Ts'ebetso ea ho hlohlona le ho monya limatlafatsi tse tsoang lijong e etsahala ka lebaka la lero la pancreatic le hlahisoang ke makhopho a tsoang ka mpeng. Secretion ea pancreatic e na le li-enzyme tse etsang karolo ea bohlokoa ho tšiloeng ha lijo.
Mochine oa tlhahiso, mefuta le mesebetsi
Makhopho ke karolo ea secretion e tsoakiloeng, hobane ha e hlahise li-enzyme feela tsa ho ja, empa le lihormone - insulin, glucagon le lipocaine. Insulin le glucagon li laola metabolism ea carbohydrate, 'me ntho e kang li-lipocaine e nang le hormone e ikarabella bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa biochemical ka har'a sebete. Lihormone li teng le lero la pancreatic hape li tšehetsa tšilo e tloaelehileng ka popelong e nyane.
Ha komisi ea lijo e kena duodenum ea manyeme, ho fetisetsoa tšusumetso ho eona ebe e arabela ka ho ntša sekhahla se hlokahalang sa pancreatic. E na le enzymes tsa pancreatic ka sebopeho se sa sebetseng - li-proenzymes.
Letsoala leo lero la pancreatic le kenang ka har'a duodenum 12 le bitsoa Virsungieva duct 'me le haufi le bolelele bohle ba tšoelesa. E phethela ka morao ho manyeme ka sphincter ea Oddi. Ho batho ba bangata, duct ea Virsungiev e hokahana le duct e tloaelehileng ea bile, e kenella ka hara duodenum.
Letšoele la nyooko le kopana le lijo tse kenang ka ho lokolloa ha bile, le kopanang le seseng se tloaelehileng le lero la pancreatic. Kamora sena, ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme tsa ho sebetsana le mafura, liprotheine le lik'habohaedreite lia qala. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea lintho tsa enzymatic, lik'habohaedreite tse rarahaneng li theohela ho tsoekere, liprotheine ho amino acid, mafura ho mafura acid le glycerol.
Li-enzyme tsa "pancreatic" li etsa mosebetsi o mongata ho feta tekong ea lijo. Lijo tse hlahisoang ke li-enzyme li kena ka mpeng e nyane, moo limatlafatsi li kenang marakong a mala ho e isa maling, li a isa litho le lisele tsa 'mele.
Kaha li-enzyme tse hlahisoang ke mosebetsi oa manyeme moo ts'ebetso ea tšilo ea lijo e leng matla haholo, likhathatso leha e le life tse teng ka har'a setho li ama boiketlo ba motho. Ho na le mathata ka mala, (stool e holofetseng), ho na le lipontšo tsa dyspeptic - flatulence, bloating le nausea. Ka lebaka la khaello ea li-enzymes tsa pancreatic, lihlahisoa tse 'maloa ha li nkuoe,' me ho hlaha pancreatitis.
Protease
Ho na le mefuta ea mantlha e 3 ea li-enzymes - amylase, lipase le proteinase. Li-amylase li heletsa starch le lik'habohaedreite, mosebetsi oa lipase ke hydrolysis ea mafura, 'me protheine ke eona e ikarabellang ho phatloheng ha protheine.
Sehlopha sa liprotheine se kenyelletsa li-exopeptidases, tse theolang litlamo tsa peptide tsa kantle ho liprotheine le li-peptide, le li-endopeptidase, tse ikarabellang bakeng sa hydrolysis ea li-protein tsa peptide tse kahare. Exopeptidases e kenyelletsa carboxypeptidase A le B, li-enzyme tsa protheine tse roba litlamo tsa peptide mme ke karolo ea secretion ea pancreatic.
Li-endopeptidase ke pepsin, gastricin le chymosin, tse bolokiloeng ke mucosa ea gastric, le pancreatic proenzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin le elastase. Li-enzymes tsa Gastric li senya limolek'hule tsa protheine ka matla, li kenya matla acid e nang le hydrochloric acid ho fihlela 95%.
Ka mor'a moo, li-enzymes tsa "pancreatic" li kenyelletsoa mosebetsing, ka ho eketsehileng li senya liprotheine tse ka mpeng. Taba ea pele, trypsin, chymotrypsin le elastase li hlakola limolek'hule tse kholo tsa protheine ho tse nyane - li-peptide. Ebe, tlasa ts'ebetso ea carboxypeptidase, li-peptide li hydrolyzed ho amino acid tse ananelang ke lebota la mala.
Pancreatic lero le na le mefuta e 6 ea protheine, e fapaneng ka sebopeho sa setsi se sebetsang:
- serine;
- threonine;
- cysteine;
- aspartyl;
- metalloprotease;
- glutamine.
Ho lokela ho hopoloa hore liprotheine ke karolo ea lithethefatsi tse ngata tse nang le enzymes tse sebelisetsoang ho khutlisetsa ts'ebetso ea pancreatic le ho tlosa matšoao a fosahetseng.
Amylase
Li-encyme tsa amylolytic pancreatic li senya lijo tse nang le sesepa ho li-tsoekere tse bonolo tse bitsoang oligosaccharides. Ke leboha Amylase hore tšobotsi ea hae e monate kamora tatso e hlahella kamora ho ja lijo tse feshene - mohlala, raese kapa litapole. Enzyme ena e teng le matheong, tlasa ts'usumetso eo ts'ebetso ea tšilo ea lijo e qalang.
Kahare ea molomo, starch e robehile ho dextrin, 'me dextrin le maltose li etsoa ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea li-polysaccharides ka lero la gastric. Mohato oa ho qetela ke ho qaqisoa ha lik'habohaedreite ho duodenum 12 ho glucose le fructose tlasa ketso ea Y-amylase.
Li-enzymes tsa Amylolytic li kenyelletsa lactase, e theohang lactose (tsoekere ea lebese) e fumanehang lihlahisoa tsa lebese.
Khaello ea enzyme ea amylase e ka bontša nts'etsopele ea li-pathologies tse 'maloa: pancreatitis, mumps (mumps), lefu la tsoekere le manyemane a makhopho.
Lipase
Li-enzymes tsa lipolytic li sebetsa e le sesosa sa lipid hydrolysis le ho senya mafura a fumanoeng 'meleng. Lipase e kenngoe kahare ka mpeng ebe e theola lijo tse mafura ho glycerin le mafura a mangata. Enzyme ena e arotsoe likarolo tsa hydrophilic le hydrophobic tse sebetsang feela sebakeng se nang le mafura a metsi. Ka hona, ntho ea pele e hlokahalang bakeng sa tšilo ea mafura ke ho aroloa ha bona ka likotoana tsa bile - ka hona sebaka seo ho kopanngoang le lipase se eketsehang.
Tekanyo e ntseng e eketseha ea lipase tlhahlobong ea mali e bonoa bakeng sa methapo e fapaneng ea methapo ea ka mpeng le liphio, mafu a metabolic (lefu la tsoekere, lefu la ho nyefala ha mmele, botenya), peritonitis le 'metso. Maemong a mang, index ea lipase e eketseha ka lebaka la kalafo ea nako e telele le barbiturates, analcics ea narcotic, Heparin le Indomethacin.
Haeba ho se na lipase e lekaneng 'meleng, joale sesosa e ka ba ho fokotseha ha mosebetsi oa pancreatic, cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis), nts'etsopele ea neoplasms e mpe nthong efe kapa efe ntle le manyeme. Ka linako tse ling tekanyo e tlaase ea lipase e bakoa ke lijo tse se nang moeli tse nang le lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata.
Ho tseba ka matšoao le matšoao a ts'ebetso ea "procrine" e fokotsehileng
Bakeng sa ho fumana hore na li-pancreas ha li hlahise li-enzyme tse ngata hakae, ho etsoa liteko tsa laboratori. Ho latela sephetho sa liteko tsa mali, moroto le makhopho, lithuto tsa bohlokoa, hape ho nahanela matšoao a teng, litokisetso tsa enzyme li ka fanoa.
Litaba tsa enzyme li tjena:
- mali: amylase - 29-99, lipase - 22-66, trypsin - 19.7 - 30.3 mg / l;
- serum ea mali: elastase - 01 - 4 ng / ml;
- urine: amylase (diastase) - max 100 li-unit / l;
- coprogram: elastase - ho tloha ho 200 mcg / g.
Li-enzymes tsa "pancreatic" li hlahisoa liseleng tsa manyeme tsa manyeme, joale ka li-tubules tse nyane ba kenella ka har'a li-ducts tse kholo tse bōpileng duct ea mantlha - Virsungs
Khaello ea li-enzymes tsa pancreatic e lebisa ho tlolo e tebileng ea ts'ebetso ea tšilo ea lijo le 'mele ka kakaretso. Tabeng ea tlhahiso e ngata ea li-enzyme, ho fumanoa ho ruruha ho hoholo hoa manyeme - pancreatitis. Ho fokotsa mokokotlo oa li-enzyme ho bolela phetoho ea lefu lena ka mokhoa o sa foleng.
Lisosa tse latelang li ka lebisa ho liphetoho le ho senyeha mokhoeng oa pancreas le phetoho ea lisele tsa glandular tse nang le lithane tsa fibrous:
- ho tšebelisa le ho hlekefetsa lijo tse mafura, lino tse tahang;
- ho ba teng ha neoplasms - cysts, tumors (bobeli bo bong le tse mpe), fibrosis;
- pathology ea duodenum le biliary pampiri;
- ho buuoa ka pancreatic.
Ka khaello ea li-enzyme, lipontšo tse 'maloa tse hlahang:
Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba makhopho- polyfecal (palo e kholo ea makhopho a tlotsitsoeng);
- joalo ka porese, litulo tse otlolohileng tsa 'mala o moputsoa o nang le bosoeu, mafura a mafura le monko o seng monate;
- ho ba teng ha likotoana tsa lijo tse sa fetisoang ka har'a furu;
- ho ikutloa u tletse ka mpeng le ho nyekeloa ke pelo;
- tatso e mpe molomong;
- takatso e fokotsehileng;
- flatulence, e bohale ka mpeng;
- ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele, khaello ea mali, bofokoli, ho hloka boroko le hlooho e bohloko;
- bohloko ba ka mpeng ka mor'a ho ja;
- ho se mamelle lijo tse mafura le tse nokiloeng ka bongata.
Kaha syntase ea lipase e hlile e fokotsehile, lefu la tsoalo ke e 'ngoe ea pele - e ba viscous kapa metsi-semi. Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore matšoao a batla a tšoana hantle le li-enzyme tse ngata, hape a na le khaello. Leha ho le joalo, maemong a tlhahiso e fetelletseng ea li-enzyme, mocheso oa 'mele o ka eketseha,' me lefu la bohloko la eba le bohale, la bitsoa.
Ho tlola tšebetso ea "procrine" ea manyeme ho hloka kalafo e tlamang, kaha ho ka lebisa nts'etsopele ea maloetse a matla a kang pancreatic necrosis, ulceritis, hepatitis le cirrhosis
Lithethefatsi tse nang le enzyme
Li-Enzymes tsa manyeme li fanoa ho latela sephetho sa tlhahlobo le ho latela matšoao a teng. Tekanyetso le litekanyetso tsa litekanyetso li latela lilemo tsa mokuli le boima ba lona, le mofuta oa lefu lena. Ho kalafo ea ho emisa enzyme, ho sebelisoa meriana e kenyelletsang lipase, amylase le trypsin. Sena ke, pele ho tsohle, Pancreatin le tse tsoang ho eona - Creon, Mezim Forte, Pangrol, Panzitrat, jj.
Hangata, lingaka li khothaletsa ho nka Creon, kaha e ananeloa hamolemo ebile e na le melemo ea bohlokoa. Creon ha e fumanehe matlapeng, empa ka har'a likhase tse nang le ts'ireletso e habeli. K'hasete e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le li-microspheres tse ngata, tse sa senyeheng tlas'a tšusumetso e mabifi ea hydrochloric acid ea ka mpeng mme e fihle moo e eang teng - ka mala. Ntle le moo, sebopeho sa Creon se kenyelletsa dimethicone, e fokotsang sebopeho sa khase.
Lithethefatsi tse 'maloa li na le motsoako o kopaneng, o tlatselletsoang ka likarolo tsa bile. Li etselitsoe mafu a kopaneng a sebete le senya. Lithethefatsi tse kopaneng li kenyelletsa Festal, Digestal, Kotazim Forte, Enzistal.
Unienzyme e thehiloeng ho semela sa enzyme ea semela e phahamisa tšilo ea liprotheine tse ngata, mafura le lik'habohaedreite, e na le monko o matla, o matlafatsang le o hatellang.
Ho pancreatitis e hlobaetsang, li-enzyme tse thibelang tšebetso ea manyeme - Somatostatin, Contrical, Ingitrile, Glucagon, Gordox, jj.
Maemong a liphoso tsa phepo e nepahetseng kapa matšoao a bonolo a pancreatitis, li-enzyme tsa semela li ka sebelisoa - mohlala, Oraza, Pepfiz, Unienzyme, Wobenzym, Solizim, Abomin.
Melemo ea lijo
Ho fumana phello e phahameng ea kalafo le li-enzyme, o hloka lijo tse nepahetseng. E ipapisitse le melao-motheo ea phepo ea 5, e potlakisang ho hlaphoheloa haholo:
- karo-karolelano - palo ea lijo ka letsatsi ha e ka tlase ho 5;
- boima ba e sebeletsang e le 'ngoe ha ea lokela ho feta 200 g .;
- lijana tsohle li besitsoe, ka ontong kapa tse phehiloeng;
- mocheso oa lijo - hoo e ka bang 35-40 °;
- mafura, a halikiloeng, joala bo thibetsoe.
Ho khothalletsoa hore ho sebelisoe nama ea furu le tlhapi ea mefuta e nang le mafura a tlase, mahe a khoho, li-buckwheat, oatmeal, liapole, libanana le chisi e nyane.
Ho khutlisetsa ts'ebetso ea pancreatic ka ho hlophisoa ha enzyme, ho hlokahala tlhahlobo. Ho latela sephetho sa mokuli ka mong, ho khethoa mofuta oa kalafo le litekanyetso tsa lithethefatsi.
