutsoanyane e itšetlehile ka boholo ba lijo tse entsoeng.