Glucose ke monosaccharide, eo karolo ea eona e ka sehloohong mesebetsing eohle ea matla 'meleng oa motho. Phetoho ea lipontšo tsa eona ea bongata, e lebisang ho li-pathologies tse fapaneng ho tloha lehlakoreng la litho tsa bohlokoa le metabolism, e nkoa e le lefu. Mehatong ea pele, hypo- le hyperglycemia li kanna tsa se be le lipontšo, ho bolelang hore tlhahlobo ea mali bakeng sa tsoekere e tla thusa ho fumana boemo. Hobaneng ha ho hlokahala tlhatlhobo e joalo, mokhoa oa ho itukisetsa hantle ho tsamaisa boitsebiso le likarolo tsa mokhabiso.
Matšoao a ho tsebahatsa lefu lena
Ngaka e tla fana ka tlhahlobo ea tsoekere haeba mokuli a e-na le litletlebo tse latelang:
- ho senyeha ha pono;
- ho fokotsa ts'ebetso le mokhathala o sa feleng;
- lenyora la pathological;
- mucosa e ommeng ea molomo;
- tahlehelo e matla ea 'mele;
- tšenyo e telele ea ho folisa, maqeba, makhopho;
- ho hlohlona le ho oma hoa letlalo;
- moroto o mong o eketsehile.
Matšoao a ka holimo ke matšoao a lefu la tsoekere - lefu le atileng haholo le amanang le liphetoho maemong a tsoekere ea mali.
Ho khetholla lipalo tsa mali ke mohato oa bohlokoa oa ho thibela lefu la tsoekere
Ntle le moo, tlhahlobo ea mali bakeng sa tsoekere e bontšoa selemo le selemo bakeng sa basali, banna le bana ba kotsing:
- ho ba teng ha beng ka motho ea tšoeroeng ke "lefu le monate";
- bakuli ba batenya;
- basali ba ileng ba tsoala bana ho feta 4-4,5 lik'hilograma ho nalane;
- bakuli ba sebelisang li-glucocorticosteroids khafetsa;
- ho ba le mekhoa ea tumor;
- bakuli ba nang le mafu a kulang;
- bakuli ba nang le mathata a pelo le methapo ea mali ba hlahile ba sa le banyenyane (ho basali - ho fihlela lilemo tse 40, ho banna - ho fihlela lilemo tse 50).
Teko ea mali bakeng sa tsoekere - mefuta
Madi ke mokelikeli oa tlhaho oa 'mele, o nang le lintho tsa plasma le lintho tse sebopeho. Liphetoho life kapa life li bontšoa ka lipontšo tsa eona tsa boleng le boleng. Ho latela tlhahlobo ea mali, hoa khoneha ho hlakisa boteng ba lits'ebetso tsa ho ruruha le tsa mafu, boemo ba ho se sebetse hantle, phetoho ea tekano ea electrolyte, le ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme.
Glucose ea mali e ka khethoa ho sebelisoa mekhoa e mengata ea tlhahlobo. Ngaka e ka fana ka tlhahlobo e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa ka nako e le 'ngoe.
Mokhoa oa laboratori
Palo e felletseng ea mali ke motheo oa tlhahlobo eohle ea laboratori. Mokhoa ona ha o supe hore na tsoekere e kae, empa ho latela sephetho, ngaka e hlahloba hemoglobin, sistimi ea morusu le boemo ba lintho tse thehiloeng.
Hoa hlokahala ho fana ka mali a capillary. Ho itokisa ho na le ho hana lijo tsa hoseng. Ho ka nooa metsi feela. Ha ho hlokahala, liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ea tšoaetso li ka ba li lokile ka metsotso e 10-15. Tloaelo ea matšoao a banna, basali le bana (ka lilemo) e bontšoa tafoleng e ka tlase.
Matšoao a tlhahlobo e akaretsang ea tlhahlobo ea mali ho motho ea phetseng hantle
Teko ea tsoekere ea mali
Lefu la tsoekere le ka etsoa ka mali a capillary kapa venous a mokuli. Re lokela ho hopola hore tloaelo ea lipalo tsa tsoekere maling ho tsoa monoaneng e 10% e tlase ho feta maling a tsoang mothapong. Ntle le moo, liphetho tsa batho ba baholo le bana le tsona lia fapana.
Ho lokisa ho tjena:
- cheke e etsahala ka mpeng e se nang letho;
- e lumelloa ho noa metsi feela ka lihora tse 8-10 pele u nka thepa;
- u se ke oa hlafuna chepisi hoseng;
- ha hoa lumelloa ho hlatsoa menoana ea hau ka menoana ea meno (e ka ba le tsoekere ho eona);
- Matsatsi a 3 ho hana tšebeliso ea joala;
- khaotsa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi leha e le life ka letsatsi, 'me haeba sena se sa khonehe, bolella laboratori hantle hore na ho nooa meriana efe.
Ho bontšoa matšoao a tloaelehileng le a ts'oaetso ea mafu.
Liphetho tsa ho khetholla boemo ba tsoekere maling maling maemong a fapaneng
Ha ho nka mali ho tsoa mothapong ho tsamaisana le ho lekola sekhahla sa tsoekere, litekanyetso tsa cholesterol le tsona lia hlahlojoa. Kamano ea lintho tsena tse peli e netefalitsoe nako e telele. Hyperglycemia e kenya letsoho ho theheng k'holeseterole e sebetsang, triglycerides le lipids, tse behiloeng maboteng a methapo ea methapo, tse etsang hore ho be le lipalo tsa methapo ea methapo. Ebe ho fokotseha hoa lumen ea likepe le tlolo ea lithane tsa trophic.
Teko ea mojaro
Mokhoa ona o bitsoang tlhahlobo ea mamello ea glucose, o sebelisoa ho hlakisa maikutlo a lisele tsa 'mele ho glucose (bohlokoa boemong ba lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 le mofuta oa letsoalo la lefu lena ho basali baimana). E lumella hore u tsebe ho ba teng ha tsoekere e morao maling.
Bakeng sa ho itokisetsa hantle pokello ea boitsebiso, ho hlokahala hore matsatsi a mararo pele ho tlhahlobo hore u se ke ua lekanyetsa palo ea lik'habohaedreite tse amohetseng. Haeba ho khonahala, khaotsa ho sebelisa litlhare (kamora lipuisano le ngaka ea hau). Fana ka mali ka mpeng e se nang letho, ke metsi a nooang feela a lumelloang.
Ka laboratoring, sehlooho se hlakisa lintlha tse latelang:
- ho ba teng ha mafu a tšoaetsanoang kapa a tšoaetsanoang;
- ho ikoetlisa ka letsatsi la ho qetela;
- ho nooa meriana efe.
Tlhahlobo ea mamello e etsoa ka methati e latelang:
- Nka mali ho tloha monoaneng kapa mothapong.
- Glucose phofo e hlapolloa ka 300 ml ea metsi a futhumetseng kapa tee. Palo ea banna le basali ke 75 g, ngoana ke 1,75 g ka boima ba kilo e le 'ngoe. Tharollo e hlahisoang e taoa ka nako.
- Ho latela litaelo tsa ngaka, sampole e latelang ea mali (ka tsela e ts'oanang le ea lekhetlo la pele) e ka etsoa kamora metsotso e 30, 60, 90, e tloaelehileng - kamora metsotso e 120.
Glucose phofo - sethethefatsi se entsoeng ka litlama se ikemiselitseng se sebelisoang ho hlahloba mafu
Glycated Hemoglobin
Tlhahlobo e u lumella ho netefatsa kapa ho latola boteng ba hyperglycemia ho mokuli. Tsoekere e nang le moea oa glycated e na le matšoao a fanang ka leseli ho feta mekhoa e meng kaofela ea ho khetholla tsoekere maling. Melemo ke e latelang:
- tlhahlobo e etsoa pele le ka mor'a lijo;
- ho nepahala ha matšoao ho lumella ho tseba methati ea pele ea "lefu le monate";
- boikemisetso ba khalemelo ea mmuso ho matla;
- U ke ke ua hana ho nka meriana.
Mathata:
Tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere ho bana- sekaseka se amana le mekhoa ea sehlopha se theko e phahameng;
- khahlano le semelo sa mafu a mali kapa ho nka litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa livithamini, liphetho li ka sotloa;
- ha e ea etsoa ka laboratoring eohle;
- Tekanyo e phahameng ea lihormone tsa qoqotho e lebisa liphellong tse phahameng, empa li-glucose tsa 'nete li ka har'a meeli e amohelehang.
Tekanyo ea hemoglobin ea glycated (lebitso la mokokotlo - HbA1C) e tsoana le ho lilemo tsohle, ha e na bong. Ho fihlela ho 5,7%, monyetla oa ho ba le lefu lena o fokola hanyane, ho isa ho 6% - karolelano ea menyetla, kalafo ea phepo e khothaletsoa ho bakuli, ho fihlela ho 6.4% - kotsi e kholo ea lefu la tsoekere, ka holimo ho 6.5% - tlhahlobo ea lefu la tsoekere e belaetse.
Bontša hore na o tsebahala joang
Mokhoa o sebelisoa maemong a lapeng le a laboratori. Tlhahlobo ea Express e etsoa ho sebelisa glucometer. Sena ke sesebelisoa seo likhoele tsa liteko li kenngoeng ho sona. Ba tšeloa lerotholi la mali a taba eo, 'me sephetho sa eona se hlahella skrineng. Nako ea ho khetholla e latela mohlala oa mitara e khethiloeng.
Etiology ea ho kheloha
"Lefu le Monate" ha se lona lebaka feela leo tsoekere ea glucose e ka bang phahameng ho feta tloaelehileng. Hyperglycemia e tsamaisana le maemo a latelang:
- ho ikoetlisa ka ho feteletseng;
- liphihlelo tsa maikutlo;
- methapo ea methapo e meng ea endocrine;
- ja lijo pele o nka lijo;
- litlamorao tsa lintho tse chefo;
- ho sebelisa lithethefatsi (lihormone tsa qoqotho, diuretics, lihormone tsa thobalano le li-hormone tsa adrenal, lithethefatsi tse thibelang mafu).
Ts'ebeliso e telele le e sa laoloeng ea lithethefatsi - provocateur ea hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia e bonoa maemong a joalo:
- chefo ka joala ea ethyl le lintho tse tsoang ho eona;
- mafu a sebete, mokokotlo oa mpa, methapo ea mali;
- anorexia;
- botenya
- pancreatic tumor;
- chefo ea arsenic;
- e overdose ea litokisetso tsa insulin.
Litšenyehelo tsa tlhahlobo
Bakuli ba khahloa ke potso ea hore na litlhahlobo li etsa bokae. Litsenyehelo tsa litekolo li lekantsoe, tse fapaneng ho latela laboratori le toropo:
- Tlhahlobo ka kakaretso - li-ruble tse 200-300.
- Teko ea mali bakeng sa glucose - li-ruble tse 150-250.
- Teko ea mamello ea glucose - ho fihlela ho li-ruble tse 1880.
- Glycated hemoglobin - li-ruble tse 400-1000.
Liphetho li hlalosoa feela ke ngaka e teng. Ho ipapisitsoe le bona, maqheka a mang a taolo ea bakuli a ikemiselitse.
