LDL ke drenity lipoprotein cholesterol e fokolang. Ke mofuta oa mantlha oa k'holeseterole 'meleng. Ntho ena hangata e bitsoa li-p-lipoprotein, tse bōpiloeng ka mpeng e nyane le sebete.
Maling a batho, cholesterol ea LDL e jella mafura (ho kenyelletsa cholesterol) ho tloha sele ho ea ho sele. Ho na le maikutlo a hore index ea LDL e tsamaellana haholo le monyetla oa ho nts'etsapele atherosulinosis ho feta boemo ba cholesterol e felletseng. Bongaka bo hlalosa sena ka taba ea hore ke karoloana ena e ikarabellang bakeng sa ts'oaetso ea cholesterol ho litho tsohle le likepe.
Ka lebaka la boemo ba methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea kutlo, e ileng ea hlaha ka lebaka la lintlha tse fapaneng (Homocysteine e phahameng, khatello e phahameng ea mali, likaroloana tsa mosi oa koae, tse ileng tsa kena 'meleng ha o tsuba).
LDL lisele tsa mabota a methapo ea mali. Hape, li fetotsoe tlasa ts'usumetso ea maemo a lehae a ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha le ho thehoa ha methapo ea methapo ea kutlo e nyenyefatsang lumen ka likepeng mme e baka thrombosis, e leng kotsi haholo ho lefu la tsoekere.
Lintho tse ka behang kotsing ea ho qala ha atherosulinosis li kenyeletsa:
- lilemo tsa banna ho tloha ka lilemo tse 45, le basali ba lilemo tse 55;
- lefutso (linyeoe tsa ho otla ha pelo kapa lefu la tšohanyetso la banna ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 55 le basali ba ka tlase ho 65);
- lefu la tsoekere;
- ho tsuba;
- khatello ea mali
Haeba bonyane e 'ngoe ea lintlha tsena tsa kotsi e hlaha, joale matšoao a lakatsehang a LDL cholesterol maling e tla ba a ka tlase ho 3.37 μmol / L.
Lits'oants'o tsohle tse lenaneng ho tloha 3.37 ho isa ho 4.12 μmol / L li tla nkoa li le kotsi bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo. Lintlha tseo kaofela tse tla ba holimo ho 4,14 mmol / l li tla nkuoa e le sekhahla se phahameng sa monyetla oa ho ba le lefu la pelo, hammoho le atherosclerosis.
Bohlokoa ba ho sekaseka LDL ke bofe?
Joalokaha ho se ho hlokometsoe, k'holeseterole ea lipoprotein e fokolang e amana haholo le monyetla oa ho holisa atherosclerosis. Ka lebaka lena, ho bohlokoa haholo hore pele u tsebe hore na ke oa sehlopha se itseng.
Ka lebaka lena, hoa hlokahala ho khetholla cholesterol ea LDL, e atherogenic e ngata ka lebaka le itseng.
LDL cholesterol e nka 2/3 ea kakaretso eohle ea plasma mme ke sekhechana se ruileng ho cholesterol. Likahare tsa eona li ka fihlela liperesente tse 45 kapa esita le tse 50.
Ka ho khetha beta-cholesterol, lingaka li ikemiselitsoe ka tsela eo ka LDL cholesterol. Boholo ba likaroloana tsa eona bo tla ba 21-25 nm, e lumellang cholesterol e tlase (HDL) ho kenella ka har'a marako a methapo ea mali hammoho le letsoalo le phahameng. Haeba HDL e ka tlosoa kapele marakong ka tšitiso ea endothelial, e thusa ho tlosa mafura, joale LDL e lieha ho bona ka nako e telele. Sena se bakoa ke ho tloaelana ho ikhethileng bakeng sa lisele tse bonolo tsa mesifa le glucose-aminoglycans.
LDL cholesterol ke mofuta o ka sehloohong oa lipalangoang tsa cholesterol, e hlokahalang bakeng sa marako a cell cell. Ha maemo a pathological a etsahala, e fetoha mohloli oa ho bokella cholesterol marakong a methapo ea mali.
Ka lebaka lena, mofuteng oa bobeli oa hyperlipoproteinemia, e bonts'ang boemo bo eketsehang ba beta cholesterol, le pele haholo le ho boleloa haholo ha atherosclerosis, hammoho le lefu la pelo.
Ho sibolloa ha k'holeseterole ea LDL ho fetoha thuto. Haeba ho khelohile bohlokoa bo khelohileng tloaelo, re ka bua ka mathata a tebileng a bophelo bo botle.
Ke likotsi life tseo LDL cholesterol e li etsang?
Ho na le lintlha tse 'maloa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea cholesterol ea LDL, mohlala:
- atherosclerosis le maloetse a mang a amanang le eona (lefu la pelo le pelo, lefu la pelo);
- lefu la sebete
- litlhahlobo tse hlahang e le karolo ea mekhoa e meng ea ho fumana boemo ba motho ba molomo.
Tlhahlobo ea k'holeseterole ea LDL e hlokahala ho hlahloba kapa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sebete, hammoho le litho tsa tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo. Tlhahlobo ena ha e fane ka tokiso e khethehileng.
U hloka feela ho e hlahisa ka mpeng e se nang letho, 'me lijo tsa ho qetela ha lia lokela ho etsoa pele ho lihora tse 12-14 pele ho tlhahlobo e boletsoeng.
Setsing sa bongaka, serum ea mali e tla nkuoa, 'me tlhahlobo e tla nka lihora tse 24.
U ka hlakola liphetho joang?
E le ho tseba sephetho sa tlhahlobo pele u etela ngaka, o lokela ho sebelisa tafole e ka tlase. K; Ntle le moo, ho na le sesebelisoa sa ho lekanya k'holeseterole, e le hore lapeng o ka fumana karabo ea litaba tsa eona.
Mokhoa oa boikemisetso, o nkiloeng e le motheo, ke palo ho latela sebopeho sa Friedwald. Mekhoa e sebelisitsoeng e ne e le:
- k'holeseterole e felletseng;
- triglycerides;
- HDL k'holeseterole.
L boleng ba LDL ka triglyceridemia ea bohlokoa (bo boholo ho feta 5.0 - 5.5 mmol / L) e tla nkoa e fokotsehile ka thetso.
Melao ea Bohlokoa:
| Lilemo tsa lilemo | Bong | Cholesterol-LDL, mmol / L |
| Lilemo tse 5-10 | Monna | 1,63-3,34 |
| Mosali | 1,76-3,63 | |
| Lilemo tse 10-15 | Monna | 1,66-3,44 |
| Mosali | 1,76-3,52 | |
| Lilemo tse 15-20 | Monna | 1,61-3,37 |
| Mosali | 1,53-3,55 | |
| Lilemo tse 20-25 | Monna | 1,71-3,81 |
| Mosali | 1,48-4,12 | |
| Lilemo tse 25-30 | Monna | 1,81-4,27 |
| Mosali | 1,84-4,25 | |
| Lilemo tse 30-35 | Monna | 2,02-4,79 |
| Mosali | 1,81-4,04 | |
| Lilemo tse 3540 | Monna | 2,10-4,90 |
| Mosali | 1,94-4,45 | |
| Lilemo tse 40-45 | Monna | 2,25-4,82 |
| Mosali | 1,92-4,51 | |
| Lilemo tse 45-50 | Monna | 2,51-5,23 |
| Mosali | 2,05-4,82 | |
| Lilemo tse 50-55 | Monna | 2,31-5,10 |
| Mosali | 2,28-5,21 | |
| Lilemo tse 55-60 | Monna | 2,28-5,26 |
| Mosali | 2,31-5,44 | |
| Lilemo tse 60-65 | Monna | 2,15-5,44 |
| Mosali | 2,59-5,80 | |
| Lilemo tse 65-70 | Monna | 2,54-5,44 |
| Mosali | 2,38-5,72 | |
| > Lilemo tse 70 | Monna | 2,49-5,34 |
| Mosali | 2,49-5,34 |
Haeba, ka lebaka la thuto, ho fumanoe lintlha tse kaholimo ho tloaelo e boletsoeng, joale re ka bua ka maloetse:
- jaundice e thibelang;
- botenya
- lefutso la mantlha hypercholesterolemia (mefuta ea hyperlipoproteinemia IA, hammoho le mefuta ea IIB), lesapo la pele la likepe tsa coronary, tendon xanthoma;
- lefu la tsoekere;
- hypothyroidism;
- nephrotic syndrome, hammoho le ho se sebetse hantle ha renal ho mafu a morao-rao;
- anorexia mothosa;
- Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome.
Matšoao a nang le matla a ho feta a tla ba nakong ea bokhachane, tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi (diuretics, lithibela-pelehi tsa litheolelo, androgens, glucocorticosteroids, progestin), hammoho le lijo tse nang le lipids le cholesterol e ngata haholo.
Letšoao ka tlase ho se tloaelehileng e tla ba tšobotsi ea maloetse a joalo:
- hyperthyroidism;
- Reine's syndrome;
- anemia e sa foleng;
- ho se leka-lekane ha metabolism ea mafura (hypobetaproteinemia, khaello ea alpha-lipoprotein, khaello ea LAT (lecithin cholesterol acyl synetatase), mofuta oa 1 hyperlipoproteinemia, ho haella ha lipoprotein lipase cofactor);
- mathata a metabolism ea lipid;
- khatello ea maikutlo e matla;
- ramatiki;
- myeloma
- mathata a a sa foleng a a meno.
Phello e 'ngoe e joalo e tla fumanoa ka ts'ebeliso ea meriana e itseng (lovastatin, interferon, cholestyramine, thyroxine, neomycin, estrogen), hammoho le lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata a polyunsaturated, empa mafutsana a le lipids le cholesterol.
