Cholesterol e phahameng e ama bophelo bo botle. Ho e fokotsa, lihlopha tsa lithethefatsi tse thathamisang metabolism ea lipid li etselitsoe.
Li ngotsoe ho latela mofuta oa lefu le litšobotsi tsa 'mele tse sebetsang.
Lihlopha le sehlopha
K'holeseterole e ngata e bolokiloe 'meleng ebe e beoa maboteng a methapo ea mali.
Hangata hona ho lebisa ho lefu la pelo, methapo ea pelo le lichapo. Ho sebelisoa meriana e fapa-fapaneng ho fokotsa boemo ba mafura a manyolo.
Lenane lena le kenyeletsa:
- Statins ke li-block tsa enzyme tse kenyang letsoho tlhahiso ea k'holeseterole.
- Niacin - fokotsa LDL, fokotsa kotsi ea likhahla tsa mali.
- Meriana e liehisang ho monya - ho emisa ho kenngoa ha k'holeseterole ka popelong, ho tsoa ha eona maling.
- Li-acid tsa Fibroic ke lithethefatsi ho theola triglycerides ea mali.
- Li -ququrant tsa bile acid - tlosa lera le feteletseng 'meleng.
Pheko e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le litšobotsi tsa eona, li-contraindication le litlamorao mme e behiloe ho latela nalane ea mokuli le paramethara ea tlhahlobo.
Boemo, thepa ea bona le likarolo tsa ts'ebeliso
Statins ke meriana e fokotsang cholesterol. Ketso ea bona e ikemiselitse ho thibela enzyme, e qholotsang sebopeho le nts'etsopele ea LDL (cholesterol e mpe).
Statins e emeloa ke meloko e mene, ea bobeli e nkoang e sebetsa ka ho fetisisa. Lebitso la bongaka ke HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
Sebeteng, ho fokotseha butle-butle ka har'a mofuta oa k'holeseterole, 'me maling, ho fokotseha ha eona.
Sehlopha sa lithethefatsi se tloaela boleng ba mali, se ntlafatsa boemo ba methapo ea mali, se thibela li-thrombosis le li-atherosselotic plaque. Ha u nka li-statins, ho ka ba le ho fokotseha hanyane hoa maemo a tsoekere. Ketso ea mantlha ke ho thibela tlhahiso ea li-enzyme tsa sebete.
Ka ts'ebeliso e hlophisehileng ea li-statins, ho na le ho fokotseha ha cholesterol ka karolelano ea 40%. E sebelisoa ho thibela stroke le pelo. E sebelisoa bakeng sa hypercholesterolemia, atherosulinosis, lefu la pelo. Statins e na le tšusumetso ho sebete.
Ha o phekola ka lithethefatsi, biochemistry ea mali e hlahlojoa.
Video e tsoang ho Dr. Malysheva mabapi le li-statins:
Har'a lintho tse bohloko tse bonahatsoang:
- ho opeloa ke hlooho, ho hlobaela;
- ho hlaseloa ke letlalo ho kulang;
- libido e fokotsehile;
- mesifa ea mokokotlo le bohloko;
- ho tsepamisa kelello le tahlehelo ea kelello;
- mathata a ka mpeng;
- thrombocytopenia;
- tlolo ea sebete;
- myopathy.
Contraindication bakeng sa ts'ebeliso:
- ho se sebetse ha sebete;
- boimana
- ho se sebetse ha liphio;
- lilemo ho isa ho lilemo tse 18;
- ho anyesa;
- mamello ho likarolo tsa moriana.
Statins e emeloa ke mekhoa e latelang: Zokor, Lipostat, Rovakor (1st moloko), Leskol (moloko oa 2), Atoris, Tulip, Lipobay (moloko oa 3), Rosuvastin, Krestor, Akorta (meriana ea moloko o mocha).
Fibroic asiti
Lits'oaetso tsa li-acrole tsa fibroic - sehlopha sa lithethefatsi tse etselitsoeng ho lokisa metabolism ea lipid. Ba lula mohatong oa bobeli oa ho sebetsa hantle le ho tuma kamora li-statins.
Lithethefatsi tsa pele sehlopheng sena e ne e le clifibrate. Kajeno, linaha tse ngata ha li e sebelise ka lebaka la chefo ea eona e phahameng le litlamorao tsa eona. Kamora moo, Bezafibrate, Cyprofibrate le Fenofibrate ba ile ba qala ho sebelisoa.
Qeto ea ho qetela ke eona e molemohali. Ba boetse ba khona ho laola tsoekere ea mali, litekanyetso tse tlase tsa uric acid. Sena ke 'nete haholo ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le gout ka nako e le' ngoe.
Phello e ka sehloohong ea li-acid ke hore ba fetola sebopeho sa metabolism ea lipid. Motsoako o sebetsang o theola LDL, o eketsa HDL, hape o fokotsa metabolism ea lipid.
E matlafatsa marako a methapo ea mali, e eketsa elasticity, e thibela sebopeho sa li-plaque. E thibela tlhaho ea mali. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea li-fibrate, motsoako oa triglycerides oa fokotseha, ho petsoha le ho sitisa kholo ea LDL ho potlakisitsoe. Ho nka meriana ho fokotsa likotsi tsa lefu la pelo. Sehlopha sa lithethefatsi se na le phello e molemo ho boemo ba tsamaiso ea methapo ea pelo.
Matšoao a sebelisoang ke:
- lefu la tsoekere le dyslipidemia;
- k'holeseterole e phahameng (ka har'a mofuta oa phekolo);
- palo e phahameng ea li-triglycerides;
- ho se leka-lekane ha lipid;
- gout
- botenya
- metabolic syndrome.
Ho lokela ho nkuoa tlhokomeliso ka ho kopanya li-fibrate le meriana e meng. Sena se ka eketsa litlamorao tse mpe ho liphio le sebete.
Har'a litla-morao tse bonoang:
- mathata a ka mpeng;
- mosebetsi o sa sebetseng oa renal;
- hlooho e bohloko
- karabelo ea mmele o mong le o mong;
- ho eketseha ha li-indices tsa hepatic;
- tlolo ea sebete;
- mathata a methapo.
Li-contraindication tse ka sehloohong bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea li-fibrate:
- ho se sebetse ha sebete;
- ho ima le ho nyekeloa ke mpa;
- ho hloleha ha rems;
- bokhoba ba joala;
- cirrhosis ea sebete;
- kholofalo cholecystitis;
- lilemo ho isa ho lilemo tse 18;
- cholelithiasis.
Mekhoa ea litlhare e hlokolosi haholo e lokela ho sebelisoa ke batho ba baholo.
Li -ququitors tsa bile acid
Le
li-acider tsa bile acid - sehlopha sa meriana e amanang le lithethefatsi tse fokotsang lipid. Ke lithethefatsi tse tlatsetsang ho theola cholesterol e phahameng ea mali.
Phello e ka sehloohong ke ho kopantsoe ha acid e nang le acid e latelang, khatello ea tlhahiso ea k'holeseterole. Ntho e sebetsang e tlama acid le ho e khetholla.
Ho amoheloa ka morao ea bile ho thibetsoe. Tsela ea HDL e fanoa, 'me LDL e ntšoa maling. Ho ekelletsa moo, hemoglobin le glucose ea glycosylated e fokotseha ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la tsoekere.
Moriana ha e kenngoe tsamaisong ea methapo, e tšeloa ka mpeng. Ntlheng ena, nts'etsopele ea litla-morao e fokotsoa hanyane. Ketsahalo e mpe e atileng haholo e bonoa ho tsoa mokhatlong oa mpa - ho sithabela, ho phahla, ho sokela le ho thunya, phetoho ea tatso.
Khatellong e phahameng, li-sequestrants li ka fokotsa ho monya ha li-vithamine B6 le livithamini tse sa qhibilihang ka mafura D, A, K, E. Ho na le menyetla ea ho tsoa mali nakong ea kalafo ka lithethefatsi tse tsoang ho li-membrane tsa mucous tse senyehileng, ha likhohlano tsa mali li fokotseha.
Nakong ea kalafo ea FFA, k'holeseterole e mpe e chekoa ho fihla ho 45%, mmuso oa lipid complex o ntlafala ka 20%. Ho sebelisoa ha nako e telele ho eketsa boemo ba cholesterol e nang le molemo. Hypocholesterolemic athari e fihlelloa ka kakaretso kamora khoeli ea tsamaiso. Nakong ea lithuto, phello e ntle ea FFA ho mafu a pelo le mathata a tsona e ile ea khethoa.
Mabitso a lithethefatsi: Colestipol, Cholestyramine.
Matšoao a sebeliso:
- lefu la pelo;
- Lefu la pelo ea Ischemic;
- dyslipidemia;
- atherosulinosis;
- hypercholesterolemia;
- mathata a coronary.
Ka tlhokomeliso, matlapa a nkuoa bakeng sa ho monya ka mpeng, cholelithiasis.
Contraindication FFA e kenyelletsa:
- phenylketonuria;
- hypersensitivity reaction;
- hypertriglyceridemia;
- biliary pampitšana ea tšitiso;
- seso sa ka mpeng;
- lefu la ho tsoa mali;
- ho rupella ho sa feleng;
- tšitiso ea billiard;
- hyperlipoproteinemia ea mefuta ea III le IV.
Lithethefatsi li ama ho kenella ka mpeng. Ho ja ka nepo ke hora kapa lihora tse 4 ka mor'a lijo. Pele e boletsoe ka tekanyetso e nyane, ebe butle-butle tekanyetso e eketseha. Morero o joalo o fokotsa kholo ea litla-morao.
Li -quququice tsa FAqu li ama ho amoheloa ha lithethefatsi tse ngata. Tsena li kenyelletsa lithibela-mafu tsa penicillin, diuretics, adrenergic blockers. Ts'ebetsong ea kalafo ea nako e telele, biochemistry ea mali e fuoa ho lekola matšoao.
Se bolela se thibelang ho kenngoa ha k'holeseterole ka popelong
Meriana e thibelang ho kenngoa ha k'holeseterole ka mala ho fokotsa ho monya mali ho fokotsa khatello ea mali maling.
Sehlopha se hlahisitsoeng sa lithethefatsi se kenyeletsa Lipobon, Ezetrol, Tribusponin, Guarem. Ha li kenngoe maling, li kopantsoe hantle le lithethefatsi tse ling, ho fapana le FFA ha e eketse secretion ea bile acid.
Ka lebaka leo, kamora matsatsi a 14 a ho sebelisa meriana ena, ho amoha cholesterol ho fokotsehile ka 50%. Ts'ebeliso e tšoanang ea lijo ha e ame likotsi tsa lithethefatsi tsa sehlopha se hlahisitsoeng. Ts'ebetsong ea ho nka boemo ba cholesterol e fokotsehile ho 20%.
Matšoao a sebeliso:
- homozygous Familyal hypercholesterolemia;
- hypercholesterolemia ea mantlha;
- ho se sebetse hantle ha statin monotherapy;
- homozygous sitosterolemia.
E sebelisoa hammoho le kalafo ea ho ja, ho sa sebetse letho, li kopantsoe le li-statins. Khafetsa khalemelo ea lipid e sebelisoa Essentiale, Lipostabil.
Har'a lintho tse khahlanong le tšebeliso:
- ho hloleha ha sebete;
- ho hloka mamello kapa ho haella ha lactose;
- hypersensitivity reaction;
- lilemo li ka tlase ho lilemo tse 18;
- ts'ebeliso e le 'ngoe ka li-fibrate.
Har'a litla-morao tse boletsoeng:
- bloating;
- botumo;
- mathata a mokokotlo (ho sokela le lets'ollo);
- ho se sebetse hantle ha sebete;
- mokhathala
- hlooho e bohloko.
Nicotinic acid
Nicotinic acid ke vithamine e qhibilihang ka metsing e hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea 'mele. Phello ea kalafo: ho theola cholesterol le likaroloana tsa lipid, vasodilation.
E thibela nts'etsopele ea maloetse a pelo, e na le detoxifying le khutso.
Ha e kenngoa, asiti ea nicotinic e fetoha nicotinamide e sebetsang. O kenya letsoho lits'ebetsong tsa metabolic tsa livithamini, mekhoa ea maiketsetso, ho phefumoloha ha mesifa.
Sena se ntlafatsa li-microcirculation, se etsa hore lipoproteine li be le matla, li theole LDL le triglycerides, 'me e eketsa HDL. E tšeloa ka har'a sebete, e ntlafalitsoeng ke liphio. Tlhokahalo ea tlhase ea ntho ena e fihlelloa kamora metsotso e 45.
Lethathamo la lithethefatsi: Enduracin, Niceritrol, Acipimox. Litokisetso tsa acid ea Nicotinic li theko e tlaase ebile li theko e tlase ho ba bangata.
Matšoao a sebeliso:
- mohato oa pele oa hyperlipidemia;
- kotsi ea methapo ea methapo;
- khaello ea vithamine PP;
- khatello ea nako e telele;
- atherosulinosis;
- nakong ea ho hlaphoheloa kamora ho hlaseloa ke pelo le stroke;
- microagniopathy;
- atherosclerotic cardiosulinosis;
- liso tse ka mpeng ea mucous le letlalo;
- angina pectoris;
- methapo ea kutlo ea sefahleho;
- spasms ea lijana tsa maoto;
- lefu la tsoekere la polyneuropathy;
- enterocolitis, colitis, gastritis.
Contraindication bakeng sa ts'ebeliso:
- hypersensitivity ho ntho;
- ulceric ulcer ea mala (exacerbation);
- dilemo tse ka tlase ho 2.
Ka hloko, moriana o nooa ke batho ba nang le bothata ba sebete, glaucoma, gout.
Litla-morao nakong ea tsamaiso:
- ho kenella ka mafura a sebete ho bonoa ha ho nooa moriana ka tekanyetso e phahameng;
- hypotension;
- matšoao a letlalo la allergic;
- secretion e eketsehileng ea lero la gastric;
- ho mamella mamello ea tsoekere;
- ho halefisoa ha mucosa ea gastric;
- tlolo ea sebete;
- hyperemia ea letlalo;
- kotsi ea ho ba le myopathy ha e kopantsoe le li-statins.
Mekhoa e meng
Ntle le khalemelo ea lithethefatsi, ho na le mekhoa e meng e sebetsang le e ntle haholo ea ho theola cholesterol. Tsena li kenyelletsa bophelo bo nepahetseng le phepo e nepahetseng. Li sebelisoa ka keketseho e nyane ea cholesterol - ho fihlela 18% ea tloaelo.
Mehato e tšoanang ea thibelo e kenyelletsa:
- ho kenyelletsoa ha lijo tse kotsi lijong;
- ho ikoetlisa, khatello ea maikutlo, ho ikoetlisa;
- ho ja lijo tse theolang cholesterol.
Ho fokotsa LDL, ho eketsoa lijo le livithamine tse ngata haholo. Kantle ho mafura, lijo tse halikiloeng le tse mafura, lijo tse ka makotikoting, lijana tse nang le k'holeseterole e mpe. Fibre e fumaneha ka bongata bojong-mabakeng a lijo-thollo, lijo-thollo, linaoa, meroho le litholoana.
Ho bohlokoa ho ja lijo tse ka tlhaho li fokolisang cholesterol e mpe. Tsena ke li-avocados, poone, mohloaare le oli ea soneblomo. Li-acid tse mafura a oli ea litlhapi li etsisoa ka tlhaho. Ts'ebeliso e hlophisehileng ea lihlahisoa tsena e ka fokotsa LDL ka karolelano ea 10%. Ts'ebeliso ea li-vithamine tsa lipoic acid le B le eona e na le phello e ntle ho matšoao.
Lintho tse hlahisoang ke video ho ja ho theola cholesterol:
Lithethefatsi tse fokotsang k'holeseterole li na le likarolo tse 'maloa. Li ngotsoe ka thata le ka monotherapy, li bonts'a thepa e ntle ha e sebelisoa hantle. Morero oa moriana ka mong o lokela ho nepahala.
