Lefu la tsoekere le bitsoa lefu la kelello le nang le bothata ba metabolic, boo li-polysaccharides tse kenang 'meleng li sa kenngoeng hantle, mme keketseho ea tsoekere ea mali e fihla lipalo tse bohlokoa. Mefuta e latelang ea lefu lena e teng: motho ea its'episang insulin (mofuta oa 1), ea sa ts'epeng insulin (mofuta oa 2). Phekolo ea mefuta eohle ea "lefu le monate" e fapane. Mekhoa ea phekolo e rarahane ebile e sebelisoa ka sepheo se fapaneng. Phekolo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 ka litlhare tsa setso le setso e nkoa e le sehlooho sena.
Likarolo tsa lefu lena
Mofuta oa "lefu le monate" o itšetlehileng ka insulin o hlaha hangata bongoaneng kapa bonyenyaneng. Ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea methapo ea methapo e tšoauoa ka mofuta o sa lekaneng oa insulin ea pancreatic, ka lebaka leo 'mele o sa khone ho sebelisa glucose. Litho ha li fuoe matla a lekaneng, ka lebaka leo maemo a tsona a sebetsang a khathatsoa.
Lebaka le ka sehloohong la nts'etsopele ea mofuta oa pele oa lefu la tsoekere le nkoa e le tlhahiso ea tlhaho ea lefutso. Leha ho le joalo, lebaka le le leng la ho hlaha ha lefu ha lea lekana. Ha e le molao, karolo ea bohlokoa e bapaloang ke mafu a vaerase le tšenyo ea manyeme, e hlahisang tšenyo ea lisele tsa sephiri tsa insulin.
Mehato e latelang ea nts'etsopele ea mofuta oa "lefu le monate" le itšetlehileng ka insulin e teng:
- ho ba teng ha ntho e rerang lefu lena;
- tšenyo ea lisele ka mabaka a ferekanyang le ho hlahisoa ha liphetoho tsa anatomical le 'mele;
- sethala sa ts'ebetso ea "autoimmune insulitis" - ts'ebetso ea antibody e phahame, palo ea lisele tsa "insulin-secretory" e fokotsoe, li-hormone li hlahisoa ka bongata bo sa lekaneng;
- phokotso e sebetsang ea secretion ea insulin - maemong a mang, mokuli a ka khetholla tlolo ea kutloisiso ea glucose, tsoekere e phahameng ea plasma;
- bophahamo ba lefu lena le ho hlaha ha setšoantšo se hlakileng sa kliniki - ho feta 85% ea lisele tsa lihlekehleke tsa Langerhans-Sobolev tsa manyeme li felisitsoe;
- Tšenyo e felletseng ea lisele tsa setho le ho khaotsa ho matla ha tlhahiso ea insulin.
Khaello ea insulin le hyperglycemia ke lipontšo tse ka sehloohong tsa lefu le itšetlehileng ka insulin
Liponahatso tse ka sehloohong tsa lefu lena
Ho mofuta oa 1 lefu la tsoekere, mokuli o tletleba ka matšoao a latelang: lenyora la pathological, ho tsoa ka bongata ba moroto le ho omella ha mucous. Takatso e eketsehang ea lijo e tsamaea le tahlehelo e boima ea 'mele. Ho na le bofokoli, 'mala o fokotsehileng oa pono, ho phahama ha methapo letlalong. Bakuli ba tletleba ka tšekamelo ea ho tšoaetsoa mafu a letlalo.
Ho hloka thuso sethaleng sa lipontšo tse joalo ho lebisa ntlheng ea hore lefu lena le tsoela pele ka mafolofolo.
Ho hlaha mathata a hlobaetsang le a sa foleng:
Mokhoa oa ho phekola lefu la tsoekere- trophic ulc ea lipheletsong tse tlase;
- tlolo ea mosebetsi oa lekunutu oa mala le mala;
- tšenyo ea tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo;
- tšenyo ea ho mohlahlobi oa pono;
- lefu la methapo ea methapo ea kutlo, haholo-holo liphio;
- lefu la tsoekere le amanang le lefu la tsoekere;
- liehisa kholo ea mmele ho bana.
Melao-motheo ea ho phekola lefu
Bakuli ba netefalitsoeng hore ba tšoeroe ke mofuta oa bokuli o itšetlehileng ka insulin ba botsoa ke ngaka ea bona hore na lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 le ka phekoloa ka ho sa feleng. Phekolo ea sejoale-joale e ke ke ea imolla mokuli oa lefu lena, leha ho le joalo, mekhoa e mecha ea phekolo e ka fumana puseletso e tiileng ea lefu lena, ho thibela nts'etsopele ea mathata le ho boloka bophelo ba mokuli bo le maemong a holimo.
Phekolo ea lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 e na le likarolo tse latelang:
- kalafo ea insulin;
- khalemelo ea lijo ka bo mong;
- ho ikoetlisa;
- physiotherapy;
- koetliso.
Endocrinologist - mothusi ea ka sehloohong ntoeng ea ho loants'a "lefu le monate"
Litšobotsi tsa Matla
Litsebi tsa phepo le li-endocrinologists li khothaletsa mokuli hore a latele palo ea lijo. Ho ipapisitsoe le mafu a kopanang, boima ba 'mele oa mokuli, bong, lilemo, ho ba teng ha mathata le matšoao a glycemia, ngaka e eang ka bomong e fetolela menyu ea mokuli.
Lijo palo ea 9 e fana ka maikutlo a hore lijo li lokela ho fanoa khafetsa, empa ka bongata. Palo ea lik'habohaedreite e lekantsoe, haholo-holo li-polysaccharides (fiber ea lijo, fiber) li sebelisoa. Sena sea hlokahala e le ho thibela ho tlola ho matla ha tsoekere ea mali, empa ka nako e ts'oanang e le hore mmele o ka fumana bongata ba "thepa" e lekaneng.
Khalori ea letsatsi le letsatsi e baloa ka bonngoe. Palo ea liprotheine lijong tsa letsatsi le letsatsi e eketseha ka lebaka la lintho tse simolohileng semeleng, mme palo ea mafura ka lehlakoreng le leng e ea fokotseha (tšebeliso ea lipids tsa liphoofolo e lekantsoe). Mokuli o lokela ho hana tsoekere ka ho felletseng. E ka nkeloa sebaka ke li-sweeteners tsa tlhaho (mahe a linotši, sirapo ea maple, ntsa ea stevia) kapa litlatsetso tsa maiketsetso (fructose, xylitol).
Tekanyo e lekaneng ea livithamini le liminerale e tlameha ho tla, hobane li qheletsoe ka matla mmeleng khahlano le semelo sa polyuria. Ho khethoa pele lijong tse phehiloeng, tse phehiloeng, tse phehiloeng, lijana tse besitsoeng. Palo ea metsi a nooang ha ea lokela ho ba ho feta 1500 di ml ka letsatsi, letsoai - ho fihlela ho 6 g.
Haeba lefu la tsoekere le kopantsoe le nako ea ho ba le ngoana, hoa hlokahala ho fokotsa likhalase tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ho 1800 kcal. Sena se fokotsa kotsi ea mathata a ho mme le lesea. Metsi le letsoai le tlang le tsona le lokela ho ba le meeli e le ho fokotsa moroalo liphihlelong le ho thibela ho hlaha ha methapo ea methapo tsamaisong ea moroto.
Phekolo ea lijo: - bokhoni ba ho fumana puseletso ea lefu la tsoekere
Lijong tsa bana ba kulang, ho tlameha ho ba le lijo tse bobebe pakeng tsa lijo, pele ho ts'ebetso ea 'mele, ho ikoetlisa ka mefuta e fapaneng. Haeba ho se na mathata a lefu lena le tlase, "thepa" e "hahang" e lokela ho lekana le lilemo le boima ba mmele oa ngoana. Ho bohlokoa ho etsa lipalo tsa insulin ka nepo, ho tseba mokhoa oa ho ja.
Ho ikoetlisa
Ho thata haholo ho phekola lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 ntle le ho ikoetlisa ka ho lekaneng. Papali e na le litlamorao tse latelang 'meleng oa mokuli:
- e eketsa monyetla oa ho thatafala ha lisele le lisele ho ea ho hormone;
- eketsa katleho ea insulin;
- e thibela nts'etsopele ea pathology ea pelo le methapo ea mali, mohlahlobi oa pono;
- e khutlisa matšoao a khatello;
- e potlakisa ts'ebetso ea metabolic.
Basebeletsi ba tsa bophelo bo botle ba khothaletsa ho khetha papali e sa ameng haholo ts'ebetso ea pono, ts'ebetso ea moroto, pelo le maoto. E lumelletsoe ho tsamaea, ho ikoetlisa, tafoleng tennis, ho sesa, boikoetliso ba 'mele. Ka lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1, o ka etsa boikoetliso bo mafolofolo ho feta metsotso e 40 ka letsatsi.
Ho ikoetlisa ka ho lekaneng - karolo ea phekolo e rarahaneng ea endocrine pathology
Ka ho ikoetlisa kamehla, hoa hlokahala ho fokotsa tekanyetso ea insulin e tsamaisoang. Sena se tla itšireletsa kholisong ea hypoglycemia. Ntle le moo, u lokela ho lula u e-na le ntho e monate le uena. Pele le ka mor'a ho bapala lipapali, ka sebele u lokela ho lekanya tsoekere ea mali, 'me nakong ea boikoetliso ba' mele u hloka ho laola ho otla ha hau le khatello ea mali.
Phekolo ea insulin
Ho latela mofuta oa lefu lena, kalafo ea "insulin" e hlokahala hoo e ka bang 40% ea linyeoe tsohle tsa kliniki. Morero oa kalafo ena ke o latelang:
- normalization ea saccharide metabolism (khetho e ntle ke ho etsa hore tsoekere e potlakileng ea ho itima lijo le ho thibela ho eketseha ha eona haholo ka mor'a hore lijo li kene 'meleng, ka mokhoa o khotsofatsang - ho felisa lipontšo tsa kliniki);
- ts'ebetso ea phepo e nepahetseng le tlhokomelo ea matšoao a amohelehang a boima ba 'mele;
- khalemelo ea metabolism ea lipid;
- ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba mokuli;
- thibelo ea mathata a semelo sa methapo le methapo.
Lithethefatsi tse sebetsang
Hona joale, lithethefatsi tsa khetho ke insulin ea motho ea tlhaho kapa mofuta oa biosynthetic, hammoho le mefuta eohle ea litekanyetso e fumanoeng motheong oa eona. Lithethefatsi tsa sejoale-joale tse hlahisoang le ho ngolisoa li fapana ka litlamorao tsa bona: lithethefatsi tse nkang bokhuts'oanyane, tse mahareng le tse telele.
Litharollo tse nkang nako e khuts'oane li kenyelletsa Actrapid NM, Humulin-kamehla, Biosulin. Baemeli bana ba tšoauoa ka nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea phello le nako e khuts'oane ea ketso. Li fanoa ka mokhoa o sa tsamaeeng, empa haeba ho hlokahala, ente ea intramus kapa ea intravenous e khonahala.
Ho lithethefatsi tsa nako e telele li kenyelletsa Humulin-basal, Biosulin N, Protofan NM. Ketso ea bona e nka lihora tse 24, phello e ba teng lihora tse 2-2,5 kamora hore batsamaisi. Baemeli ba litokisetso tse telele - Lantus, Levemir.
Phekolo ea insulin - motheo oa kalafo ea mofuta oa 1 oa lefu lena
Mokhoa o mong oa kalafo o fanoa ke ngaka e eang. Ho latela lintlha tse latelang:
- ho ikoetlisa;
- boima ba 'mele oa mokuli;
- nako ea nts'etsopele ea hyperglycemia;
- ho ba teng ha tsoekere e phahameng ka mor'a ho ja;
- lilemo tsa mamello;
- ho ba teng hoa ketsahalo ea "mafube a hoseng."
Mekhoa ea ho phekola
Litaba tsa morao-rao kalafong ea lefu la tsoekere tse itšetlehileng ka insulin li bontša tšebeliso ea mekhoa e joalo:
- Ts'ebeliso ea lisele tsa bakoang. Ona ke mokhoa o tšepisang oo ka oona o ka rarollang mathata a methapo ea methapo ea pelo. Ntlha ea bohlokoa ke ho holisa lisele tsa sephiri tsa insulin maemong a laboratori. Mokhoa ona o sebelisoa haholo China, Jeremane, USA.
- Ho fetisoa ha mafura a brown ke tsela e ncha e fokotsang tlhoko ea 'mele ea insulin le ho khutlisetsa metabolism ea carbohydrate. Ts'ebetso e etsahala ka lebaka la khaello ea limolek'hule tsa tsoekere ke lisele tsa mafura a sootho.
- Ho thibeloa. Ho hlahisitsoe ente e khethehileng e ikemiselitseng ho sireletsa lisele tsa pancreatic hore li se ke tsa senngoa ke sesole sa 'mele. Lintho tse sebelisitsoeng li thibela ho ruruha 'meleng le ho emisa tsoelo-pele ea lefu lena.
Pheko ea 'mele
E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e sebelisitsoeng ho phekola lefu la tsoekere. Hangata, bakuli ba khethoa ke electrophoresis. Ona ke mokhoa o thehiloeng ho pepesehetse lithethefatsi tsa hajoale le tsa lithethefatsi. Khahlano le nalane ea "lefu le monate", ho sebelisoa electrophoresis ea zinc, koporo le potasiamo. Ho qhekella ho na le phello e molemo maemong a kakaretso a 'mele, ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea metabolic, ho fokotsa glycemia.
Ts'ebeliso ea physiotherapy ke mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba motho ea nang le lefu la tsoekere
Potassium electrophoresis e hlokahala ho khutlisetsa palo ea lintho tse lateloang 'meleng ka lebaka la tšilafalo ea eona e kholo ka har'a moroto. Magnesium e hlokahala molemong oa "metabolism" o tloaelehileng, tloaelehileng ea k'holeseterole le tsoekere le ntlafatso ea manyeme. Ha angiopathy ea likarolo tse tlase e sebelisoa, ho sebelisoa li-electrophoresis tse nang le sodium thiosulfate kapa novocaine, ka lebaka leo matla a utloisang bohloko a fokotsang, 'me ho ba le phello e ananelang le e khahlanong le sclerotic.
Magnetotherapy, e nang le litlamorao tsa analgesic, immunomodulating le angioprotective, e sebelisoa haholo. Inductothermy (e sebelisa matla a phahameng a makenete) ho hlokahala hore e ntlafatse mokhoa oa mali le lymph. Hyperbaric oxygenation (tšebeliso ea oksijene tlasa khatello e phahameng) eu lumella ho tlosa mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea hypoxia, ho ntlafatsa maemo a akaretsang a mokuli, fokotsa tekanyetso ea insulin le lithethefatsi tse ling tse sebelisoang, ho ntlafatsa phallo ea mali le ho hlasimolla manyeme.
Ho phekola ka litlhare tse ling ke kalafo e 'ngoe e sebetsang. Li-needle li sebelisetsoa ho phekola neuropathy. Ho hlokahala hore ho ntlafatsoe methapo ea kutlo, ho eketsa kutloelo-bohloko ea likarolo tse tlase, le ho fokotsa bohloko. Bakeng sa morero o tšoanang, ho sebelisoa acupressure, electroacupuncture le laser acupuncture.
Mokhoa o latelang ke plasmapheresis. Mokhoa ona o na le taba ea hore mali a mali a mokuli a tlosoa ebe a nkeloa sebaka ke tse ling tsa plasma. Phekolo e joalo e sebetsa khahlano le ho se sebetsane ha a hlaba le mathata a septic. Mokhoa o mong oa kalafo ke balneotherapy (o sebelisa metsi a nang le liminerale tse lokisitsoeng ka tlhaho), e leng karolo ea kalafo ea spa.
Litlhare tsa setso
Phekolo ka kalafo ea setso e lokela ho hlaha tlasa tlhokomelo ea setsebi se tšoanelehang. Ho ikoetlisa ha ho khothalelitsoe ntlheng ena. Lisebelisoa tse latelang li ratoa.
Tšebeliso ea litlhare tsa setso ke mokhoa o amohelehang oa kalafo, o hlokang ho botsoa le ngaka ea endocrinologist
Recipe nomoro ea 1
Qeto ea lipalesa tsa linden. Lintho tse tala li tšeloa ka metsi ka karolelano ea khalase ea lipalesa ka litha e le nngwe tsa metsi. Pheha metsotso e 15, 'me ka mor'a ho pholile, ho sefa le ho nka lintho tse nyane letsatsi lohle.
Recipe nomoro ea 2
Kenya kharafu ea sinamone khalase ea metsi a belang, tsitlella halofo ea hora. Ebe u hlahisa senoelo sa mahe a linotsi ebe u emela tharollo bakeng sa lihora tse ling tse 3. Nka mots'ehare ka likhahla tse nyane.
Recipe nomoro ea 3
Hoa hlokahala ho lokisa motsoako oa lehe le le leng la khōhō le halofo ea khalase ea lero la lemone. Moemeli ea joalo oa phekolo o fokotsa tsoekere ea mali hantle. Ho nkuoa hora pele ho lijo tsa hoseng.
Ka bomalimabe, ha re botsoa hore na lefu la tsoekere le ka phekoloa, meriana ea sejoale-joale e ke ke ea fana ka karabo e netefatsang. Hona le mekhoa e mecha e mengata, leha ho le joalo, boholo ba eona e ntse e le tlasa nts'etsopele. Mehato e felletseng e khethiloeng ke ngaka e eang e tla thusa ho lefella lefu lena, ho thibela nts'etsopele ea mathata le ho boloka bophelo ba mokuli bo le maemong a phahameng.
