Ho hlōloa ha methapo e meholo ea mali ho nkuoa ke lingaka e le atherosclerosis. Ho batho ba se nang lefu la pancreatic ea endocrinological, liphetoho tsa atherosulinotic li fumanoa ntle le phapang e itseng. Macroangiopathy ho lefu la tsoekere e atile haholo 'me e tsoela pele mashome a lilemo pejana. Mokhoa oa ho lemoha matšoao a kotsi e tlang? Na ho na le tsela ea ho e qoba? Lefu la vascular le phekoloa joang?
Bohlokoa ba tšimoloho ea angiopathy
Litla-morao tse mpe, ka nako e telele, phello ea lefu la tsoekere 'meleng e iponahatsa e le mofuta oa complication ea morao-rao e sa foleng - angiopathy (tšenyo ea methapo ea mali). Liponahatso tse matla tsa lefu la endocrinological li kenyelletsa maemo a tšohanyetso a nang le ho theoha ho hoholo ha tsoekere ea mali (hypoglycemia) kapa keketseho ea eona e phehellang (ketoacidosis), komisi.
Lithapo tsa mali li kena kahare ho 'mele oohle. Ka lebaka la phapang e teng lipapaling tsa bona (tse kholo le tse nyane), li-macro- le microangiopathy li khethiloe. Mabota a methapo le capillaries a bobebe ebile a masesaane, a anngoe ka ho lekana ke tsoekere e ngata.
Ho kenella ka har'a methapo ea mali, lintho tsa manyolo li etsa chefo ea lik'hemik'hale e kotsi liseleng le liseleng. Ho na le liphetoho tse bakang pherekano tšebetsong e tloaelehileng ea litho. Pele ho tsohle, macroangiopathy ho lefu la tsoekere e ama pelo, boko, maoto; microangiopathy - liphio, mahlo, maoto.
Ntle le tsoekere e ngata, methapo ea mali e senya cholesterol le lintho tse thehiloeng ka lebaka la ho tsuba ha mokuli ka boeena kapa batho ba tikolohong ea hae e haufi. Litsela tsa mali li koaheloa ke li-cholesterol plaque. Ho lefu la tsoekere, likepe li otloa ka makhetlo a mabeli (tsoekere le cholesterol). Motho ea tsubang o ipeha kotsing e 'ngoe e tharo e senyang. O kotsing ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la atherosclerosis, eseng motho ea nang le lefu la tsoekere.
Kaha e kentsoe maboteng a vascular, cholesterol e qala ho theola phallo ea mali
Khatello e phahameng ea mali (BP) e boetse e baka tšenyo lithong tse ka hare ho sekepe (aorta, methapong). Ho na le likheo lipakeng tsa lisele, mabota a e-ba a lumelloang, le ho tsepamisa maikutlo a mefuta ea tšoaetso. Ntle le li-cholesterol plaque, mabala a fora marakong a amehang. Li-neoplasms li ka thibela karolo ea lumen ka sekepeng esita le ho e thibela ka ho felletseng. Ho na le mofuta o ikhethileng oa ho otloa ke lefu la hemorrhagic kapa hemorrhage.
Lefu la tsoekere la macroangiopathy kapa ho fokotsa likepe tse kholo ke ts'oaetso ea lefu la 2. E le molao, mokuli o lilemo tse fetang 40 mme liphetoho tsa tlhaho tsamaisong ea methapo ea methapo li fetisoa ka lebaka la mathata a lefu la tsoekere. Ho ke ke ha khoneha ho fetolela mokhoa o sebetsang ka lehlakoreng le leng, empa ho etsoa ha lisele tsa letlalo ho ka emisoa.
Karolo ea ntlha e 'ngoe e lebisang ho nts'etsopele ea mefuta ena ka bobeli ea li-angiopathies ha e hlakile ka ho lekana - ponelopele ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ho mafu a pelo le pelo.
Matšoao a macroangiopathy
Bakuli ba nang le atherosclerosis ba shebahala ba le baholo ho feta lilemo tsa bona, ba na le boima ba 'mele. Li na le matšoao a maputsoa a 'mala oa lamunu ka har'a lihlaha le eyelone - li-amana tsa cholesterol. Ho bakuli, pulsation ea methapo ea botšehali le ea popliteal e fokotsoa, ho ba sieo ho felletseng, bohloko mesifa ea namane e hlaha ha ho tsamaea le kamora nako e itseng kamora ho emisa. Boloetse bona bo tsamaisana le claudication ea nakoana. E le ho etsa tlhahlobo e nepahetseng, litsebi li sebelisa mokhoa oa angiography.
Mehato e latelang e khethollotsoe nts'etsopele ea macro- le microangiopathy ea libaka tse tlase:
- preclinical;
- sebetsa;
- manyolo
- ulcerative necrotic;
- makhopho.
Mohato oa pele o boetse o bitsoa asymptomatic kapa metabolic, hobane esita le ho latela data ea liteko tse sebetsang, tlolo ea molao ha e bonoe. Mohato oa bobeli o na le matšoao a matla a kliniki. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea kalafo, mathata a nang le eona a ntse a ka fetoha.
Boemong ba manyolo le liphetoho tse tlang hamorao li se li sa fetohe
Ho fokotsoa ha sekhahla sa mali se fepang setho se itseng ho isa ho ischemia (anemia ea lehae). Liketsahalo tse joalo li atisa ho bonoa sebakeng sa pelo. Ho sithabela ha methapo ea kutlo ho etsang hore motho a hlaseloe ke lefu la angina. Bakuli ba hlokomela bohloko bo ka morao ho mokokotlo, pherekano ea morethetho oa pelo.
Ho phatloha ka tšohanyetso ha sekepe sa pelo ho sitisa phepo e nepahetseng. Tissue necrosis e etsahala (necrosis ea sebaka sa setho) le infraction ea myocardial. Batho ba nang le eona ba tšoeroe ke lefu la pelo. Ho buoa ka bypass ho ka ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo ba bakuli ba nang le lefu la methapo ea methapo.
Atherosclerosis ea methapo ea kelello e tsamaisana le ho tsekela, bohloko, ho senyeha hoa mohopolo. Leqeba le hlaha ha ho e-na le tlolo ea phepelo ea mali bokong. Haeba kamora ho "otla" motho a phela, joale ho ba le litlamorao tse mpe (tahlehelo ea puo, lits'ebetso tsa makoloi). Atherosclerosis e ka baka lefu la ischemic ha phallo ea mali e isang bokong e khathatsoa ka lebaka la cholesterol e phahameng.
Phekolo ea mantlha ea angiopathy
Liphetoho ke litla-morao tsa mmele o senyehileng. Phekolo e reretsoe ho sebelisa litlhare tse tloaelehileng mefuta e fapaneng ea "metabolism" e amanang le lefu la tsoekere.
Mathata a morao-rao a lefu la tsoekere- lik'habohaedreite (insulin, acarbose, biguanides, sulfonylureas tse 'maloa);
- mafura (lithethefatsi tse fokotsang lipid);
- protheine (lihormone tsa anabidone tsa steroid);
- -electrolyte ea metsi (hemodeis, reopoliglyukin, potasiamo, calcium, litokisetso tsa magnesium).
Khafetsa, letšoao la cholesterol le ntseng le eketseha le bonoa ho mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la 2 lefu la tsoekere, ho eketsa boima ba 'mele. E hlahlojoa habeli ka selemo. Haeba liteko tsa mali li phahame ho feta tse tloaelehileng, hoa hlokahala:
- khetlo la pele, ho thatafatsa lijo tsa mokuli (ntle le mafura a liphoofolo, ho fokotsa lik'habohaedreite tse bonolo ho isa ho 50 g ka letsatsi, lumella oli ea meroho ho 30 ml, lihlapi, meroho le litholoana);
- ka bobeli, sebelisa meriana (Zokor, Mevacor, Leskol, Lipantil 200M).
Ho potoloha ha mali ka har'a lijana tse poteletseng ho ntlafatsoa ke li-angioprotectors. Tumellanong le kalafo e ka sehloohong, li-endocrinologists li khothaletsa tšebeliso ea livithamini tsa B (thiamine, pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin).
E boetse e hlokahala:
- normalization ea khatello ea mali le lithethefatsi (Envas, Enalopril, Arifon, Renitek, Corinfar);
- ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele butle-butle;
- ho lahla temallo ea ho tsuba le joala;
- phokotso ea ho ja letsoai;
- Ho qoba maemo a khatello a nako e telele.
E le mokhoa oa ho phekola kalafo ea methapo ea methapo, litsebi tsa endocrinologists li khothalelitse tšebeliso ea mekhoa e meng ea kalafo. Bakeng sa morero ona, ho sebelisoa litlhare tsa litlama (makhapetla a buckthorn, litafole tsa poone tse nang le stigmas, metso ea kholo e kholo ea litholoana, litholoana tsa ho jala lihoete, joang bo botala).
Mathata a amanang le lefu la tsoekere a kula a feta likhoeli, lilemo le mashome a lilemo. United States, Dr. Joslin Foundation e thehile khau e khethehileng. Lefu la tsoekere le hapileng, le atlehileng ho phela lilemo tse 30 ntle le mathata, ho kenyeletsa angiopathy, le fuoa moputso o le mong oa lebitso. Thapo e bontša taolo ea boleng ba lefu lena la lilemo.
